SPH 200 Unit 3 Questions and Answers Verified
100% Correct
health (historical)
the absence of disease (historically infectious diseases plagued populations and thus shapes the
definition of health to exclusionary (the absence of disease)
health (1946 WHO)
state of complete physical, mental, social wellbeing (more positive than historical definitions),
wellness without injury or disease
health (1978 WHO)
level of health that permits people to lead socially and economically productive lives (wellness
without disease or injury VERSUS wellness with disease or injury VERSUS illness without
disease or injury VERSUS illness with disease or injury) - people with disease can still be
healthy (example early stage cancer)
many of our health metrics remain ____.
disease-based (even though the definition of health has evolved to much more than just presence
or absence of disease!)
mortality
death rates/life expectancy data; crude, binary measure of health (alive versus dead)
mortality-based measurements (2 most common)
, 1. life expectancy at birth
2. infant mortality rates
disability adjusted life year
A measure of burden of disease, one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature
death + time lived with illness, disease or injury (morbidity/disability).
years of healthy life lost (YHLL)
years in which major life activities are limited due to morbidity/disability; can be applied to
mortality data sets to compare different descriptions (ex// race), can be used to quantify impact of
disease on a population, can translate into an economic cost
risk factors
factors that can influence the health of a population; can be behaviours that affect health rather
than illnesses or diseases (i.e. not just reporting on a disease, but including the underlying causes
of disease); tracking factors can provide an indication of the direction that population health
trends will move; often interrelated, complicated, circular; not all equal, some are hard to
attribute to specific outcomes (ex// we know that smoking can lead to lung cancer, but what
about socioeconomic status?)
biological risk factors
genetic endowment, aging
environmental risk factors
food, water, air, exposure to infectious diseases
100% Correct
health (historical)
the absence of disease (historically infectious diseases plagued populations and thus shapes the
definition of health to exclusionary (the absence of disease)
health (1946 WHO)
state of complete physical, mental, social wellbeing (more positive than historical definitions),
wellness without injury or disease
health (1978 WHO)
level of health that permits people to lead socially and economically productive lives (wellness
without disease or injury VERSUS wellness with disease or injury VERSUS illness without
disease or injury VERSUS illness with disease or injury) - people with disease can still be
healthy (example early stage cancer)
many of our health metrics remain ____.
disease-based (even though the definition of health has evolved to much more than just presence
or absence of disease!)
mortality
death rates/life expectancy data; crude, binary measure of health (alive versus dead)
mortality-based measurements (2 most common)
, 1. life expectancy at birth
2. infant mortality rates
disability adjusted life year
A measure of burden of disease, one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature
death + time lived with illness, disease or injury (morbidity/disability).
years of healthy life lost (YHLL)
years in which major life activities are limited due to morbidity/disability; can be applied to
mortality data sets to compare different descriptions (ex// race), can be used to quantify impact of
disease on a population, can translate into an economic cost
risk factors
factors that can influence the health of a population; can be behaviours that affect health rather
than illnesses or diseases (i.e. not just reporting on a disease, but including the underlying causes
of disease); tracking factors can provide an indication of the direction that population health
trends will move; often interrelated, complicated, circular; not all equal, some are hard to
attribute to specific outcomes (ex// we know that smoking can lead to lung cancer, but what
about socioeconomic status?)
biological risk factors
genetic endowment, aging
environmental risk factors
food, water, air, exposure to infectious diseases
