Chapter 01: Community- and Prevention-
j j j j
Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health
j j j j j
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 5th
j j j j j j j j j j
Edition
MULTIPLEjCHOICE
1. Whichjofjthejfollowingjbestjdescribesjcommunity-basedjnursing?
a. Ajpracticejinjwhichjcarejisjprovidedjforjindividualsjandjfamilies
b. Providingjcarejwithjajfocusjonjthejgroup’sjneeds
c. Givingjcarejwithjajfocusjonjthejaggregate’sjneeds
d. Ajvaluejsystemjinjwhichjalljclientsjreceivejoptimaljcare
ANS:j A
Byjdefinition,jcommunity-basedjnursingjisjajsetting-specificjpracticejinjwhichjcarejis
providedjforj“sick”jindividualsjandjfamiliesjwherejtheyjlive,jwork,jandjattendjschool.jThejemphas
isjisjonjacutejandjchronicjcarejandjthejprovisionjofjcomprehensive,jcoordinated,jandjcontinuousjca
re.jThesejnursesjmayjbejgeneralistsjorjspecialistsjinjmaternal–
infant,jpediatric,jadult,jorjpsychiatricjmentaljhealthjnursing.jCommunity-
basedjnursingjemphasizesjacutejandjchronicjcarejtojindividualsjandjfamilies,jratherjthanjfocusingj
onjgroups,jaggregates,jorjsystems.
2. Whichjofjthejfollowingjbestjdescribesjcommunity-orientedjnursing?
a. Focusingjonjthejprovisionjofjcarejtojindividualsjandjfamilies
b. Providingjcarejtojmanagejacutejorjchronicjconditions
c. Givingj directj carejtoj illj inNdivR
UIlsjSjwjG
idua Nith
jT
Bin.thCeir Mfamily
d. Havingjthejgoaljofjhealthjpromotionjandjdiseasejprevention
O j setting
ANS:j D
Byjdefinition,jcommunity-
orientedjnursingjhasjthejgoaljofjpreserving,jprotecting,jorjmaintainingjhealthjandjpreventingjdisea
sejtojpromotejthejqualityjofjlife.jAlljnursesjmayjfocusjonjindividualsjandjfamilies,jgivejdirectjcarejt
ojilljpersonsjwithinjtheirjfamilyjsetting,jandjhelpjmanagejacutejorjchronicjconditions.jThesejdefinit
ionsjarejnotjspecificjtojcommunity-orientedjnursing.
3. Whichjofjthejfollowingjisjthejprimaryjfocusjofjpublicjhealthjnursing?
a. Familiesjandjgroups
b. Illness-orientedjcare
c. Individualsjwithinjthejfamilyjunit
d. Healthjcarejofjcommunitiesjandjpopulations
ANS:j D
Injpublicjhealthjnursingjthejprimaryjfocusjisjonjthejhealthjcarejofjcommunitiesjandjpopulationsjrath
erjthanjonjindividuals,jgroups,jandjfamilies.jThejgoaljisjtojpreventjdiseasejandjpreserve,jpromote,jre
store,jandjprotectjhealthjforjthejcommunityjandjthejpopulationjwithinjit.jCommunity-
basedjnursesjdealjprimarilyjwithjillness-
orientedjcarejofjindividualsjandjfamiliesjacorssjthejlifejspan.jThejaimjisjtojamanagejacutejandjchro
nicjhealthjconditionsjinjthejcommunity,jandjthejfocusjofjpracticejisjonjindividualjorjfamily-
centeredjillnessjcare.
NURSINGTB.COM
,FoundationsjforjPopulationjHealthjinjCommunityjPublicjHealthjNursingj5thjEditionjStanhopejTestjBank
4. Whichjofjthejfollowingjisjresponsiblejforjthejdramaticjincreasejinjlifejexpectancyjduringjthej20thj
century?
a. Technologyjincreasesjinjthejfieldjofjmedicaljlaboratoryjresearch
b. Advancesjinjsurgicaljtechniquesjandjprocedures
c. Sanitationjandjotherjpopulation-basedjpreventionjprograms
d. Usejofjantibioticsjtojfightjinfections
ANS:j C
Improvementsjinjcontroljofjinfectiousjdiseasesjthroughjimmunizations,jsanitation,jandjotherjpop
ulation-
basedjpreventionjprogramsjledjtojthejincreasejinjlifejexpectancyjfromjlessjthanj50jyearsjinj1900jtoj
morejthanj78jyearsjinj2013.jAlthoughjpeoplejarejexcitedjwhenjajnewjdrugjisjdiscoveredjthatjcuresj
ajdiseasejorjwhenjajnewjwayjtojtransplantjorgansjisjperfected,jitjisjimportantjtojknowjaboutjthejsig
nificantjgainsjinjthejhealthjofjpopulationsjthatjhavejcomejlargelyjfromjpublicjhealthjaccomplishm
ents.
5. Ajnursejisjdevelopingjajplanjtojdecreasejthejnumberjofjprematurejdeathsjinjthejcommunity.jWhi
chjofjthejfollowingjinterventionsjwouldjmostjlikelyjbejimplementedjbyjthejnurse?
a. Increasejthejcommunity’sjknowledgejaboutjhospicejcare.
b. Promotejhealthyjlifestylejbehaviorjchoicesjamongjthejcommunityjmembers.
c. Encouragejemployersjtojhavejwellnessjcentersjatjeachjindustrialjsite.
d. Ensurejtimelyjandjeffectivejmedicaljinterventionjandjtreatmentjforjcommunityjme
mbers.
ANS:j B
Publicjhealthjapproachesjcouldjhelpjpreventjprematurejdeathsjbyjinfluencingjthejwayjpeoplejeat,jd
rink,jdrive,jengagejinjexercise,jandjtreatjthejenvironment.jIncreasingjknowledgejofjhospicejcare,je
ncouragingjon-sitejwellnessjcenters,jandjensuringjtimelyjtreatmentjofjmedical
conditionsjdojnotjaddressjtheNfU
ocR
usSoIf N
imGpT
roBv.
inC o vMe r a l l jhealthjthroughjhealthjpromotion
gjO
strategies.jThisjisjthejmajorjmethodjthatjisjsuggestedjtojdecreasejthejincidencejofjpremature
death.
6. Whichjofjthejfollowingjisjajbasicjassumptionjofjpublicjhealthjefforts?
a. Healthjdisparitiesjamongjanyjgroupsjarejmorallyjandjlegallyjwrong.
b. Healthjcarejisjthejmostjimportantjpriorityjinjgovernmentjplanningjandjfunding.
c. Thejhealthjofjindividualsjcannotjbejseparatedjfromjthejhealthjofjthejcommunity.
d. ThejgovernmentjisjresponsiblejforjlengtheningjthejlifejspanjofjAmericans.
ANS:j C
Publicjhealthjpracticejfocusesjonjthejcommunityjasjajwhole,jandjthejeffectjofjthe
community’sjhealthjstatusj(resources)jonjthejhealthjofjindividuals,jfamilies,jandjgroups.jThejgoalji
sjtojpreventjdiseasejandjdisabilityjandjpromotejandjprotectjthejhealthjofjthejcommunityjasjajwhole.j
Publicjhealthjcanjbejdescribedjasjwhatjsocietyjcollectivelyjdoesjtojensurejthatjconditionsjexistjinjw
hichjpeoplejcanjbejhealthy.jThejbasicjassumptionsjofjpublicjhealthjdojnotjjudgejthejmoralityjofjheal
thjdisparities.jThejfocusjisjonjpreventionjofjillnessjnotjonjspendingjmorejonjillnessjcare.jAdditional
ly,jindividualjresponsibilityjforjmakingjhealthyjchoicesjisjthejdirectivejforjlengtheningjlifejspanjno
tjthejrolejofjthejgovernment.
7. Whichjofjthejfollowingjactionsjwouldjmostjlikelyjbejperformedjbyjajpublicjhealthjnurse?
a. Askingjcommunityjleadersjwhatjinterventionsjshouldjbejchosen
b. Assessingjthejcommunityjandjdecidingjonjappropriatejinterventions
c. Usingjdatajfromjthejmainjhealthjcarejinstitutionsjinjthejcommunityjtojdetermine
NURSINGTB.COM
, FoundationsjforjPopulationjHealthjinjCommunityjPublicjHealthjNursingj5thjEditionjStanhopejTestjBank
neededjhealthjservices
d. Workingjwithjcommunityjgroupsjtojcreatejpoliciesjtojimprovejthejenvironment
ANS:j D
Althoughjthejpublicjhealthjnursejmightjengagejinjanyjofjthejtasksjlisted,jhejorjshejworksjprimarilyj
withjmembersjofjthejcommunityjtojcarryjoutjcorejpublicjhealthjfunctions,jincludingjassessmentjofj
thejpopulationjasjajwholejandjengagingjinjpromotingjhealthjandjimprovingjthejenvironment.jTheji
nterventionsjofjaskingjcommunityjleadersjwhichjinterventionsjshouldjbejchosen,jasessingjthejco
mmunityjandjdecidingjonjappropriatejinterventions,jandjusingjdatajfromjhealthjcarejinstitutionsjd
ojnotjdemonstratejthejengagementjofjthejcommunityjwhenjmakingjdecisionsjaboutjwhatjthejcom
munityjactuallyjwantsjandjneeds.
8. Whichjofjthejfollowingjpublicjhealthjnursesjmostjclearlyjfulfillsjthejresponsibilitiesjofjthisjrole
?
a. Thejnursejwhojmetjwithjseveraljgroupsjtojdiscussjcommunityjrecreationjissues
b. Thejnursejwhojspentjthejdayjattendingjmeetingsjofjvariousjhealthjagencies
c. Thejnursejwhojtalkedjtojseveraljpeoplejaboutjtheirjparticularjhealthjconcerns
d. Thejnursejwhojwatchedjthejcityjcounciljmeetingjonjlocaljcablejtelevision
ANS:j B
Anyjofjthesejdescriptionsjmightjrepresentjajnursejcommunicating,jcooperating,jorjcollaboratingj
withjcommunityjresidentsjorjgroupsjaboutjhealthjconcerns.jHowever,jthejnursejwhojspentjthejday
jattendingjmeetings jofjvariousjhealthjagenciesjisjthejmostjrepresentative,jbecausejinjpublicjhealth
,jconcernsjarejaddressedjfromjajbroaderjperspective.jInjpublicjhealth,jbroadjconcernsjofjthejcomm
unityjshouldjbejaddressed.jConcernsjarejbroaderjthanjrecreation,jindividualjconcernsjarejnotjasji
mportantjasjaggregatejpriorities,jandjwatchingjtelevisionj(ajone-
wayjformjofjcommunication)jisjlessjeffectivejthanjinteractingjwithjothers.
NURSINGTB.COM
9. Whichjofjthejfollowingjbestjdefinesjaggregate?
a. Ajlargejgroupjofjpersons
b. Ajcollectionjofjindividualsjandjfamilies
c. Ajcollectionjofjpeoplejwhojsharejonejorjmorejcharacteristics
d. Anotherjnamejforjdemographicjgroup
ANS:j C
Anjaggregatejisjdefinedjajcollectionjofjpeoplejwhojsharejonejorjmorejpersonaljorjenvironmentaljc
haracteristics.jMembersjofjajcommunityjcanjbejdefinedjinjtermsjofjeitherjgeographyj(e.g.,jajcount
y,jajgroupjofjcounties,jorjajstate)jorjajspecialjinterestj(e.g.,jchildrenjattendingjajparticularjschool).jT
hesejmembersjmakejupjajpopulation.jThejtermjpopulationjmayjbejusedjinterchangeablyjwithjthejte
rmjaggregate.jAjlargejgroupjofjpersons,jajcollectionjofjindividualsjandjfamilies,jandjanotherjnamej
forjdemograhpicjgroupjarejnotjaccuratejdefinitionsjofjthejtermjaggregate.
10. Ajregisteredjnursejwasjjustjemployedjasjajpublicjhealthjnurse.jWhichjquestionjwouldjbejthejmostj
relevantjforjthejnursejtojask?
a. “Whichjgroupsjarejatjthejgreatestjriskjforjproblems?”
b. “WhichjpatientsjshouldjIjseejfirstjasjIjbeginjmyjday?”
c. “WithjwhichjphysiciansjwilljIjbejmostjcloselyjcollaborating?”
d. “WithjwhichjnursingjassistantsjwilljIjpartnerjthejmost?”
ANS:j A
NURSINGTB.COM