Phil 2303 Critical Thinking Exam 1
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Critical thinking - CORRECT ANSWERS reflective judgement upon what to believe or
how to act
Rational - CORRECT ANSWERS A decision is considered _______ if it is supported by
reasons or evidence
Confirmation bias - CORRECT ANSWERS Giving greater weight to evidence which
confirms your already established belief or ignoring evidence which conflicts with your already
established belief
Inquiry - CORRECT ANSWERS The process of carefully examining an issue in order to
come to a reasoned judgement
Issue - CORRECT ANSWERS a challenge, controversy, or difference of view which can
be the focus of inquiry
Issues - CORRECT ANSWERS Stated as whether statements
Reasoned judgement - CORRECT ANSWERS A judgement based on critical evaluation of
relevant information and arguments
, Critical evaluation - CORRECT ANSWERS An assessment of the reasons and arguments
on various sides of an issue
Criteria - CORRECT ANSWERS the relative considerations that provide the basis for
making a judgement
Bias - CORRECT ANSWERS the tendency to uncritically favor one perspective, these can
be psychological, emotional, ideological, etc
Fallacy - CORRECT ANSWERS a common type of weak argument that has considerable
persuasive power
Counterexample - CORRECT ANSWERS an example or instance which is an exception to
the claim
Fallibilism - CORRECT ANSWERS the recognition that any claim to knowledge could be
mistaken
Justified - CORRECT ANSWERS having good reasons for ones belief or action
Autonomous - CORRECT ANSWERS self directed, not forced
The Spirit of Inquiry - CORRECT ANSWERS a commitment to base ones beliefs and
actions on inquiry
Open mindedness - CORRECT ANSWERS willingness to consider evidence and views
that are contrary to our own
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Critical thinking - CORRECT ANSWERS reflective judgement upon what to believe or
how to act
Rational - CORRECT ANSWERS A decision is considered _______ if it is supported by
reasons or evidence
Confirmation bias - CORRECT ANSWERS Giving greater weight to evidence which
confirms your already established belief or ignoring evidence which conflicts with your already
established belief
Inquiry - CORRECT ANSWERS The process of carefully examining an issue in order to
come to a reasoned judgement
Issue - CORRECT ANSWERS a challenge, controversy, or difference of view which can
be the focus of inquiry
Issues - CORRECT ANSWERS Stated as whether statements
Reasoned judgement - CORRECT ANSWERS A judgement based on critical evaluation of
relevant information and arguments
, Critical evaluation - CORRECT ANSWERS An assessment of the reasons and arguments
on various sides of an issue
Criteria - CORRECT ANSWERS the relative considerations that provide the basis for
making a judgement
Bias - CORRECT ANSWERS the tendency to uncritically favor one perspective, these can
be psychological, emotional, ideological, etc
Fallacy - CORRECT ANSWERS a common type of weak argument that has considerable
persuasive power
Counterexample - CORRECT ANSWERS an example or instance which is an exception to
the claim
Fallibilism - CORRECT ANSWERS the recognition that any claim to knowledge could be
mistaken
Justified - CORRECT ANSWERS having good reasons for ones belief or action
Autonomous - CORRECT ANSWERS self directed, not forced
The Spirit of Inquiry - CORRECT ANSWERS a commitment to base ones beliefs and
actions on inquiry
Open mindedness - CORRECT ANSWERS willingness to consider evidence and views
that are contrary to our own
