NUR242 EXAM 2 GALEN MED-SURG TESTED (LATEST )
QUESTIONS WITH REVISED ANSWERS, (A+ GUARANTEE)
Magnesium enhances ______________ toxicity - CORRECT ANSWERS-digoxin
Hyper/hypo magnesiemia medications - CORRECT ANSWERS-Furosemide
Monitor IV infusion of mag, to rapid infusion may lead to ___________ or ____________
_____________ - CORRECT ANSWERS-cardiac or respiratory arrest
Chvostek and trousseau signs are often the signs of _____________________ or
____________________ - CORRECT ANSWERS-hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia
Sodium - CORRECT ANSWERS-135-145
Hypernatreamia causes - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Causes: Kidney failure, corticosteroids,
Cushing's syndrome or disease, excessive oral sodium ingestion, excessive administration of sodium-
containing IV fluids, dehydration, watery diarrhea
•Fever, hyperventilation, NPO, infection
Hyponatremia causes - CORRECT ANSWERS-excessive diaphoresis, diuretics, hyperlipidemia,
kidney disease, low salt diet, hyperglycemia, heart failure, kidney failure
Hypernatremia assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Assess vital sign for low BP, postural
hypotension
•Assess skin for poor turgor and dry/swollen tongue
•Assess LOC for agitation, lethargy , weakness
•Ask about thirst, sodium intake, water intake
•Determine if client is exhibiting hypernatremia with decreased or increased extracellular volume
,Hyponatremia assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Assess level of consciousness, (change in
neuro function may be first symptom from cerebral edema) for HA, Confusion, and irritability
Fluid overload medications - CORRECT ANSWERS-Furosemide
Mannitol
S/S of dehydration - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Vital signs: hyperthermia, ST, thread pulse,
hypotension, decrease CVP
•Neuromusculoskeletal: Dizziness, syncope, confusion, weakness, fatigue
•GI: thirst, dry furrowed tongue, N/V, anorexia, weight loss
•Renal: Oliguria
•Other signs: Diminish capillary refill, cool clammy skin, diaphoresis, sunken eyeballs, flat neck vein
Dehydration assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Assess for condition leading to dehydration:
diarrhea, poor intake, vigorous exercise, vomiting, polyuria, fluid losses (burns, trauma) clients with
drains/NG tube, burns/fluid shifts, overuse of diuretic
Dehydration labs - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Serum electrolytes (hypernatremia)
•Increased serum osmolality normal 275- 295 mOsm/kg; elevated > 295 found in dehydration; > 320 is
critical finding
•CBC elevated H/H
•Elevated urine specific gravity > 1.030
•Increased BUN
Dehydration interventions/goal - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Goal of interventions: replace fluid
and electrolytes to achieve homeostasis
•Closely monitor status and rehydration, avoid overcorrection
•Monitor I/O and weight
•Identify and manage cause- diarrhea, vomiting, blood loss, poor intake
•Oral rehydration is priority if tolerating PO fluids
, Dehydration priority interventions - CORRECT ANSWERS-•IV fluid
resuscitation/replacement, general guidelines
•Hypertonic dehydration- hypotonic fluids- D5W once dextrose is metabolized; 0.45% NaCL (1/2
normal saline)
•Isotonic dehydration: isotonic fluids (normal saline, lactated ringers)
•Hypotonic dehydration: hypertonic fluids (3% or 5% saline solution)
•Blood products in increased blood loss/trauma
•Medications to treat cause: antidiarrheal, anti emetic, AB, antipyretics
•Ingestion of food to replace electrolytes
Complications of dehydration - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Hypovolemia
•Hypovolemia shock
•Seizures/coma
•Multiorgan system failure
Dehydration medications - CORRECT ANSWERS-Diphenoxylate with atropine
Loperamide
Promethazine HCL
Acetaminophen
Causes of hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWERS-•increased intake of calcium, antacids,
thiazide, glucocorticoids, kidney disease, immobilization, calcium and vitamin D overdose, acidosis,
milk alkali syndrome, bone metastasis, hyperparathyroidism
Causes of hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWERS-low calcium intake, lactose intolerance,
Malabsorption syndrome (crohn's disease) End stage kidney disease, diarrhea, wound drainage
(especially GI)
Calcium - CORRECT ANSWERS-9-10.5
S/S of hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Vital signs: SB, low hypotension, weak pulses
QUESTIONS WITH REVISED ANSWERS, (A+ GUARANTEE)
Magnesium enhances ______________ toxicity - CORRECT ANSWERS-digoxin
Hyper/hypo magnesiemia medications - CORRECT ANSWERS-Furosemide
Monitor IV infusion of mag, to rapid infusion may lead to ___________ or ____________
_____________ - CORRECT ANSWERS-cardiac or respiratory arrest
Chvostek and trousseau signs are often the signs of _____________________ or
____________________ - CORRECT ANSWERS-hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia
Sodium - CORRECT ANSWERS-135-145
Hypernatreamia causes - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Causes: Kidney failure, corticosteroids,
Cushing's syndrome or disease, excessive oral sodium ingestion, excessive administration of sodium-
containing IV fluids, dehydration, watery diarrhea
•Fever, hyperventilation, NPO, infection
Hyponatremia causes - CORRECT ANSWERS-excessive diaphoresis, diuretics, hyperlipidemia,
kidney disease, low salt diet, hyperglycemia, heart failure, kidney failure
Hypernatremia assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Assess vital sign for low BP, postural
hypotension
•Assess skin for poor turgor and dry/swollen tongue
•Assess LOC for agitation, lethargy , weakness
•Ask about thirst, sodium intake, water intake
•Determine if client is exhibiting hypernatremia with decreased or increased extracellular volume
,Hyponatremia assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Assess level of consciousness, (change in
neuro function may be first symptom from cerebral edema) for HA, Confusion, and irritability
Fluid overload medications - CORRECT ANSWERS-Furosemide
Mannitol
S/S of dehydration - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Vital signs: hyperthermia, ST, thread pulse,
hypotension, decrease CVP
•Neuromusculoskeletal: Dizziness, syncope, confusion, weakness, fatigue
•GI: thirst, dry furrowed tongue, N/V, anorexia, weight loss
•Renal: Oliguria
•Other signs: Diminish capillary refill, cool clammy skin, diaphoresis, sunken eyeballs, flat neck vein
Dehydration assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Assess for condition leading to dehydration:
diarrhea, poor intake, vigorous exercise, vomiting, polyuria, fluid losses (burns, trauma) clients with
drains/NG tube, burns/fluid shifts, overuse of diuretic
Dehydration labs - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Serum electrolytes (hypernatremia)
•Increased serum osmolality normal 275- 295 mOsm/kg; elevated > 295 found in dehydration; > 320 is
critical finding
•CBC elevated H/H
•Elevated urine specific gravity > 1.030
•Increased BUN
Dehydration interventions/goal - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Goal of interventions: replace fluid
and electrolytes to achieve homeostasis
•Closely monitor status and rehydration, avoid overcorrection
•Monitor I/O and weight
•Identify and manage cause- diarrhea, vomiting, blood loss, poor intake
•Oral rehydration is priority if tolerating PO fluids
, Dehydration priority interventions - CORRECT ANSWERS-•IV fluid
resuscitation/replacement, general guidelines
•Hypertonic dehydration- hypotonic fluids- D5W once dextrose is metabolized; 0.45% NaCL (1/2
normal saline)
•Isotonic dehydration: isotonic fluids (normal saline, lactated ringers)
•Hypotonic dehydration: hypertonic fluids (3% or 5% saline solution)
•Blood products in increased blood loss/trauma
•Medications to treat cause: antidiarrheal, anti emetic, AB, antipyretics
•Ingestion of food to replace electrolytes
Complications of dehydration - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Hypovolemia
•Hypovolemia shock
•Seizures/coma
•Multiorgan system failure
Dehydration medications - CORRECT ANSWERS-Diphenoxylate with atropine
Loperamide
Promethazine HCL
Acetaminophen
Causes of hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWERS-•increased intake of calcium, antacids,
thiazide, glucocorticoids, kidney disease, immobilization, calcium and vitamin D overdose, acidosis,
milk alkali syndrome, bone metastasis, hyperparathyroidism
Causes of hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWERS-low calcium intake, lactose intolerance,
Malabsorption syndrome (crohn's disease) End stage kidney disease, diarrhea, wound drainage
(especially GI)
Calcium - CORRECT ANSWERS-9-10.5
S/S of hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWERS-•Vital signs: SB, low hypotension, weak pulses
