WGU D312 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026 TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Physiology. Answer: The study of body functions
◉ Atoms. Answer: Smallest particle of an element that has the properties
of that element
◉ Subatomic Particles. Answer: Parts of an atom, including protons,
electrons, and neutrons
◉ Macromolecules. Answer: Very large molecule
◉ Cell. Answer: The structural and functional unit of an organism
◉ Organelles. Answer: A structure or compartment in cells that houses
the biochemical reactions that carry out a specific function
◉ Tissue. Answer: Group of similar cells that performs a specialized
function
,◉ Organs. Answer: Structure consisting of a group of tissues with a
specialized function
◉ Organ System. Answer: Group of organs coordinated to carry on a
specialized function
◉ Organism. Answer: An individual living thing
◉ Parts of the patellar reflex are:. Answer: -Receptor
-Sensory Neuron
-Interneuron
-Motor Neuron
-Effector
◉ Structural components of the peripheral nervous system are:. Answer:
The cranial and spinal nerves
◉ Critical functions of the cerebellum are:. Answer: -Provides precise
timing for skeletal muscle activity
-Helps control balance and equilibrium
, ◉ The sympathetic autonomic nervous system reacts to a stressful
situation by:. Answer: Increasing the heart rate
◉ A neuron ensures a normal unidirectional flow of action potential
because:. Answer: Axons carry impulses away from the cell body
◉ A neurotransmitter conducts the nerve impulse across a synaptic cleft
by:. Answer: Diffusing the impulse into the receiving neuron's nucleus
and activates an action potential
◉ What structural benefit for nerve impulse transmission does the spinal
cord provide?. Answer: Protection from nerve damage
◉ Types of nerve cells:. Answer: -Astrocytes
-Ependymal cells
-Microglia
-Motor (efferent) neuron
-Satellite cells
-Schwann cells
-Sensory (afferent) cells
◉ Astrocytes:. Answer: Form a living barrier between capillaries and
neurons in the central nervous system
EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026 TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Physiology. Answer: The study of body functions
◉ Atoms. Answer: Smallest particle of an element that has the properties
of that element
◉ Subatomic Particles. Answer: Parts of an atom, including protons,
electrons, and neutrons
◉ Macromolecules. Answer: Very large molecule
◉ Cell. Answer: The structural and functional unit of an organism
◉ Organelles. Answer: A structure or compartment in cells that houses
the biochemical reactions that carry out a specific function
◉ Tissue. Answer: Group of similar cells that performs a specialized
function
,◉ Organs. Answer: Structure consisting of a group of tissues with a
specialized function
◉ Organ System. Answer: Group of organs coordinated to carry on a
specialized function
◉ Organism. Answer: An individual living thing
◉ Parts of the patellar reflex are:. Answer: -Receptor
-Sensory Neuron
-Interneuron
-Motor Neuron
-Effector
◉ Structural components of the peripheral nervous system are:. Answer:
The cranial and spinal nerves
◉ Critical functions of the cerebellum are:. Answer: -Provides precise
timing for skeletal muscle activity
-Helps control balance and equilibrium
, ◉ The sympathetic autonomic nervous system reacts to a stressful
situation by:. Answer: Increasing the heart rate
◉ A neuron ensures a normal unidirectional flow of action potential
because:. Answer: Axons carry impulses away from the cell body
◉ A neurotransmitter conducts the nerve impulse across a synaptic cleft
by:. Answer: Diffusing the impulse into the receiving neuron's nucleus
and activates an action potential
◉ What structural benefit for nerve impulse transmission does the spinal
cord provide?. Answer: Protection from nerve damage
◉ Types of nerve cells:. Answer: -Astrocytes
-Ependymal cells
-Microglia
-Motor (efferent) neuron
-Satellite cells
-Schwann cells
-Sensory (afferent) cells
◉ Astrocytes:. Answer: Form a living barrier between capillaries and
neurons in the central nervous system
