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BIO 320 EXAM 1 NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND 100%CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
AND GRADED A+)
Which of the following bacterial genera does not produce
endospores?
Bacillus
Staphylococcus
Clostridium
Sporosarcina - ANSWER-Staphylococcus
Substances are transported across the outer membrane of
Gram negative bacteria using:
porins
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teichoic acids
the proton motive force
LPS
ATP - ANSWER-porins
As an antibiotic, Penicillin is the most effective on:
actively growing Gram positive bacteria
stationary-phase (non-dividing) Gram postive bacteria
Mycoplasma bacteria
actively growing Gram negative bacteria
stationary-phase (non-dividing) Gram negative bacteria -
ANSWER-actively growing Gram positive bacteria
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Indicate all of statements below that are features of a
bacterial capsule.
it is considered a pathogenecity/virulence factor
it can be detected using the negative stain procedure
it contains lipopolysaccharide
it may protect the bacteria from engulfment by white blood
cells (macrophages)
it is found on all species of bacteria - ANSWER-it is
considered a pathogenecity/virulence factor
it can be detected using the negative stain procedure
it may protect the bacteria from engulfment by white blood
cells (macrophages)
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Which of the following supports the hypothesis that the
origins of life on Earth were based on RNA? (Choose all
that apply)
RNA is used as heredity material in viruses
RNA is used as the primary heredity material in bacteria
some RNA molecules have been found with enzymatic
activity
ribosomes contain structural RNA molecules
micro RNAs can regulate transcription/translation
the fossil record provides evidence of 1 billion year-old
RNA-based organisms - ANSWER-RNA is used as
heredity material in viruses
some RNA molecules have been found with enzymatic
activity
BIO 320 EXAM 1 NEWEST 2025/2026 ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND 100%CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
AND GRADED A+)
Which of the following bacterial genera does not produce
endospores?
Bacillus
Staphylococcus
Clostridium
Sporosarcina - ANSWER-Staphylococcus
Substances are transported across the outer membrane of
Gram negative bacteria using:
porins
,2|Page
teichoic acids
the proton motive force
LPS
ATP - ANSWER-porins
As an antibiotic, Penicillin is the most effective on:
actively growing Gram positive bacteria
stationary-phase (non-dividing) Gram postive bacteria
Mycoplasma bacteria
actively growing Gram negative bacteria
stationary-phase (non-dividing) Gram negative bacteria -
ANSWER-actively growing Gram positive bacteria
,3|Page
Indicate all of statements below that are features of a
bacterial capsule.
it is considered a pathogenecity/virulence factor
it can be detected using the negative stain procedure
it contains lipopolysaccharide
it may protect the bacteria from engulfment by white blood
cells (macrophages)
it is found on all species of bacteria - ANSWER-it is
considered a pathogenecity/virulence factor
it can be detected using the negative stain procedure
it may protect the bacteria from engulfment by white blood
cells (macrophages)
, 4|Page
Which of the following supports the hypothesis that the
origins of life on Earth were based on RNA? (Choose all
that apply)
RNA is used as heredity material in viruses
RNA is used as the primary heredity material in bacteria
some RNA molecules have been found with enzymatic
activity
ribosomes contain structural RNA molecules
micro RNAs can regulate transcription/translation
the fossil record provides evidence of 1 billion year-old
RNA-based organisms - ANSWER-RNA is used as
heredity material in viruses
some RNA molecules have been found with enzymatic
activity
