BRAINSCAPE1
NR 565 Midterm Exam Advanced
Pharmacology Care Exam with
complete solutions latest version
Used in children aged 9-11 and 19-21, and adults every 5 years after 20, with greater
risk for those with diabetes and a risk score >7.5% - CORRECT ANSWER-ASCVD Risk
Score
Can be used in pregnancy/breastfeeding, as monotherapy or adjunct therapy with a
statin or fibrate - CORRECT ANSWER-Ezetimibe Use
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor that lowers cholesterol levels by decreasing absorption
from the small intestine, without affecting triglycerides - CORRECT ANSWER-Ezetimibe
Non-drug measures to lower LDL, including diet, exercise, weight control, and smoking
cessation - CORRECT ANSWER-Lifestyle Changes for High Cholesterol
Non-statins like fibrates, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, or statins for generally well-
tolerated side effects - CORRECT ANSWER-Minimizing Side Effects
Direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles, dilation of coronary vessels,
reduction of preload and afterload, and promotion of vasodilation - CORRECT
ANSWER-Organic Nitrates Therapeutic Action
Inhibited by CYP3A4 inhibitors, increasing the risk of torsades de pointes, including
grapefruit juice, HIV protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, azole antifungal drugs,
and some CCB - CORRECT ANSWER-Ranolazine Contraindications
Avoid in children under 10 - CORRECT ANSWER-Statin Prescription Age
Promotes relaxation of coronary artery spasm, increasing cardiac oxygen supply -
CORRECT ANSWER-CCB Role in Variant Angina
Aldosterone antagonist that promotes myocardial remodeling and fibrosis to help with
symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER-HF Worsening Symptoms Medication
BRAINSCAPE1
, BRAINSCAPE1
Promotes relaxation of peripheral arterioles, decreasing afterload and reducing cardiac
oxygen demand - CORRECT ANSWER-CCB Stable Angina
Prescribe a BB to help with increased heart rate - CORRECT ANSWER-Nitro Patches
Side Effect Response
When not used correctly, they lead to increased side effects, adverse reactions, and
toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER-CYP450 Inhibitors and Reducers
In patients with infrequent flareups (less than three per year), NSAIDs are the first line
agent for relieving pain - CORRECT ANSWER-Gouty Arthritis Treatment Decision
Prescribe a glucocorticoid (prednisone) or make dietary changes - CORRECT
ANSWER-Gouty Arthritis NSAID Ineffectiveness
Considered for long term treatment if a person has three or more gouty attacks per year
- CORRECT ANSWER-Colchicine Long Term Treatment
Should not be taken with statins or CYP3A4 inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER-
Colchicine Contraindications
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, myelosuppression, myopathy, and rhabdomyolysis -
CORRECT ANSWER-Colchicine Adverse Effects
Can lead to severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) with symptoms like rash, fever,
eosinophilia, and liver and kidney function issues - CORRECT ANSWER-Allopurinol
Long Term Effect
Should be co-administered with NSAIDs or colchicine - CORRECT ANSWER-
Febuxostat Co-Administration
Erosion and irreversible joint damage, renal damage, and tophi formation - CORRECT
ANSWER-Untreated Gout Complications
Minimize risk of esophagitis by swallowing the pill whole with a full glass of water, then
sitting up for at least 30 min, and taking the med 30 min prior to other intake -
CORRECT ANSWER-Alendronate Patient Education
Interferes with calcium, magnesium, and iron absorption - CORRECT ANSWER-
Ibandronate Dietary Supplement Interference
Alendronate is the first line treatment - CORRECT ANSWER-Osteoporosis 1st Line
Treatment
Safe to use in patients with renal dysfunction or who over produce uric acid -
CORRECT ANSWER-Allopurinol Safety in Renal Dysfunction
BRAINSCAPE1
NR 565 Midterm Exam Advanced
Pharmacology Care Exam with
complete solutions latest version
Used in children aged 9-11 and 19-21, and adults every 5 years after 20, with greater
risk for those with diabetes and a risk score >7.5% - CORRECT ANSWER-ASCVD Risk
Score
Can be used in pregnancy/breastfeeding, as monotherapy or adjunct therapy with a
statin or fibrate - CORRECT ANSWER-Ezetimibe Use
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor that lowers cholesterol levels by decreasing absorption
from the small intestine, without affecting triglycerides - CORRECT ANSWER-Ezetimibe
Non-drug measures to lower LDL, including diet, exercise, weight control, and smoking
cessation - CORRECT ANSWER-Lifestyle Changes for High Cholesterol
Non-statins like fibrates, ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, or statins for generally well-
tolerated side effects - CORRECT ANSWER-Minimizing Side Effects
Direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles, dilation of coronary vessels,
reduction of preload and afterload, and promotion of vasodilation - CORRECT
ANSWER-Organic Nitrates Therapeutic Action
Inhibited by CYP3A4 inhibitors, increasing the risk of torsades de pointes, including
grapefruit juice, HIV protease inhibitors, macrolide antibiotics, azole antifungal drugs,
and some CCB - CORRECT ANSWER-Ranolazine Contraindications
Avoid in children under 10 - CORRECT ANSWER-Statin Prescription Age
Promotes relaxation of coronary artery spasm, increasing cardiac oxygen supply -
CORRECT ANSWER-CCB Role in Variant Angina
Aldosterone antagonist that promotes myocardial remodeling and fibrosis to help with
symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER-HF Worsening Symptoms Medication
BRAINSCAPE1
, BRAINSCAPE1
Promotes relaxation of peripheral arterioles, decreasing afterload and reducing cardiac
oxygen demand - CORRECT ANSWER-CCB Stable Angina
Prescribe a BB to help with increased heart rate - CORRECT ANSWER-Nitro Patches
Side Effect Response
When not used correctly, they lead to increased side effects, adverse reactions, and
toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER-CYP450 Inhibitors and Reducers
In patients with infrequent flareups (less than three per year), NSAIDs are the first line
agent for relieving pain - CORRECT ANSWER-Gouty Arthritis Treatment Decision
Prescribe a glucocorticoid (prednisone) or make dietary changes - CORRECT
ANSWER-Gouty Arthritis NSAID Ineffectiveness
Considered for long term treatment if a person has three or more gouty attacks per year
- CORRECT ANSWER-Colchicine Long Term Treatment
Should not be taken with statins or CYP3A4 inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER-
Colchicine Contraindications
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, myelosuppression, myopathy, and rhabdomyolysis -
CORRECT ANSWER-Colchicine Adverse Effects
Can lead to severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) with symptoms like rash, fever,
eosinophilia, and liver and kidney function issues - CORRECT ANSWER-Allopurinol
Long Term Effect
Should be co-administered with NSAIDs or colchicine - CORRECT ANSWER-
Febuxostat Co-Administration
Erosion and irreversible joint damage, renal damage, and tophi formation - CORRECT
ANSWER-Untreated Gout Complications
Minimize risk of esophagitis by swallowing the pill whole with a full glass of water, then
sitting up for at least 30 min, and taking the med 30 min prior to other intake -
CORRECT ANSWER-Alendronate Patient Education
Interferes with calcium, magnesium, and iron absorption - CORRECT ANSWER-
Ibandronate Dietary Supplement Interference
Alendronate is the first line treatment - CORRECT ANSWER-Osteoporosis 1st Line
Treatment
Safe to use in patients with renal dysfunction or who over produce uric acid -
CORRECT ANSWER-Allopurinol Safety in Renal Dysfunction
BRAINSCAPE1
