Maryville Pharm 615 exam 2-strathmann
Terms in this set (235)
Who discovered the first Alexander Fleming in 1928
antibiotic?
What is the leading cause of Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotic agents.
antibiotic resistance?
The leading risk factors include recent use of antibiotics, age
What are risk factors for having
younger than 2 or older than 65, day-care center attendance,
a drug- resistant pathogen?
exposure to young children, multiple medical comorbidities,
recent hospitalization, and immunosuppression.
How many antibiotic classes Every antibiotic class.
are affected by bacterial
resistance?
are characterized chemically by the 6-aminopenicillanic acid
Penicillins
joined to the beta- lactam ring.
(1) penicillinase-sensitive or natural penicillins, (2)
What are the four penicillin aminopenicillins, (3) penicillinase- resistant or anti-
subclasses? staphylococcal penicillins, and (4) anti-pseudomonal or
extended- spectrum penicillins.
by inhibiting the biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall
How do penicillins hinder
mucopeptide (also called murein or peptidoglycan).
bacterial growth?
, What do penicillins bind to? the cell wall during the terminal stages of cell wall formation.
During what point are penicillins during active cellular multiplication. Lower drug
most effective? concentrations may result in bacteriostatic effects only.
What has reduced the penicillinase-producing organisms.
breadth of organsims that
penicillin can treat?
What is the only natural penicillin.
penicillin commercially
available?
What is penicillin (naturally aerobic, gram-positive organisms.
occurring type) active against?
Name aminopenicillins. ampicillin and amoxicillan.
gram-positive organism, and greater activity against gram-negative
What are aminopenicillins active
bacteria because
against?
of their enhanced ability to penetrate the outer membrane of these
organisms.
use of broad-spectrum penicillins, or prolonged or repeat
What causes clostridium difficile therapy with any broad- spectrum antibacterial, may result in
infection? bacterial or fungal overgrowth (i.e., superinfection) of non-
susceptible organisms.
it is a superinfection that manifests as diarrhea that may
occur during therapy or up to several weeks after
How does c-diff manifest? disontinuation of the antibiotic. It may present with watery or
bloody diarrhea, accompanied by severe abdominal
cramps and pain, fever, and pseudomembranous colitis.
discontinuance of the antibiotic, but if definitive diagnosis is made,
What is the treatment for c-diff?
treatment with oral metronidazole, oral vancomycin, or fidaxomicin
is required.
Terms in this set (235)
Who discovered the first Alexander Fleming in 1928
antibiotic?
What is the leading cause of Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotic agents.
antibiotic resistance?
The leading risk factors include recent use of antibiotics, age
What are risk factors for having
younger than 2 or older than 65, day-care center attendance,
a drug- resistant pathogen?
exposure to young children, multiple medical comorbidities,
recent hospitalization, and immunosuppression.
How many antibiotic classes Every antibiotic class.
are affected by bacterial
resistance?
are characterized chemically by the 6-aminopenicillanic acid
Penicillins
joined to the beta- lactam ring.
(1) penicillinase-sensitive or natural penicillins, (2)
What are the four penicillin aminopenicillins, (3) penicillinase- resistant or anti-
subclasses? staphylococcal penicillins, and (4) anti-pseudomonal or
extended- spectrum penicillins.
by inhibiting the biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall
How do penicillins hinder
mucopeptide (also called murein or peptidoglycan).
bacterial growth?
, What do penicillins bind to? the cell wall during the terminal stages of cell wall formation.
During what point are penicillins during active cellular multiplication. Lower drug
most effective? concentrations may result in bacteriostatic effects only.
What has reduced the penicillinase-producing organisms.
breadth of organsims that
penicillin can treat?
What is the only natural penicillin.
penicillin commercially
available?
What is penicillin (naturally aerobic, gram-positive organisms.
occurring type) active against?
Name aminopenicillins. ampicillin and amoxicillan.
gram-positive organism, and greater activity against gram-negative
What are aminopenicillins active
bacteria because
against?
of their enhanced ability to penetrate the outer membrane of these
organisms.
use of broad-spectrum penicillins, or prolonged or repeat
What causes clostridium difficile therapy with any broad- spectrum antibacterial, may result in
infection? bacterial or fungal overgrowth (i.e., superinfection) of non-
susceptible organisms.
it is a superinfection that manifests as diarrhea that may
occur during therapy or up to several weeks after
How does c-diff manifest? disontinuation of the antibiotic. It may present with watery or
bloody diarrhea, accompanied by severe abdominal
cramps and pain, fever, and pseudomembranous colitis.
discontinuance of the antibiotic, but if definitive diagnosis is made,
What is the treatment for c-diff?
treatment with oral metronidazole, oral vancomycin, or fidaxomicin
is required.
