UWSA 2 MAIN EXAMS SETS UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔what does primase do? - ✔✔lays down the primer
✔✔what kind of tremor is in parkinsons and what improves it? mnemoinc? - ✔✔resting
tremor, improved with movement
when you PARK your car it is at REST
✔✔which topoisomerases are present in prokaryotes and names? - ✔✔topoisomerase
2; - gyrase
topoisomerase 4
✔✔which DNA replication enzymes are only in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - ✔✔DNA
pol 1 and 3 - pro only
telomerase - euk only
✔✔what does telomerase add to the ends of DNA? sequence - ✔✔TTAGGG
✔✔which abx can not be used for PNA and why? - ✔✔daptomycin;
surfactant binds
✔✔MOA of quinolone resistance? - ✔✔efflux pumps
✔✔what do stellate cells do in cirrhosis? - ✔✔form the fibrosis
✔✔what form the nodules in cirrhosis? - ✔✔regenerative hepatocytes
✔✔what are stellate cells also called? - ✔✔cells of Ito
✔✔where are stellate cells found? - ✔✔beneath endothelial cells in space of Disse
✔✔most common bacterial STI in US? - ✔✔Chlyamida
✔✔what can PID lead to and name? - ✔✔fitz-hugh-curtis syndrome;
inflammation of the liver capsule with adhesions to the peritoneum
✔✔be on the lookout for unprotected sex and PID - ✔✔
✔✔they wont tell you someone just fathered a child if he has low sperm count - ✔✔
,✔✔what doesnt develop in kallman syndrome? - ✔✔GnRH releasing olfactoy bulbs
✔✔what inhibits complex 3 of the ETC? - ✔✔antimycin
✔✔what pressure defines compartment syndrome? - ✔✔pressure gradient between
diastolic and the compartment < 30 mmHg
✔✔what can cause compartment syndrome? - ✔✔long bone fx
venom
reperfusion injury
✔✔when is plantar fasciitis worse? - ✔✔in the morning
or after inactivity
✔✔what tendons are involved in dequervain tenosynovitis? - ✔✔abductor policus
longus
extensor pollicus brevis
✔✔what are shin splints called? - ✔✔medial tibial stress syndrome
✔✔what cause shin splints? - ✔✔bone resorption outpaces bone formation
✔✔what determines cerebral perfusion? - ✔✔MAP - ICP
✔✔how is developmental dysplasia of the hip dx by PE and imaging? why - ✔✔PE -
barlow and ortalini
US - as cartillage doesnt ossify until 3-4 mo
✔✔which ion dominates the membrane potential during depolarization? - ✔✔sodium
✔✔what does dopamine beta hydroxylase do? what does it not do? - ✔✔BREAKDOWN
dopamine into NE, does not make dopamine
✔✔how will a dopamine Beta hydroxylase deficiency present? - ✔✔orthostatic
hypotension
✔✔what is a finding reduced in SCID? where are they seen? what are they - ✔✔TRECs
-
T cell receptor excision circles;
circular DNA formed as t cells rearrange their TCRs
, ✔✔what will happen to the kidney if perfusion through the renal artery is decreased? -
✔✔both RPF and GFR will decrease, but GFR will decrease less so because efferent
clamping
✔✔what are the responses by the kidney to decreased perfusion/ - ✔✔afferent dilation
efferent constriction
✔✔will the GFR ever increase in renal hypoperfusion? what will - ✔✔never, but the FF
will because GFR will decrease less than RPF
✔✔what influences GFR? - ✔✔glomerular capillary filtration coefficient
✔✔what is the glomerular capillary filtration coefficient based on and what diseases
change it? - ✔✔based on fluid permeability and surface area of glomerular capillary;
can be changed by HTN and DM
✔✔how is RPF measured? - ✔✔PAH
✔✔what happens to heart parameters as rate increases in experiments vs real life and
why? - ✔✔SV volume falls, less filling time in experiments due to less filling time;
but CO rises in reality
this is because;
SANS increases contractility when it increases HR, which increases the SV
✔✔is sunlight exposure ever a treatment? - ✔✔rarely
✔✔what is a skin condition seen in the elderly and where and when? - ✔✔xerosis /
asteatotic dermatitis
seen on the shins of the elderly in winter months
✔✔what is xerosis / asteatotic dermtitis? and what causes it and whats the treatment? -
✔✔dry, itchy skin;
loss of fatty acids and sterols from the stratum corneum allows water loss;
treat with aggressive mosturization
✔✔what process occurs in menopause? - ✔✔atresia
✔✔what is atresia? - ✔✔the process by which non dominant ovarian follicles undergo
APOPTOSIS
ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔what does primase do? - ✔✔lays down the primer
✔✔what kind of tremor is in parkinsons and what improves it? mnemoinc? - ✔✔resting
tremor, improved with movement
when you PARK your car it is at REST
✔✔which topoisomerases are present in prokaryotes and names? - ✔✔topoisomerase
2; - gyrase
topoisomerase 4
✔✔which DNA replication enzymes are only in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? - ✔✔DNA
pol 1 and 3 - pro only
telomerase - euk only
✔✔what does telomerase add to the ends of DNA? sequence - ✔✔TTAGGG
✔✔which abx can not be used for PNA and why? - ✔✔daptomycin;
surfactant binds
✔✔MOA of quinolone resistance? - ✔✔efflux pumps
✔✔what do stellate cells do in cirrhosis? - ✔✔form the fibrosis
✔✔what form the nodules in cirrhosis? - ✔✔regenerative hepatocytes
✔✔what are stellate cells also called? - ✔✔cells of Ito
✔✔where are stellate cells found? - ✔✔beneath endothelial cells in space of Disse
✔✔most common bacterial STI in US? - ✔✔Chlyamida
✔✔what can PID lead to and name? - ✔✔fitz-hugh-curtis syndrome;
inflammation of the liver capsule with adhesions to the peritoneum
✔✔be on the lookout for unprotected sex and PID - ✔✔
✔✔they wont tell you someone just fathered a child if he has low sperm count - ✔✔
,✔✔what doesnt develop in kallman syndrome? - ✔✔GnRH releasing olfactoy bulbs
✔✔what inhibits complex 3 of the ETC? - ✔✔antimycin
✔✔what pressure defines compartment syndrome? - ✔✔pressure gradient between
diastolic and the compartment < 30 mmHg
✔✔what can cause compartment syndrome? - ✔✔long bone fx
venom
reperfusion injury
✔✔when is plantar fasciitis worse? - ✔✔in the morning
or after inactivity
✔✔what tendons are involved in dequervain tenosynovitis? - ✔✔abductor policus
longus
extensor pollicus brevis
✔✔what are shin splints called? - ✔✔medial tibial stress syndrome
✔✔what cause shin splints? - ✔✔bone resorption outpaces bone formation
✔✔what determines cerebral perfusion? - ✔✔MAP - ICP
✔✔how is developmental dysplasia of the hip dx by PE and imaging? why - ✔✔PE -
barlow and ortalini
US - as cartillage doesnt ossify until 3-4 mo
✔✔which ion dominates the membrane potential during depolarization? - ✔✔sodium
✔✔what does dopamine beta hydroxylase do? what does it not do? - ✔✔BREAKDOWN
dopamine into NE, does not make dopamine
✔✔how will a dopamine Beta hydroxylase deficiency present? - ✔✔orthostatic
hypotension
✔✔what is a finding reduced in SCID? where are they seen? what are they - ✔✔TRECs
-
T cell receptor excision circles;
circular DNA formed as t cells rearrange their TCRs
, ✔✔what will happen to the kidney if perfusion through the renal artery is decreased? -
✔✔both RPF and GFR will decrease, but GFR will decrease less so because efferent
clamping
✔✔what are the responses by the kidney to decreased perfusion/ - ✔✔afferent dilation
efferent constriction
✔✔will the GFR ever increase in renal hypoperfusion? what will - ✔✔never, but the FF
will because GFR will decrease less than RPF
✔✔what influences GFR? - ✔✔glomerular capillary filtration coefficient
✔✔what is the glomerular capillary filtration coefficient based on and what diseases
change it? - ✔✔based on fluid permeability and surface area of glomerular capillary;
can be changed by HTN and DM
✔✔how is RPF measured? - ✔✔PAH
✔✔what happens to heart parameters as rate increases in experiments vs real life and
why? - ✔✔SV volume falls, less filling time in experiments due to less filling time;
but CO rises in reality
this is because;
SANS increases contractility when it increases HR, which increases the SV
✔✔is sunlight exposure ever a treatment? - ✔✔rarely
✔✔what is a skin condition seen in the elderly and where and when? - ✔✔xerosis /
asteatotic dermatitis
seen on the shins of the elderly in winter months
✔✔what is xerosis / asteatotic dermtitis? and what causes it and whats the treatment? -
✔✔dry, itchy skin;
loss of fatty acids and sterols from the stratum corneum allows water loss;
treat with aggressive mosturization
✔✔what process occurs in menopause? - ✔✔atresia
✔✔what is atresia? - ✔✔the process by which non dominant ovarian follicles undergo
APOPTOSIS
