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Hopkins GEOG 1111 Final (Unit 5)
Questions and Correct Answers
soil Answer: the fine material covering the Earth's
surface composed of both mineral
& organic material;
dirt vs. soil Answer: dirt is soil without the organic
material
weathering Answer: provides the raw (parent)
materials for soil formation and development
The processes by which rocks are chemically altered or
physically broken into fragments as a result of
exposure to atmospheric agents and the pressures &
temperatures at or near the Earth's surface, with little
or no transportation of the loosened or altered
materials.
2 types of weathering Answer: mechanical (physical)
and chemical
Pretest - Stuvia US
,2
mechanical (physical) weathering Answer: the
breakdown or disintegration of rocks into smaller
fragments by physical processes
no chemical alteration
chemical weathering Answer: the breakdown or
disintegration of rocks into smaller fragments through
chemical alteration
dissolving of the rock
regolith Answer: by-products of weathering
the partially weathered rock below the surface which
overalls the bedrock
Pretest - Stuvia US
,3
may in time become parent material, soil, or exposed
at the surface
parent material Answer: by-products of weathering
regolith
unconsolidated material, from organic and mineral
sources, that is the basis of soil development/formation
soil characteristics Answer: soil profile
soil horizon
soil properties
soil profile Answer: soil characteristics
Pretest - Stuvia US
, 4
the array of soil layers; their sequence from the top
(surface) to the bottom (bedrock)
soil horizon Answer: soil characteristics
a distinct layer of soil within the soil profile
soil properties Answer: color
structure
porosity
texture (clay, sand, silt)
Pretest - Stuvia US
Hopkins GEOG 1111 Final (Unit 5)
Questions and Correct Answers
soil Answer: the fine material covering the Earth's
surface composed of both mineral
& organic material;
dirt vs. soil Answer: dirt is soil without the organic
material
weathering Answer: provides the raw (parent)
materials for soil formation and development
The processes by which rocks are chemically altered or
physically broken into fragments as a result of
exposure to atmospheric agents and the pressures &
temperatures at or near the Earth's surface, with little
or no transportation of the loosened or altered
materials.
2 types of weathering Answer: mechanical (physical)
and chemical
Pretest - Stuvia US
,2
mechanical (physical) weathering Answer: the
breakdown or disintegration of rocks into smaller
fragments by physical processes
no chemical alteration
chemical weathering Answer: the breakdown or
disintegration of rocks into smaller fragments through
chemical alteration
dissolving of the rock
regolith Answer: by-products of weathering
the partially weathered rock below the surface which
overalls the bedrock
Pretest - Stuvia US
,3
may in time become parent material, soil, or exposed
at the surface
parent material Answer: by-products of weathering
regolith
unconsolidated material, from organic and mineral
sources, that is the basis of soil development/formation
soil characteristics Answer: soil profile
soil horizon
soil properties
soil profile Answer: soil characteristics
Pretest - Stuvia US
, 4
the array of soil layers; their sequence from the top
(surface) to the bottom (bedrock)
soil horizon Answer: soil characteristics
a distinct layer of soil within the soil profile
soil properties Answer: color
structure
porosity
texture (clay, sand, silt)
Pretest - Stuvia US
