Psychology: A Concise Introduction
5th Edition: Chapter 5 Exam
With answers
Sensory Memory (SM) - answer-The set of sensory registers, one for each of our
senses, that serve as holding places for incoming sensory information until it can be
attended to, interpreted, and encoded into short-term memory.
Iconic Memory - answer-The visual sensory register that holds an exact copy of the
incoming visual input but only for a brief period of time, less than 1 second.
Temporal Integration Procedure - answer-An experimental procedure in which two
meaningless visual patterns that produce a meaningful pattern if integrated are
presented sequentially with the time delay between their presentations varied.
Sperling's Full-Report Procedure - answer-An experimental procedure in which,
following the brief presentation of a matrix of unrelated consonants, the participant has
to attempt to recall all of the letters in the matrix.
Sperling's Partial-Report Procedure - answer-An experimental procedure in which,
following the brief presentation of a matrix of unrelated consonants, the participant is
given an auditory cue about which row of the matrix to recall.
Short-Term Memory (STM) - answer-The memory stage with a small capacity (7 ± 2
chunks) and brief duration (< 30 seconds) that we are consciously aware of and in
which we do our problem solving, reasoning, and decision making.
Memory Span Task - answer-A memory task in which the participant is given a series of
items one at a time and then has to recall the items in the order in which they were
presented.
Memory Span - answer-The average number of items an individual can remember
across a series of memory span trials.
Chunk - answer-A meaningful unit in a person's memory.
, Distractor Task - answer-A memory task in which a small amount of information is
briefly presented and then the participant is distracted from rehearsing the information
for a variable period of time, after which the participant has to recall the information.
Maintenance Rehearsal - answer-A type of rehearsal in short-term memory in which the
information is repeated over and over again in order to maintain it.
Working Memory - answer-A more detailed version of short-term memory that includes
the mechanisms that allow short-term memory to accomplish its tasks.
Phonological Loop - answer-Allows you to work with verbal information for a short
period of time. It is what allows us to repeat the phone number in the maintenance
rehearsal example over and over in order to maintain it.
Visuospatial Sketchpad - answer-Works with visual and spatial information, such as the
figures and illustrations on a page in this book, as well as their spatial positions on the
page.
Episodic Buffer - answer-Integrates information from the phonological loop, the
visuospatial sketchpad, and long-term memory, such as the integration of the visual
information of your teacher writing on the blackboard, the verbal input from his lecture,
and the meaning of all of this input from long-term memory. It is called the episodic
buffer because it represents a temporary storage place (a buffer) for the integrated
representation of what is happening at any moment in time (an episode).
Central Executive - answer-Responsible for coordinating the activities of and distributing
resources to the other three components so that the work (the processing and
manipulation of information) can be optimally accomplished. It is also the mechanism for
controlling our attention and communicating with long-term memory. In brief, he is the
CEO of working memory.
Long-Term Memory (LTM) - answer-The memory stage in which information is stored
for a long period of time (perhaps permanently) and whose capacity is essentially
unlimited.
Explicit (Declarative) Memory - answer-Long-term memory for factual knowledge and
personal experiences. This type of memory requires a conscious effort to remember
and entails making declarations about the information remembered.
Semantic Memory - answer-Explicit memory for factual knowledge
5th Edition: Chapter 5 Exam
With answers
Sensory Memory (SM) - answer-The set of sensory registers, one for each of our
senses, that serve as holding places for incoming sensory information until it can be
attended to, interpreted, and encoded into short-term memory.
Iconic Memory - answer-The visual sensory register that holds an exact copy of the
incoming visual input but only for a brief period of time, less than 1 second.
Temporal Integration Procedure - answer-An experimental procedure in which two
meaningless visual patterns that produce a meaningful pattern if integrated are
presented sequentially with the time delay between their presentations varied.
Sperling's Full-Report Procedure - answer-An experimental procedure in which,
following the brief presentation of a matrix of unrelated consonants, the participant has
to attempt to recall all of the letters in the matrix.
Sperling's Partial-Report Procedure - answer-An experimental procedure in which,
following the brief presentation of a matrix of unrelated consonants, the participant is
given an auditory cue about which row of the matrix to recall.
Short-Term Memory (STM) - answer-The memory stage with a small capacity (7 ± 2
chunks) and brief duration (< 30 seconds) that we are consciously aware of and in
which we do our problem solving, reasoning, and decision making.
Memory Span Task - answer-A memory task in which the participant is given a series of
items one at a time and then has to recall the items in the order in which they were
presented.
Memory Span - answer-The average number of items an individual can remember
across a series of memory span trials.
Chunk - answer-A meaningful unit in a person's memory.
, Distractor Task - answer-A memory task in which a small amount of information is
briefly presented and then the participant is distracted from rehearsing the information
for a variable period of time, after which the participant has to recall the information.
Maintenance Rehearsal - answer-A type of rehearsal in short-term memory in which the
information is repeated over and over again in order to maintain it.
Working Memory - answer-A more detailed version of short-term memory that includes
the mechanisms that allow short-term memory to accomplish its tasks.
Phonological Loop - answer-Allows you to work with verbal information for a short
period of time. It is what allows us to repeat the phone number in the maintenance
rehearsal example over and over in order to maintain it.
Visuospatial Sketchpad - answer-Works with visual and spatial information, such as the
figures and illustrations on a page in this book, as well as their spatial positions on the
page.
Episodic Buffer - answer-Integrates information from the phonological loop, the
visuospatial sketchpad, and long-term memory, such as the integration of the visual
information of your teacher writing on the blackboard, the verbal input from his lecture,
and the meaning of all of this input from long-term memory. It is called the episodic
buffer because it represents a temporary storage place (a buffer) for the integrated
representation of what is happening at any moment in time (an episode).
Central Executive - answer-Responsible for coordinating the activities of and distributing
resources to the other three components so that the work (the processing and
manipulation of information) can be optimally accomplished. It is also the mechanism for
controlling our attention and communicating with long-term memory. In brief, he is the
CEO of working memory.
Long-Term Memory (LTM) - answer-The memory stage in which information is stored
for a long period of time (perhaps permanently) and whose capacity is essentially
unlimited.
Explicit (Declarative) Memory - answer-Long-term memory for factual knowledge and
personal experiences. This type of memory requires a conscious effort to remember
and entails making declarations about the information remembered.
Semantic Memory - answer-Explicit memory for factual knowledge
