Maryville 663 exam 1 STUDY GUIDE
Piaget: 0-2yrs
object permanence by 2y/o; requires the ability to form a mental
representation (i.e., a schema) of the object.
Sensory-Motor Period Respond to stimuli; new
people; Response patterns: hand
to mouth Searches for hidden
objects understands causes
not visible
Piaget: 2 to 7 years
punishment for bad deeds is unavoidable (immanent justice)
think about things symbolically: a word or an object - stand for
something other than itself.
Egocentric: you do it too; difficulty taking
another view point. Animistic: I'm afraid of the
Pre-operational Stage
moon
Lack of hierarchy: where do the
blocks go Centration: I want it
now!
Irreversibility: I don't know how to go
back there Tranducive reasoning: go
the way Daddy goes 5-6 get
humor; do chores
6-7 good memory, solve problems
Piaget: 7 to 11 years
can think logically but still learn best from direct experience.
thought is logical and reversible; the child understands classes,
Concrete Operations Period relationships, and part-whole relationships dealing with
concrete things.
understanding of conservation and reversibility: conserve number
(age 6), mass (age 7), and weight (age 9).
Understand hierarchies
, Piaget: 11 years to adulthood—development of logic and reasoning
and second- order thoughts: thinking about thoughts.
the ability to think about abstract concepts, and logically
Formal (abstract) Operational stage
test hypotheses. Problem-solving is systematized and organized
manner, rather than through trial- and-error
Avoid things based on supposition of neg consequences
Erickson: Infancy to 18 mo
If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic
trust; dependent on primary caregiver attachment
Trust vs. Mistrust Hope
temporal perspective vs time
confusion mutual recognition vs
autistic isolation
psychopathology: psychosis, addiction, depression
Erikson: 18 mo-3 yrs
learns to exercise will and to do things independently. Holding on
and letting go: speech, sphincter and muscle control
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Will
Will to be oneself vs doubt
Self-certainty vs self-consciousness
psychopath: paranoia, obsessions, compulsions, impulsivity
Erikson: 3-5 yrs
independence in planning, playing and other activities. beginnings
of super-ego, conscience in failure of the oedipal quest
Initiative vs. Guilt Purpose
Anticipation of roles vs role
inhibition Role experimentation
vs role fixation
psychopath: conversion disorder, inhibition
Erikson: 5 and 13 yrs
learns to be productive, work with others, division of labor,
acquisition of tools, identification with teachers and
occupations.
Industry vs. Inferiority
Competence
Task ID vs sense of futility
Apprenticeship vs work paralysis
If earlier stages fail or interruption of this stage: inadequacy and
inferiority psychopath: creative inhibition, inertia
Erikson: 13-21 yrs
teenagers and young adults search for and become their true
selves. Comparison of self as viewed by others vs as viewed by
identity vs. role confusion
self. Social roles important
Fidelity
psychopath: delinquent behavior; gender-related identity;
borderline psychotic episodes
Erikson: 21-40 yrs
stage in which individuals form deeply personal relationships, marry,
begin families. Make and honor commitments
To love and to
, Intimacy vs. Isolation work Love
Sexual polarization vs bisexual confusion
Psychopath: schizoid personality; distantiation (repudiate, isolate
and destroy what is dangerous to one's own)
Piaget: 0-2yrs
object permanence by 2y/o; requires the ability to form a mental
representation (i.e., a schema) of the object.
Sensory-Motor Period Respond to stimuli; new
people; Response patterns: hand
to mouth Searches for hidden
objects understands causes
not visible
Piaget: 2 to 7 years
punishment for bad deeds is unavoidable (immanent justice)
think about things symbolically: a word or an object - stand for
something other than itself.
Egocentric: you do it too; difficulty taking
another view point. Animistic: I'm afraid of the
Pre-operational Stage
moon
Lack of hierarchy: where do the
blocks go Centration: I want it
now!
Irreversibility: I don't know how to go
back there Tranducive reasoning: go
the way Daddy goes 5-6 get
humor; do chores
6-7 good memory, solve problems
Piaget: 7 to 11 years
can think logically but still learn best from direct experience.
thought is logical and reversible; the child understands classes,
Concrete Operations Period relationships, and part-whole relationships dealing with
concrete things.
understanding of conservation and reversibility: conserve number
(age 6), mass (age 7), and weight (age 9).
Understand hierarchies
, Piaget: 11 years to adulthood—development of logic and reasoning
and second- order thoughts: thinking about thoughts.
the ability to think about abstract concepts, and logically
Formal (abstract) Operational stage
test hypotheses. Problem-solving is systematized and organized
manner, rather than through trial- and-error
Avoid things based on supposition of neg consequences
Erickson: Infancy to 18 mo
If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic
trust; dependent on primary caregiver attachment
Trust vs. Mistrust Hope
temporal perspective vs time
confusion mutual recognition vs
autistic isolation
psychopathology: psychosis, addiction, depression
Erikson: 18 mo-3 yrs
learns to exercise will and to do things independently. Holding on
and letting go: speech, sphincter and muscle control
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Will
Will to be oneself vs doubt
Self-certainty vs self-consciousness
psychopath: paranoia, obsessions, compulsions, impulsivity
Erikson: 3-5 yrs
independence in planning, playing and other activities. beginnings
of super-ego, conscience in failure of the oedipal quest
Initiative vs. Guilt Purpose
Anticipation of roles vs role
inhibition Role experimentation
vs role fixation
psychopath: conversion disorder, inhibition
Erikson: 5 and 13 yrs
learns to be productive, work with others, division of labor,
acquisition of tools, identification with teachers and
occupations.
Industry vs. Inferiority
Competence
Task ID vs sense of futility
Apprenticeship vs work paralysis
If earlier stages fail or interruption of this stage: inadequacy and
inferiority psychopath: creative inhibition, inertia
Erikson: 13-21 yrs
teenagers and young adults search for and become their true
selves. Comparison of self as viewed by others vs as viewed by
identity vs. role confusion
self. Social roles important
Fidelity
psychopath: delinquent behavior; gender-related identity;
borderline psychotic episodes
Erikson: 21-40 yrs
stage in which individuals form deeply personal relationships, marry,
begin families. Make and honor commitments
To love and to
, Intimacy vs. Isolation work Love
Sexual polarization vs bisexual confusion
Psychopath: schizoid personality; distantiation (repudiate, isolate
and destroy what is dangerous to one's own)
