College
Phys-
ics
1
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CONTENTS
Contents
.........................................................................................................................................
2
Preface
..........................................................................................................................................
12
Chapter
1:
Introduction:
The
Nature
of
Science
and
Physics
.......................................................
13
1.2
Physical
Quantities
and
Units
.............................................................................................
13
1.3
Accuracy,
Precision,
and
Significant
Figures
.......................................................................
14
Chapter
2:
Kinematics
..................................................................................................................
16
2.1
Displacement
......................................................................................................................
16
2.3
Time,
Velocity,
and
Speed
...................................................................................................
16
2.5
Motion
Equations
for
Constant
Acceleration
in
One
Dimension
........................................
18
2.7
Falling
Objects
.....................................................................................................................
21
2.8
Graphical
Analysis
of
One-‐Dimensional
Motion
.................................................................
23
Chapter
3:
Two-‐Dimensional
Kinematics
.....................................................................................
25
3.2
Vector
Addition
and
Subtraction:
Graphical
Methods
........................................................
25
3.3
Vector
Addition
and
Subtraction:
Analytical
Methods
.......................................................
27
3.4
Projectile
Motion
................................................................................................................
29
3.5
Addition
of
Velocities
..........................................................................................................
32
Chapter
4:
Dynamics:
Force
and
Newton’s
Laws
of
Motion
.........................................................
36
4.3
Newton’s
Second
Law
of
Motion:
Concept
of
a
System
.....................................................
36
4.6
Problem-‐Solving
Strategies
.................................................................................................
37
4.7
Further
Applications
of
Newton’s
Laws
of
Motion
.............................................................
41
Chapter
5:
Further
Application
of
Newton’s
Laws:
Friction,
Drag,
and
Elasticity
.........................
45
2
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5.1
Friction
................................................................................................................................
45
5.3
Elasticity:
Stress
and
Strain
.................................................................................................
46
Chapter
6:
Uniform
Circular
Motion
and
Gravitation
...................................................................
49
6.1
Rotation
Angle
and
Angular
Velocity
..................................................................................
49
6.2
Centripetal
Acceleration
.....................................................................................................
50
6.3
Centripetal
Force
................................................................................................................
50
6.5
Newton’s
Universal
Law
of
Gravitation
..............................................................................
51
6.6
Satellites
and
Kepler’s
Laws:
An
Argument
for
Simplicity
...................................................
52
Chapter
7:
Work,
Energy,
and
Energy
Resources
.........................................................................
54
7.1
Work:
The
Scientific
Definition
...........................................................................................
54
7.2
Kinetic
Energy
and
the
Work-‐Energy
Theorem
...................................................................
55
7.3
Gravitational
Potential
Energy
............................................................................................
55
7.7
Power
..................................................................................................................................
56
7.8
Work,
Energy,
and
Power
in
Humans
.................................................................................
57
Chapter
8:
Linear
Momentum
and
Collisions
...............................................................................
61
8.1
Linear
Momentum
and
Force
.............................................................................................
61
8.2
Impulse
...............................................................................................................................
61
8.3
Conservation
of
Momentum
...............................................................................................
62
8.5
Inelastic
Collisions
in
One
Dimension
.................................................................................
63
8.6
Collisions
of
Point
Masses
in
Two
Dimensions
...................................................................
66
8.7
Introduction
to
Rocket
Propulsion
......................................................................................
68
Chapter
9:
Statics
and
Torque
......................................................................................................
70
9.2
The
Second
Condition
for
Equilibrium
................................................................................
70
9.3
Stability
...............................................................................................................................
70
3
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9.6
Forces
and
Torques
in
Muscles
and
Joints
..........................................................................
73
Chapter
10:
Rotational
Motion
and
Angular
Momentum
............................................................
74
10.1
Angular
Acceleration
.........................................................................................................
74
10.3
Dynamics
of
Rotational
Motion:
Rotational
Inertia
..........................................................
75
10.4
Rotational
Kinetic
Energy:
Work
and
Energy
Revisited
.....................................................
77
10.5
Angular
Momentum
and
Its
Conservation
........................................................................
79
10.6
Collisions
of
Extended
Bodies
in
Two
Dimensions
............................................................
79
Chapter
11:
Fluid
Statics
...............................................................................................................
81
11.2
Density
..............................................................................................................................
81
11.3
Pressure
............................................................................................................................
81
11.4
Variation
of
Pressure
with
Depth
in
a
Fluid
......................................................................
82
11.5
Pascal’s
Principle
...............................................................................................................
83
11.7
Archimedes’
Principle
.......................................................................................................
85
11.8
Cohesion
and
Adhesion
in
Liquids:
Surface
Tension
and
Capillary
Action
........................
87
11.9
Pressures
in
the
Body
.......................................................................................................
88
Chapter
12:
Fluid
Dynamics
and
Its
Biological
and
Medical
Applications
....................................
91
12.1
Flow
Rate
and
Its
Relation
to
Velocity
..............................................................................
91
12.2
Bernoulli’s
Equation
..........................................................................................................
92
12.3
The
Most
General
Applications
of
Bernoulli’s
Equation
...................................................
93
12.4
Viscosity
and
Laminar
Flow;
Poiseuille’s
Law
....................................................................
93
12.5
The
Onset
of
Turbulence
..................................................................................................
95
12.7
Molecular
Transport
Phenomena:
Diffusion,
Osmosis,
and
Related
Processes
...............
96
Chapter
13:
Temperature,
Kinetic
Theory,
and
the
Gas
Laws
......................................................
98
13.1
Temperature
.....................................................................................................................
98
4
Phys-
ics
1
, www.pdfgrip.com
CONTENTS
Contents
.........................................................................................................................................
2
Preface
..........................................................................................................................................
12
Chapter
1:
Introduction:
The
Nature
of
Science
and
Physics
.......................................................
13
1.2
Physical
Quantities
and
Units
.............................................................................................
13
1.3
Accuracy,
Precision,
and
Significant
Figures
.......................................................................
14
Chapter
2:
Kinematics
..................................................................................................................
16
2.1
Displacement
......................................................................................................................
16
2.3
Time,
Velocity,
and
Speed
...................................................................................................
16
2.5
Motion
Equations
for
Constant
Acceleration
in
One
Dimension
........................................
18
2.7
Falling
Objects
.....................................................................................................................
21
2.8
Graphical
Analysis
of
One-‐Dimensional
Motion
.................................................................
23
Chapter
3:
Two-‐Dimensional
Kinematics
.....................................................................................
25
3.2
Vector
Addition
and
Subtraction:
Graphical
Methods
........................................................
25
3.3
Vector
Addition
and
Subtraction:
Analytical
Methods
.......................................................
27
3.4
Projectile
Motion
................................................................................................................
29
3.5
Addition
of
Velocities
..........................................................................................................
32
Chapter
4:
Dynamics:
Force
and
Newton’s
Laws
of
Motion
.........................................................
36
4.3
Newton’s
Second
Law
of
Motion:
Concept
of
a
System
.....................................................
36
4.6
Problem-‐Solving
Strategies
.................................................................................................
37
4.7
Further
Applications
of
Newton’s
Laws
of
Motion
.............................................................
41
Chapter
5:
Further
Application
of
Newton’s
Laws:
Friction,
Drag,
and
Elasticity
.........................
45
2
, www.pdfgrip.com
5.1
Friction
................................................................................................................................
45
5.3
Elasticity:
Stress
and
Strain
.................................................................................................
46
Chapter
6:
Uniform
Circular
Motion
and
Gravitation
...................................................................
49
6.1
Rotation
Angle
and
Angular
Velocity
..................................................................................
49
6.2
Centripetal
Acceleration
.....................................................................................................
50
6.3
Centripetal
Force
................................................................................................................
50
6.5
Newton’s
Universal
Law
of
Gravitation
..............................................................................
51
6.6
Satellites
and
Kepler’s
Laws:
An
Argument
for
Simplicity
...................................................
52
Chapter
7:
Work,
Energy,
and
Energy
Resources
.........................................................................
54
7.1
Work:
The
Scientific
Definition
...........................................................................................
54
7.2
Kinetic
Energy
and
the
Work-‐Energy
Theorem
...................................................................
55
7.3
Gravitational
Potential
Energy
............................................................................................
55
7.7
Power
..................................................................................................................................
56
7.8
Work,
Energy,
and
Power
in
Humans
.................................................................................
57
Chapter
8:
Linear
Momentum
and
Collisions
...............................................................................
61
8.1
Linear
Momentum
and
Force
.............................................................................................
61
8.2
Impulse
...............................................................................................................................
61
8.3
Conservation
of
Momentum
...............................................................................................
62
8.5
Inelastic
Collisions
in
One
Dimension
.................................................................................
63
8.6
Collisions
of
Point
Masses
in
Two
Dimensions
...................................................................
66
8.7
Introduction
to
Rocket
Propulsion
......................................................................................
68
Chapter
9:
Statics
and
Torque
......................................................................................................
70
9.2
The
Second
Condition
for
Equilibrium
................................................................................
70
9.3
Stability
...............................................................................................................................
70
3
, www.pdfgrip.com
9.6
Forces
and
Torques
in
Muscles
and
Joints
..........................................................................
73
Chapter
10:
Rotational
Motion
and
Angular
Momentum
............................................................
74
10.1
Angular
Acceleration
.........................................................................................................
74
10.3
Dynamics
of
Rotational
Motion:
Rotational
Inertia
..........................................................
75
10.4
Rotational
Kinetic
Energy:
Work
and
Energy
Revisited
.....................................................
77
10.5
Angular
Momentum
and
Its
Conservation
........................................................................
79
10.6
Collisions
of
Extended
Bodies
in
Two
Dimensions
............................................................
79
Chapter
11:
Fluid
Statics
...............................................................................................................
81
11.2
Density
..............................................................................................................................
81
11.3
Pressure
............................................................................................................................
81
11.4
Variation
of
Pressure
with
Depth
in
a
Fluid
......................................................................
82
11.5
Pascal’s
Principle
...............................................................................................................
83
11.7
Archimedes’
Principle
.......................................................................................................
85
11.8
Cohesion
and
Adhesion
in
Liquids:
Surface
Tension
and
Capillary
Action
........................
87
11.9
Pressures
in
the
Body
.......................................................................................................
88
Chapter
12:
Fluid
Dynamics
and
Its
Biological
and
Medical
Applications
....................................
91
12.1
Flow
Rate
and
Its
Relation
to
Velocity
..............................................................................
91
12.2
Bernoulli’s
Equation
..........................................................................................................
92
12.3
The
Most
General
Applications
of
Bernoulli’s
Equation
...................................................
93
12.4
Viscosity
and
Laminar
Flow;
Poiseuille’s
Law
....................................................................
93
12.5
The
Onset
of
Turbulence
..................................................................................................
95
12.7
Molecular
Transport
Phenomena:
Diffusion,
Osmosis,
and
Related
Processes
...............
96
Chapter
13:
Temperature,
Kinetic
Theory,
and
the
Gas
Laws
......................................................
98
13.1
Temperature
.....................................................................................................................
98
4
