EAB 3002 (QUIZ 1) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What's the difference between immediate and remote causation? - ANSWER-
Immediate causation an event which is closest to, or immediately responsible for
causing, some observed result.
Remote Causation which is usually thought of as the "real" reason something
occurred.
What is a "principle" of behavior? For example, why do we call reinforcement a
principle of behavior? - ANSWER-is something helps account for how people learns
actions; Describes a functional relation between behavior & one or more controlling
variables; Reinforcement means you are increasing a behavior--> it is any
consequence or outcome that increases the likelihood of a particular behavioral
response (and that therefore reinforces the behavior)
How was Watson's behaviorism different than Skinner's behaviorism? - ANSWER-
Watson argued that mental process (thoughts, feelings, beliefs)were OFF limits
Skinner argued that these processes (mental) are behavior and should be view as
another type of behavior.
What is a science of behavior? - ANSWER-is another word for behavior analysis, so
it's basically a comprehensive, natural-science approach to the study of the behavior
of organisms.
What is "private behavior"? - ANSWER-is behavior that is only accessible to the
person doing it, also referred to as thinking behavior. This can also be visible though;
An experienced chess player evaluates the consequences of their every move and
does not want their opponent to be able to determine what they are thinking about.
Such player would want to exhibit a private behavior that cannot be observed by
others.
What is a functional analysis of behavior, and how does this approach differ from a
structural approach? - ANSWER-Functional analysis of behavior is the product or
consequences of the behavior; why a behavior occurs; What is accomplished.
Structural analysis of behavior is the form of the behavior (topography); how a
behavior looks; How it is accomplished.
What does the topography of behavior refer to? - ANSWER-describe behavior,
specifically what behavior looks like; "Disrespect" is more often a reflection of the
, teacher's reaction that the student's intent. "Refusing to comply with a direction" is a
more topographical description of the same behavior.
What does a history of reinforcement refer to? - ANSWER-
Know the difference between "elicited" and "emitted" - ANSWER-Skinner
distinguished the difference between "emitted" responses and Pavlovian "elicited"
responses that are reflexive and involuntary. An emitted response is voluntary and
can be consciously stopped by an organism; An elicited response would be
something involuntary such as my stomache growling when I am hungry. The term
emitted is used to characterize operant behavior or behavior that is controlled
primarily by its consequences.
What is a response class? Examples? - ANSWER-all forms of a performance that
have similar functions; all forms of behaviour that have the same end goal (or
function).
ex. Turning on a light may be done with the left hand, the right hand, an elbow, a
head, or even by asking another person.
What is a response function? Examples? - ANSWER-
What is a stimulus class? Examples? - ANSWER-all those environmental events that
regulate respondent and operant behaviour (that is, produces the same behavior).
Ex. following women's restroom signs: the word woman, a picture of a woman, and a
painting of a mermaid.
What is a stimulus function? Examples? - ANSWER-occurrence of an event that
changes the behavior of an organism; occurs when a certain stimulus (usually an
aversive stimulus) is removed after a particular behavior is exhibited. The likelihood
of the particular behavior occurring again in the future is increased because of
removing/avoiding the negative consequence.
Ex. when a traffic light turns red (stimulus), the likelihood of braking (behavior)
increases
What is a positive reinforcer? Examples? - ANSWER-stimuli that INCREASE the
rate/frequency of the behavior; presenting a motivating/reinforcing stimulus to the
person after the desired behavior is exhibited, making the behavior more likely to
happen in the future.
Ex.The little boy receives $5.00 (reinforcing stimulus) for every A he earns on his
report card (behavior).
What is a negative reinforcer? Examples? - ANSWER-stimuli that INCREASE
behavior when REMOVED
ANSWERS
What's the difference between immediate and remote causation? - ANSWER-
Immediate causation an event which is closest to, or immediately responsible for
causing, some observed result.
Remote Causation which is usually thought of as the "real" reason something
occurred.
What is a "principle" of behavior? For example, why do we call reinforcement a
principle of behavior? - ANSWER-is something helps account for how people learns
actions; Describes a functional relation between behavior & one or more controlling
variables; Reinforcement means you are increasing a behavior--> it is any
consequence or outcome that increases the likelihood of a particular behavioral
response (and that therefore reinforces the behavior)
How was Watson's behaviorism different than Skinner's behaviorism? - ANSWER-
Watson argued that mental process (thoughts, feelings, beliefs)were OFF limits
Skinner argued that these processes (mental) are behavior and should be view as
another type of behavior.
What is a science of behavior? - ANSWER-is another word for behavior analysis, so
it's basically a comprehensive, natural-science approach to the study of the behavior
of organisms.
What is "private behavior"? - ANSWER-is behavior that is only accessible to the
person doing it, also referred to as thinking behavior. This can also be visible though;
An experienced chess player evaluates the consequences of their every move and
does not want their opponent to be able to determine what they are thinking about.
Such player would want to exhibit a private behavior that cannot be observed by
others.
What is a functional analysis of behavior, and how does this approach differ from a
structural approach? - ANSWER-Functional analysis of behavior is the product or
consequences of the behavior; why a behavior occurs; What is accomplished.
Structural analysis of behavior is the form of the behavior (topography); how a
behavior looks; How it is accomplished.
What does the topography of behavior refer to? - ANSWER-describe behavior,
specifically what behavior looks like; "Disrespect" is more often a reflection of the
, teacher's reaction that the student's intent. "Refusing to comply with a direction" is a
more topographical description of the same behavior.
What does a history of reinforcement refer to? - ANSWER-
Know the difference between "elicited" and "emitted" - ANSWER-Skinner
distinguished the difference between "emitted" responses and Pavlovian "elicited"
responses that are reflexive and involuntary. An emitted response is voluntary and
can be consciously stopped by an organism; An elicited response would be
something involuntary such as my stomache growling when I am hungry. The term
emitted is used to characterize operant behavior or behavior that is controlled
primarily by its consequences.
What is a response class? Examples? - ANSWER-all forms of a performance that
have similar functions; all forms of behaviour that have the same end goal (or
function).
ex. Turning on a light may be done with the left hand, the right hand, an elbow, a
head, or even by asking another person.
What is a response function? Examples? - ANSWER-
What is a stimulus class? Examples? - ANSWER-all those environmental events that
regulate respondent and operant behaviour (that is, produces the same behavior).
Ex. following women's restroom signs: the word woman, a picture of a woman, and a
painting of a mermaid.
What is a stimulus function? Examples? - ANSWER-occurrence of an event that
changes the behavior of an organism; occurs when a certain stimulus (usually an
aversive stimulus) is removed after a particular behavior is exhibited. The likelihood
of the particular behavior occurring again in the future is increased because of
removing/avoiding the negative consequence.
Ex. when a traffic light turns red (stimulus), the likelihood of braking (behavior)
increases
What is a positive reinforcer? Examples? - ANSWER-stimuli that INCREASE the
rate/frequency of the behavior; presenting a motivating/reinforcing stimulus to the
person after the desired behavior is exhibited, making the behavior more likely to
happen in the future.
Ex.The little boy receives $5.00 (reinforcing stimulus) for every A he earns on his
report card (behavior).
What is a negative reinforcer? Examples? - ANSWER-stimuli that INCREASE
behavior when REMOVED
