SAFE 412 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
EHS is a sunk cost to the organization - Answers Why are EHS professionals not liked in
workplace
An ever changing condition in which one attempts to minimize the risk of injury, illness, or
property damage from hazards - Answers Definition: Safety
Source with a potential to cause injury - Answers Hazard
Acts as a linking event between hazard and injury/illness - Answers Unsafe act
Incident (near miss): undesired event that, under different circumstances, could have resulted in
personal hard or property damage
Accident: unplanned and injurious or damagng event which interrupts the normal progress of an
activity, preceded by an unsafe action - Answers Incident vs accident
Set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization to establish policies and objectives
and processes to achieve those objectives - Answers Management System (ISO-45001)
Management system or part of a management system used to achieve the OH&S policy -
Answers OH&S Management System (ISO-45001)
Unsafe Acts and Unsafe conditions
what causes unsafe acts to occur? : faulty management
or management systems - Answers Near cause of accidents
Know difference of approaches - Answers Approaches
Key point: safety performance can be measured by degree of compliance with regulations
advantage: easy to understand expectations
disadvantage: hazards can still exist that are not covered by regulations - Answers Regulatory
Compliance Approach
Key point: decisions can be reduced to cost/benefit determinations
, advantage: approach speaks in language of managers ($$)
disadvantage: indirect cost of accidents are difficult to determine - Answers Loss-
Prevention/Control Approach
Key point: there is an acceptable level of risk (MANAGEMENT + REGULATIONS) > this level of
risk varies among organizations
advantage: more flexible than loss prevention approach in terms of its end goal > its not just
about saving money. its about enhancing reputation, etc.
disadvantage: risk tends to be more qualitative (subjective). = hard to come up with solid
numbers - Answers Risk-Based Safety Approach
"Control the system"
Key point: efficiency (productivity), quality, and safety are on the same playing field. = theres
something wrong with the processes if deviations/accidents occur.
advantage: safety becomes part of the business culture, strongly embraces continual
improvement
disadvantage: hard to change culture, takes commitment and time - Answers Quality-Based
Safety Approach
Time is the reason this is hard
Key points: unsafe behaviors lead to incidents and accidents
advantages: statistics support the notion that unsafe workers behaviors are the leading cause
of accidents.
EHS is a sunk cost to the organization - Answers Why are EHS professionals not liked in
workplace
An ever changing condition in which one attempts to minimize the risk of injury, illness, or
property damage from hazards - Answers Definition: Safety
Source with a potential to cause injury - Answers Hazard
Acts as a linking event between hazard and injury/illness - Answers Unsafe act
Incident (near miss): undesired event that, under different circumstances, could have resulted in
personal hard or property damage
Accident: unplanned and injurious or damagng event which interrupts the normal progress of an
activity, preceded by an unsafe action - Answers Incident vs accident
Set of interrelated or interacting elements of an organization to establish policies and objectives
and processes to achieve those objectives - Answers Management System (ISO-45001)
Management system or part of a management system used to achieve the OH&S policy -
Answers OH&S Management System (ISO-45001)
Unsafe Acts and Unsafe conditions
what causes unsafe acts to occur? : faulty management
or management systems - Answers Near cause of accidents
Know difference of approaches - Answers Approaches
Key point: safety performance can be measured by degree of compliance with regulations
advantage: easy to understand expectations
disadvantage: hazards can still exist that are not covered by regulations - Answers Regulatory
Compliance Approach
Key point: decisions can be reduced to cost/benefit determinations
, advantage: approach speaks in language of managers ($$)
disadvantage: indirect cost of accidents are difficult to determine - Answers Loss-
Prevention/Control Approach
Key point: there is an acceptable level of risk (MANAGEMENT + REGULATIONS) > this level of
risk varies among organizations
advantage: more flexible than loss prevention approach in terms of its end goal > its not just
about saving money. its about enhancing reputation, etc.
disadvantage: risk tends to be more qualitative (subjective). = hard to come up with solid
numbers - Answers Risk-Based Safety Approach
"Control the system"
Key point: efficiency (productivity), quality, and safety are on the same playing field. = theres
something wrong with the processes if deviations/accidents occur.
advantage: safety becomes part of the business culture, strongly embraces continual
improvement
disadvantage: hard to change culture, takes commitment and time - Answers Quality-Based
Safety Approach
Time is the reason this is hard
Key points: unsafe behaviors lead to incidents and accidents
advantages: statistics support the notion that unsafe workers behaviors are the leading cause
of accidents.
