HEP 3600 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions

1. Indian Health Services (IHS) - ANSWER responsible for fed health services to natives, assist tribes in developing health programs, facilitate and assist tribes in coordinating health resources, provide comprehensive health care services, serve as a fed advocate 2. Refugees - ANSWER people who flee their homes from danger 3. Immigrants - ANSWER migrate from other countries to set up residence 4. Aliens - ANSWER people who were not born in a particular country 5. Illegal aliens - ANSWER enter a country without permission 6. Concerns with immigrants - ANSWER language/cultural barriers, poor, lower education levels, mismatch of work skills to economic needs, serious health problems, burden on healthcare, housing, education, etc. 7. Race and Health Initiative - ANSWER goal to eliminate disparities among racial and ethnic minority populations in 6 areas, infant mortality, cancer screening and management, cv disease, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, immunization 8. SES - ANSWER considered to be the most influential single contributor to premature morbidity and mortality 9. Community organizing - ANSWER Process by which community groups are helped to identify common problems or change targets, mobilize resources, and develop and implement strategies to reach their collective goals 10. Grass-roots - ANSWER A process that begins with those who are affected by the problem/concern 11. Gatekeepers - ANSWER Those who control, both formally and informally, the political climate of the community 12. Coalition - ANSWER Formal alliance of organizations that come together to work for a common goal 13. Community building - ANSWER An orientation to community through which people who identify as members engage together in building community capacity rather than fixing problems through the application of specific and externally driven strategies 14. Task force - ANSWER Temporary group that is brought together for dealing with a specific problem 15. Program planning - ANSWER A process by which an intervention is planned to help meet the needs of a priority population 16. Needs assessment - ANSWER The process of collecting and analyzing information, to develop an understanding of the issues, resources, and constraints of the priority population, as related to the development of the health promotion program 17. Priority population (audience) - ANSWER Those whom a program is intended to serve 18. Best experiences - ANSWER Intervention strategies used in prior or existing programs that have not gone through the critical research and evaluation studies and thus fall short of the best practice criteria 19. Best practices - ANSWER Recommendations for interventions based on critical review of multiple research and evaluation studies that substantiate the efficacy of the intervention 20. Best processes - ANSWER Original intervention strategies that the planners create based on their knowledge and skills of good planning processes including the involvement of those in the priority population and the use of theories and models 21. Dose - ANSWER The number of program units as part of the intervention 22. PH policy development - ANSWER inform, educate, empower, mobilize community partnerships, develop policies 23. PH assurance - ANSWER enforce laws, link to/provide care, assure competent workforce 24. Bear River Board of Health - ANSWER Box Elder, Cache, Rich counties 25. Public health mission - ANSWER assuring conditions in which people can be healthy 26. BRHD health promotion mission - ANSWER protect human health, prevent disease and disability, promote a safe and healthy community through assessment, policy development, and assurance 27. What is health promotion? - ANSWER the aggregate of all purposeful activities designed to improve personal and public health through a combination of strategies, including the competent implementation of behavioral change strategies, health ed., health protection measures, risk factor detection, health enhancement and health maintenance 28. 7 responsibilities for health educators - ANSWER assess needs, assets, and capacity; plan health education; implement health education; conduct evaluation and research; administer and manage health ed, serve as health ed and resource person; advocate for health ed 29. Coordinated School Health Program (CSHP) - ANSWER health education, physical education, health services, nutrition services, counseling, psychological and social services, healthy school environment, health promotion for staff, family/community involvement 30. School Health Advisory Council - ANSWER primary role: provide coordination of the CSHP components, individuals from a school or school district and community who work together to provide advice and aspects of school health program 31. Key personnel for CSHP - ANSWER school nurse, teachers 32. School Health Policies - ANSWER steps: identify the policy development team, assess the district's needs, prioritize needs and develop an action plan, draft a policy, build awareness and support, adopt and implement the policy, maintain, measure, and evaluate 33. School Health Coordinator - ANSWER should administer CSHP, usually a nurse or health teacher, multiple responsibilities, position often not required by states 34. School Health Education - ANSWER development, delivery, and evaluation of a planned curriculum primarily by a school health teacher, includes all health education in the school 35. Health ed curriculum outlines - ANSWER scope content that will be taught, sequence-order content will be covered, learning objectives, learning activities, possible instructional resources, methods for assessment 36. Issues and concerns of CSHP - ANSWER lack of support, limited resources, curriculum challenges, controversy, violence in schools, bullying 37. Infant - ANSWER 1year 38. Child - ANSWER 1-14 years 39. Women of childbearing age - ANSWER 18-45 years 40. Increased health risks for infants and children raised in single parent families - ANSWER adverse birth outcomes, low birth weight, higher infant mortality, more likely to live in poverty 41. Unmarried mothers - ANSWER compared to married generally have lower education, lower incomes, greater dependence on welfare 42. Teenage pregnancy - ANSWER more likely to drop out of school, not get married or have marriage end in divorce, rely on public assistance, live in poverty, substantial health and economic consequences 43. Teen mothers are less likely - ANSWER to receive early prenatal care 44. Teen mothers are more likely - ANSWER to smoke during pregnancy, have preterm birth, have low birth weight babies, have pregnancy complications 45. Title X Family Planning Act - ANSWER only fed program dedicated solely to funding family planning and reproductive healthcare services, designed to provide service to low income women, major program to reduce unintended pregnancy, supports 61% of family planning clinics, more than 5 million women receive care every year 46. Maternal health - ANSWER health of women in the childbearing years, including pre-pregnancy period, pregnant and those caring for young children 47. Maternal mortality - ANSWER death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management 48. Preconception health care - ANSWER care before pregnancy that is health improving and risk reducing 49. Prenatal health care - ANSWER medical care from the time of conception until birth process 50. Title V - ANSWER only fed legislation dedicated to promoting and improving health of mothers and children 51. Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) - ANSWER subdivision of HRSA in the DHHS, established to administer title V funding for 4 core public health services 52. MCHB pyramid of health services - ANSWER Direct healthcare services, enabling services (transportation, medicaid, WIC), population based services (immunization, SIDS counseling, nutrition), infrastructure building services (needs assessment, planning, evaluation, monitoring, training) 53. WIC - ANSWER supplemental food program sponsored by USDA since 1974 54. Medicaid - ANSWER low income individuals and families, children slightly more than half of beneficiaries 55. CHIP - ANSWER targets uninsured children whose families don't qualify for medicaid 56. FMLA - ANSWER grants 12 weeks unpaid job protected leave to men or women after birth of child, adoption, illness in immediate family, only affects businesses with 50+ employees 57. Family Support Act and Child Care and Development Block Grant - ANSWER provide funds for child care for poor families 58. Adolescents and Young Adults - ANSWER 15-24 years Adults - ANSWER 25-64 years, slightly more than half of US population Ages 15 to 64 - ANSWER some of the most productive years of people's lives, best health, shape health for later years Adolescence - ANSWER difficult stage, period of transition from childhood to adulthood, comfort and security to complex and challenging Young adults - ANSWER complete physical growth, experience significant life changes, leave home, join military, begin careers, etc., many health beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors are adopted and consolidated Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System - ANSWER designed and implemented by CDC, includes a biennial school based survey (9-12th grade), tracks selected health behaviors, includes data used to set and track progress toward school health goals, curriculum, new legislation and policies Implementation - ANSWER Putting a planned program into action Multiplicity - ANSWER The number of activities that make up an intervention Evaluation - ANSWER Determining the value or worth of an object of interest Formative evaluation - ANSWER The evaluation that is conducted during the planning and implementing processes to improve or refine the program Impact evaluation - ANSWER Focuses on the immediate observable effects of a program Outcome evaluation - ANSWER Focuses on the end result of the program Standard of acceptability - ANSWER Comparative mandate, value, norm, or group Summative evaluation - ANSWER The evaluation that determines the effect of a program on the priority population