1|Page
BIO 322 PATHO FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
100%CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND
GRADED A+|NEWEST VERSION
Which of the following is an example of homologous
characters?
A. Snails and turtles both have strong, hard shells for
protection.
B. Crocodiles and humans both have forelimbs with five
digits
C. Parrotfish and parrots (the birds) both have beaklike
mouths.
,2|Page
D. The aquatic larval stage was lost in a lineage of
salamanders but was later regained. - ANSWER-B
Gene genealogies can vary for different loci. What does
this imply for species trees?
A. Adaptive radiations do not occur.
B. Species trees require apomorphies in order to be
successfully resolved.
C. All genes in the genome are subject to similar selective
pressures
D. Species trees should be constructed using multiple loci
(both nuclear and mtDNA) - ANSWER-D
,3|Page
Assume that a bird species living in the southwest US
shows an Fst value of 0.1 between southern California
and Arizona with a barrier provided by the Mojave Desert.
As climate change progresses, increased desertification of
the environment reduces the rate of migration between CA
and AZ as interbreeding declines:
A. Cannot be determined from the info given
B. FST will be unchanged after several generations
C. Fst will increase towards 1 after several generations
D. Fst values are irrelevant to issues of migration
E. Fst will decline towards 0 after several generations -
ANSWER-C
, 4|Page
Which of the following is nota hypothesized advantage of
sexual reproduction?
A. It reduces the chances of producing defective offspring
B. It increases resistance to parasites
C. It helps remove deleterious genes
D. It recombines different advantageous alleles and
separates
E. It creates genetic variation - ANSWER-A
Which of the following statements is true?
A. Random mating in large populations will cause random
fluctuations in the rate of heterozygosity lost in populations
BIO 322 PATHO FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
100%CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED AND
GRADED A+|NEWEST VERSION
Which of the following is an example of homologous
characters?
A. Snails and turtles both have strong, hard shells for
protection.
B. Crocodiles and humans both have forelimbs with five
digits
C. Parrotfish and parrots (the birds) both have beaklike
mouths.
,2|Page
D. The aquatic larval stage was lost in a lineage of
salamanders but was later regained. - ANSWER-B
Gene genealogies can vary for different loci. What does
this imply for species trees?
A. Adaptive radiations do not occur.
B. Species trees require apomorphies in order to be
successfully resolved.
C. All genes in the genome are subject to similar selective
pressures
D. Species trees should be constructed using multiple loci
(both nuclear and mtDNA) - ANSWER-D
,3|Page
Assume that a bird species living in the southwest US
shows an Fst value of 0.1 between southern California
and Arizona with a barrier provided by the Mojave Desert.
As climate change progresses, increased desertification of
the environment reduces the rate of migration between CA
and AZ as interbreeding declines:
A. Cannot be determined from the info given
B. FST will be unchanged after several generations
C. Fst will increase towards 1 after several generations
D. Fst values are irrelevant to issues of migration
E. Fst will decline towards 0 after several generations -
ANSWER-C
, 4|Page
Which of the following is nota hypothesized advantage of
sexual reproduction?
A. It reduces the chances of producing defective offspring
B. It increases resistance to parasites
C. It helps remove deleterious genes
D. It recombines different advantageous alleles and
separates
E. It creates genetic variation - ANSWER-A
Which of the following statements is true?
A. Random mating in large populations will cause random
fluctuations in the rate of heterozygosity lost in populations
