Chap 01 4e
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. What types of mutations are possible in viruses?
a. beneficial
b. neutral
c. harmful
d. All the given choices are correct.
e. None of the given choices are correct.
ANSWER: d
2. What does the acronym SARS stands for?
a. Serious Acute Respiratory Sickness
b. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
c. Severe Asian Respiratory Sickness
d. South Asian Respiratory Sickness
ANSWER: b
3. Which of the following may result in evolutionary change in a population?
a. genetic drift
b. natural selection
c. mutation
d. All the given choices are correct.
e. natural selection and mutation
ANSWER: d
4. Biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky wrote an essay in 1973 entitled "Nothing in ______ Makes Sense Except
in the Light of ______."
a. Evolution; Biology
b. Biology; Phylogenetics
c. Biology; Evolution
d. Genetics; Biology
ANSWER: c
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 4e
5. Mammary glands in whales and humans
a. were likely present in the most recent common ancestor of humans and whales.
b. are homologous traits.
c. A and B are correct.
d. None of the given choices are correct.
ANSWER: c
6. From examining the fossil record, scientists have postulated that long-term historic changes in cetacean
diversity depended on
a. changes in the abundance of diatoms, one of their main food sources.
b. changes in the abundance of diatoms, which serve as food for animals that were preyed upon by
cetaceans.
c. changes in sea temperature.
d. rising pollution levels in the ocean.
e. changes in the abundance of organisms that prey on cetaceans.
ANSWER: b
7. Drawing on your knowledge of evolution, why is treatment and/or vaccination against viruses particularly
difficult?
a. Their high replication rate increases the probability of beneficial mutations.
b. Their high mutation rate increases the probability of beneficial mutations.
c. Viral reassortment increases the pathogenicity of viruses.
d. Their high replication rate increases the probability of beneficial mutations, and their high mutation rate
increases the probability of beneficial mutations.
e. Their high replication rate increases the probability of beneficial mutations, their high mutation rate
increases the probability of beneficial mutations, and viral reassortment increases the pathogenicity of
viruses.
ANSWER: e
8. The spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2
a. allow the delivery of the virus DNA to the host cell.
b. allow the release of a new virus from the host cell.
c. bind to the ACE2 receptor of cells.
d. reside within the envelope of the virus.
ANSWER: c
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 4e
9. The placement of whales within the artiodactyls is supported by
a. morphology of limb bones (e.g., the astragalus) in extinct whales.
b. DNA evidence.
c. the fact that some artiodactyls (e.g., hippos) spend a significant amount of time in the water.
d. morphology of limb bones (e.g., the astragalus) in extinct whales and DNA evidence.
e. morphology of limb bones (e.g., the astragalus) in extinct whales, DNA evidence, and the fact that
some artiodactyls (e.g., hippos) spend a significant amount of time in the water.
ANSWER: d
10. Which of the following is not an example of evolution?
a. Beak size in a population of birds becomes larger from one generation to the next because larger
beaked birds had higher reproductive success and passed the trait to their offspring.
b. Over long periods of time, whales gradually lost their hindlimbs.
c. When humans travel to a high altitude, their physiology changes to accommodate lower oxygen levels.
d. None of the given choices are correct.
ANSWER: c
11. Spike proteins are
a. proteins on the viral surface used to aid the release of a new virus from the host cell.
b. proteins on the surface of host cells used in the immune response against viruses.
c. proteins on the viral surface used to aid in the entry of a virus into a host cell.
d. All the given choices are correct.
ANSWER: c
12. All the DNA in a cell is the cell’s
a. chromosome.
b. gene.
c. genome.
d. genus.
e. homology.
ANSWER: c
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, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 4e
13. What is the name of a SARS-CoV-2 variant?
a. Alpha
b. Delta
c. Omicron
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.
ANSWER: d
14. The conserved regions of coronaviruses’ spike proteins are potential targets for vaccines because they
a. have a wide variety of diversity.
b. bind to the ACE2 receptor on targeted host cells.
c. have changed little over thousands of years of evolution.
d. have no resistance to current vaccines.
e. None of the options are true.
ANSWER: c
15. The coronavirus that began to affect people in the city of Wuhan in China is
a. pneumonia.
b. COVID-19.
c. SARS-CoV.
d. SARS-CoV-2.
ANSWER: d
16. Which of the following is not a homology?
a. the fluke of a whale and the tail fin of a tuna
b. the mammary glands of a whale and of a platypus
c. the ectotympanic of a human and the ectotympanic of a whale
d. the lack of hind limbs in whales and dolphins
ANSWER: a
17. Given the phylogeny of extant and extinct cetaceans below, which of the following conclusions is correct?
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Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. What types of mutations are possible in viruses?
a. beneficial
b. neutral
c. harmful
d. All the given choices are correct.
e. None of the given choices are correct.
ANSWER: d
2. What does the acronym SARS stands for?
a. Serious Acute Respiratory Sickness
b. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
c. Severe Asian Respiratory Sickness
d. South Asian Respiratory Sickness
ANSWER: b
3. Which of the following may result in evolutionary change in a population?
a. genetic drift
b. natural selection
c. mutation
d. All the given choices are correct.
e. natural selection and mutation
ANSWER: d
4. Biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky wrote an essay in 1973 entitled "Nothing in ______ Makes Sense Except
in the Light of ______."
a. Evolution; Biology
b. Biology; Phylogenetics
c. Biology; Evolution
d. Genetics; Biology
ANSWER: c
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 4e
5. Mammary glands in whales and humans
a. were likely present in the most recent common ancestor of humans and whales.
b. are homologous traits.
c. A and B are correct.
d. None of the given choices are correct.
ANSWER: c
6. From examining the fossil record, scientists have postulated that long-term historic changes in cetacean
diversity depended on
a. changes in the abundance of diatoms, one of their main food sources.
b. changes in the abundance of diatoms, which serve as food for animals that were preyed upon by
cetaceans.
c. changes in sea temperature.
d. rising pollution levels in the ocean.
e. changes in the abundance of organisms that prey on cetaceans.
ANSWER: b
7. Drawing on your knowledge of evolution, why is treatment and/or vaccination against viruses particularly
difficult?
a. Their high replication rate increases the probability of beneficial mutations.
b. Their high mutation rate increases the probability of beneficial mutations.
c. Viral reassortment increases the pathogenicity of viruses.
d. Their high replication rate increases the probability of beneficial mutations, and their high mutation rate
increases the probability of beneficial mutations.
e. Their high replication rate increases the probability of beneficial mutations, their high mutation rate
increases the probability of beneficial mutations, and viral reassortment increases the pathogenicity of
viruses.
ANSWER: e
8. The spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2
a. allow the delivery of the virus DNA to the host cell.
b. allow the release of a new virus from the host cell.
c. bind to the ACE2 receptor of cells.
d. reside within the envelope of the virus.
ANSWER: c
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 4e
9. The placement of whales within the artiodactyls is supported by
a. morphology of limb bones (e.g., the astragalus) in extinct whales.
b. DNA evidence.
c. the fact that some artiodactyls (e.g., hippos) spend a significant amount of time in the water.
d. morphology of limb bones (e.g., the astragalus) in extinct whales and DNA evidence.
e. morphology of limb bones (e.g., the astragalus) in extinct whales, DNA evidence, and the fact that
some artiodactyls (e.g., hippos) spend a significant amount of time in the water.
ANSWER: d
10. Which of the following is not an example of evolution?
a. Beak size in a population of birds becomes larger from one generation to the next because larger
beaked birds had higher reproductive success and passed the trait to their offspring.
b. Over long periods of time, whales gradually lost their hindlimbs.
c. When humans travel to a high altitude, their physiology changes to accommodate lower oxygen levels.
d. None of the given choices are correct.
ANSWER: c
11. Spike proteins are
a. proteins on the viral surface used to aid the release of a new virus from the host cell.
b. proteins on the surface of host cells used in the immune response against viruses.
c. proteins on the viral surface used to aid in the entry of a virus into a host cell.
d. All the given choices are correct.
ANSWER: c
12. All the DNA in a cell is the cell’s
a. chromosome.
b. gene.
c. genome.
d. genus.
e. homology.
ANSWER: c
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 4e
13. What is the name of a SARS-CoV-2 variant?
a. Alpha
b. Delta
c. Omicron
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.
ANSWER: d
14. The conserved regions of coronaviruses’ spike proteins are potential targets for vaccines because they
a. have a wide variety of diversity.
b. bind to the ACE2 receptor on targeted host cells.
c. have changed little over thousands of years of evolution.
d. have no resistance to current vaccines.
e. None of the options are true.
ANSWER: c
15. The coronavirus that began to affect people in the city of Wuhan in China is
a. pneumonia.
b. COVID-19.
c. SARS-CoV.
d. SARS-CoV-2.
ANSWER: d
16. Which of the following is not a homology?
a. the fluke of a whale and the tail fin of a tuna
b. the mammary glands of a whale and of a platypus
c. the ectotympanic of a human and the ectotympanic of a whale
d. the lack of hind limbs in whales and dolphins
ANSWER: a
17. Given the phylogeny of extant and extinct cetaceans below, which of the following conclusions is correct?
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