BIO-105-03 Exam 1 Questions And Answers

List, briefly define, and provide examples/explanations for the characteristics of life. - ANS They are organized, acquire, materials and energy, they are homeostatic, respond to stimuli, reproduce and have potential for growth and lastly have evolutionary history Provide the steps to the scientific method, in order. - ANS Make an observation, develop a hypothesis, test said hypothesis, collect and analyze the data, develop a conclusion. Differentiate between hypotheses, theories, and laws. - ANS ? Understand basic experimental design (control group, experimental group, variables, etc) and be able to explain what contributes to "good science". If you are presented with a beginning to an experiment, be able to explain the steps, terms, and considerations along the way. For example, if you want to determine if there is a correlation between aspartame and bladder cancer in mice, and you have 100 mice, how would you follow through with the experiment correctly? - ANS You need to have a group of mice that didn't have the aspartame injected so you have something to compare and contrast it to. Written -asp (meaning no aspartame) The group not getting it is called the control. Know the three domains and what kinds of organisms fall into each domain. - ANS Archaea and Bacteria - unicellular prokaryotes (that lack a membrane-bound nucleus) Eukarya - unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes (showing cellular complexity and having a nucleus and other organelles). Know the four kingdoms in domain Eukarya and what kinds of organisms fall into each kingdom. - ANS Protists (kingdom Protista) Fungi (kingdom Fungi) Plants (kingdom Plantae) Animals (kingdom Animalia) Know the taxonomic hierarchy (in order from least to most specific). What determines how organisms are classified? - ANS Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Demonstrate the ability to write a scientific name correctly (when presented with one) and know what each of the two names indicates. Practice with LEMUR CATTA. What genus does this species belong? - ANS Lemur catta What two environmental factors influence terrestrial ecosystems the most? - ANS Temperature and precipitation Compare and contrast the major types of terrestrial ecosystems that we covered in class, with respect to precipitation and temperature. - ANS ?? What defines a "forest", "grassland", and "desert"? Briefly describe the categories within each one. - ANS Forest= dominated by trees Grassland=dominated by grass Desert= lack of moisture Would you expect a species to do well or poorly in another ecosystem than the one it is adapted to? Briefly explain. - ANS Poor. They wouldn't have the natural resistance to survive. Define "niche". - ANS Job/ role of species of the environment Contrast biotic and abiotic factors in ecosystems. Provide two examples of each. - ANS biotic= living things; animals, algae. abiotic= nonlivig; air pressure, terrain. Name the four categories of consumers found in ecosystems and describe each of their food choices. - ANS Herbivores - feed on plant and algae Carnivores - feed on other animals Omnivores - eat both plants and animals Detritus feeders - feed on decomposing organic matter Explain why energy flows but chemicals cycle through an ecosystem. - ANS Energy is not able to be controlled. 90% of the energy disappears due to heat. Chemicals cycle through due to the circle of life. Using the water cycle, provide examples of reservoirs and exchange pools. - ANS Reservoir= Fossil fuels, sediment in oceans; Exchange pool= soil, water Using the water cycle, determine what aspects contribute to (and take from) atmospheric water. - ANS evaporation Using the carbon cycle, provide examples of reservoirs and exchange pools. Be able to identify a form/location of carbon as a reservoir or an exchange pool. - ANS ?? In what ways can human activities influence aspects of the carbon cycle? - ANS Burning fossil fuels. What is the connection between global warming and carbon dioxide gas? - ANS CO2 is produced by our factories and now we put more gases into the greenhouse gases causing a thicker layer of gas surrounding our earth producing heat's inability to escape. What is bioaccumulation (biomagnification)? Briefly describe how something, such as mercury, becomes accumulated within living systems. - ANS ?? Contrast the MDCs' and the LDCs' contribution to recent human population growth. - ANS MDCs have a low population increases. LDCs are having a 1.6％ growth rate What does "exponential growth" refer to? - ANS ?? Provide 4 examples of resources that humans are dependent on. - ANS Land Water Food Energy minerals Contrast renewable resources and non-renewable resources. Provide examples for each category. - ANS Nonrenewable resources are limited in supply Amount of land, fossil fuels, and minerals Renewable resources are able to be replenished naturally Water, plants, animals for food, and solar energy Be aware as to how human activities negatively impact terrestrial ecosystems - ANS Deforestation can lead to infertile agriculture or grazing land Be aware as to how human activities negatively impact aquatic ecosystems. - ANS 70％ of freshwater world wide is used for irrigation. What does biodiversity refer to? Provide at least 3 examples of contributing factors that limit or threaten biodiversity. - ANS What is the value of biodiversity Medicinal value Drugs from plants Agricultural value Food and fibers Consumptive Wild fruits and veggies Biogeochemical cycles What are the examples that we discussed that support the value of biodiversity, directly and indirectly? - ANS What is the value in biodiversity Medicinal value Drugs from plants Agricultural value Food and fibers Consumptive Wild fruits and veggies Biogeochemical cycles