Cornell Physiology Exam 3 ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What determines the flow of any fluid? - CORRECT ANSWERS The pressure gradient.
What is the pressure gradient? - CORRECT ANSWERS It is the difference between a
higher pressure and a lower pressure.
What is the relationship between the pressure gradient and blood flow? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood will flow automatically from regions of high pressure to regions of low
pressure.
The higher the pressure gradient, the __________ the blood will flow. - CORRECT
ANSWERS Faster
What is the relationship between blood flow and hydrostatic pressure? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood will flow from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure.
What is the relationship between blood flow and the length of the blood vessel? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood flow decreases as blood vessel length increases
What is the relationship between blood flow and resistance? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood flow decreases and resistance increases.
What is the relationship between blood flow and radius of the blood vessel? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood flow increases as the radius increases
,What is the relationship between blood flow and the blood viscosity? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood flow decreases as viscosity increases.
What are the internal heart valves? - CORRECT ANSWERS Atrioventricular valves,
semilunar valves, tricuspid valve, bicuspid valve (mitral valve), aortic value, and pulmonary
valve
Where are the atrioventricular valves? - CORRECT ANSWERS Between the atria and
ventricles
Where are the semilunar valves? - CORRECT ANSWERS between the ventricles and the
arteries
What is the function of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Prevent the backward flow of blood.
Where is the Tricuspid valve? - CORRECT ANSWERS Separates the right atrium and
right ventricle.
Where is the bicuspid (mitral) valve? - CORRECT ANSWERS Between the left atrium
and left ventricle.
Where is the aortic valve? - CORRECT ANSWERS Between the left ventricle and the
aorta
Where is the pulmonary valve? - CORRECT ANSWERS Between the right ventricle and
the pulmonary trunk.
, What is the function of the semilunar valves, the aortic and pulmonary valve? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Each semilunar valve has 3 cupcake leaflets that close when blood attempting
to flow back into the the ventricles fills them.
Which valves are open during atrial contraction? - CORRECT ANSWERS The AV valves
Which valves are open during ventricular contraction? - CORRECT ANSWERS The
semilunar valves
Which valves are open during ventricular filling? - CORRECT ANSWERS The AV valves
How do the AV valves open? - CORRECT ANSWERS When the pressure of the blood in
the atria becomes higher than the pressure inside the ventricles, the AV valves open.
How do the AV valves close? - CORRECT ANSWERS When the ventricles contract, the
papillary muscles in the ventricles contracts. The papillary muscles will pull on the chordae
tendinae, which will close the AV valves.
How do the semilunar valves open? - CORRECT ANSWERS When the ventricular
pressure is higher than the pulmonary trunk and aorta pressure, the semilunar valves open.
How do the semilunar valves close? - CORRECT ANSWERS When the ventricles are
finished contracting, the pressure inside the ventricles drops. That causes a slight backward
movement of blood, which forces the semilunar valves to close.
Mechanical events of the cardiac cycle - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Late diastole- both sets
of chambers are relaxed and ventricles fill passively.
2. Atrial systole- atrial contraction forces a small amount of additional blood into ventricles.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What determines the flow of any fluid? - CORRECT ANSWERS The pressure gradient.
What is the pressure gradient? - CORRECT ANSWERS It is the difference between a
higher pressure and a lower pressure.
What is the relationship between the pressure gradient and blood flow? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood will flow automatically from regions of high pressure to regions of low
pressure.
The higher the pressure gradient, the __________ the blood will flow. - CORRECT
ANSWERS Faster
What is the relationship between blood flow and hydrostatic pressure? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood will flow from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure.
What is the relationship between blood flow and the length of the blood vessel? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood flow decreases as blood vessel length increases
What is the relationship between blood flow and resistance? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood flow decreases and resistance increases.
What is the relationship between blood flow and radius of the blood vessel? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood flow increases as the radius increases
,What is the relationship between blood flow and the blood viscosity? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Blood flow decreases as viscosity increases.
What are the internal heart valves? - CORRECT ANSWERS Atrioventricular valves,
semilunar valves, tricuspid valve, bicuspid valve (mitral valve), aortic value, and pulmonary
valve
Where are the atrioventricular valves? - CORRECT ANSWERS Between the atria and
ventricles
Where are the semilunar valves? - CORRECT ANSWERS between the ventricles and the
arteries
What is the function of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Prevent the backward flow of blood.
Where is the Tricuspid valve? - CORRECT ANSWERS Separates the right atrium and
right ventricle.
Where is the bicuspid (mitral) valve? - CORRECT ANSWERS Between the left atrium
and left ventricle.
Where is the aortic valve? - CORRECT ANSWERS Between the left ventricle and the
aorta
Where is the pulmonary valve? - CORRECT ANSWERS Between the right ventricle and
the pulmonary trunk.
, What is the function of the semilunar valves, the aortic and pulmonary valve? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Each semilunar valve has 3 cupcake leaflets that close when blood attempting
to flow back into the the ventricles fills them.
Which valves are open during atrial contraction? - CORRECT ANSWERS The AV valves
Which valves are open during ventricular contraction? - CORRECT ANSWERS The
semilunar valves
Which valves are open during ventricular filling? - CORRECT ANSWERS The AV valves
How do the AV valves open? - CORRECT ANSWERS When the pressure of the blood in
the atria becomes higher than the pressure inside the ventricles, the AV valves open.
How do the AV valves close? - CORRECT ANSWERS When the ventricles contract, the
papillary muscles in the ventricles contracts. The papillary muscles will pull on the chordae
tendinae, which will close the AV valves.
How do the semilunar valves open? - CORRECT ANSWERS When the ventricular
pressure is higher than the pulmonary trunk and aorta pressure, the semilunar valves open.
How do the semilunar valves close? - CORRECT ANSWERS When the ventricles are
finished contracting, the pressure inside the ventricles drops. That causes a slight backward
movement of blood, which forces the semilunar valves to close.
Mechanical events of the cardiac cycle - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Late diastole- both sets
of chambers are relaxed and ventricles fill passively.
2. Atrial systole- atrial contraction forces a small amount of additional blood into ventricles.
