Medical Ethics Quiz 4 Questions with
complete solution 2025/2026
Autonomy - correct answer ✔a principle that emphasizes free will and self-determination of the
patient as the criteria for all decisions
Beneficence - correct answer ✔a positive duty to promote the well-being of other persons
Casuistry - correct answer ✔an approach to ethics that studies the application of common (shared)
morally relevant precepts (& duties) of particular paradigm cases to discern how they might apply in a
specific case of moral uncertainty
Double effect - correct answer ✔a principle that identifies certain criteria to justify the performance of
actions that have predictable results of both a desired good and an unintended & unavoidable evil
consequence. These criteria include: intentionality, proportionality, direct cause, and disallowing
intrinsically evil acts
Nonmaleficence - correct answer ✔a principle that emphasizes the importance of not doing harm to
another person. Often considered a "negative duty"
Paternalism - correct answer ✔an approach to medical decisions that emphasizes the authority of the
medical professional to make decisions for the patient. The professional should act according to what
his or her own opinion is best for the patient
Paradigm - correct answer ✔a particular pattern or framework that is considered as very important to
understanding of larger reality. Often understood as a worldview that molds our perception of things
principalism - correct answer ✔an approach to medical ethics that emphasizes the 4 principles of
Autonomy, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, and Justice. It asserts that the right moral decision in a
complete solution 2025/2026
Autonomy - correct answer ✔a principle that emphasizes free will and self-determination of the
patient as the criteria for all decisions
Beneficence - correct answer ✔a positive duty to promote the well-being of other persons
Casuistry - correct answer ✔an approach to ethics that studies the application of common (shared)
morally relevant precepts (& duties) of particular paradigm cases to discern how they might apply in a
specific case of moral uncertainty
Double effect - correct answer ✔a principle that identifies certain criteria to justify the performance of
actions that have predictable results of both a desired good and an unintended & unavoidable evil
consequence. These criteria include: intentionality, proportionality, direct cause, and disallowing
intrinsically evil acts
Nonmaleficence - correct answer ✔a principle that emphasizes the importance of not doing harm to
another person. Often considered a "negative duty"
Paternalism - correct answer ✔an approach to medical decisions that emphasizes the authority of the
medical professional to make decisions for the patient. The professional should act according to what
his or her own opinion is best for the patient
Paradigm - correct answer ✔a particular pattern or framework that is considered as very important to
understanding of larger reality. Often understood as a worldview that molds our perception of things
principalism - correct answer ✔an approach to medical ethics that emphasizes the 4 principles of
Autonomy, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, and Justice. It asserts that the right moral decision in a
