TAMU ANSC 303 Nutrition Exam 1 Questions AND Correct
Answers
________ is an enzyme produced by rumen microbes,
permitting the digestion of fibrous feeds containing cellulose.
- ✔✔cellulase
__________________ refers to the formulation and
preparation of diets to meet the needs of humans, whereas,
__________ refers to the formulation and preparation of diets
to meet the needs of animals. - ✔✔dietetics = humans
diet formulation = animals
3 major regions of the small intestine - ✔✔duodenum,
jejunum, and ileum
4 secretions from the stomach - ✔✔acid (HCl), buffer (HCO3 -),
enzymes, and mucus
abomasum - ✔✔known as the "true gastric stomach" of
ruminants, after the omasum, contains a large folds in the
fundus gland region.
,according to the textbook, the main site of digestion and
absorption for auto-enzymatic digester animals is the
________ - ✔✔small intestine
Active Transport - ✔✔transporter, requires energy, can but
does not have to go against the concentration gradient *ATP
is used*
alloenzymatic - ✔✔digestion accomplished in large part by
microbes
Alloenzymatic digestion - ✔✔digestion is accomplished in
large part by enzymes produced by microbes inhabiting the
gut
amylase - ✔✔enzyme for starch digestion, inactivated by low
pH of the stomach
anabolism - ✔✔the synthetic reaction that builds up
Anaerobic fermentation is basically the ________ pathway, by
which glucose is broke down into __________ _____. This gets
,fermented by rumen microbes into several short chain organic
acids called _________ ________ _____. - ✔✔glycolysis
pyruvic acid
volatile fatty acids
Animal scientist traditionally referred to autoenzymatic
digesters as __________, or ______________. -
✔✔monogastrics, non-ruminants
ATP - ✔✔compound used in animal metabolism as the energy
source for biochemical reactions
auto enzymatic - ✔✔digestive process carried out by enzymes
of mammalian origin
Autoenzymatic digestion - ✔✔digestive processes carried out
by enzymes that the animal secretes into the digestive tract
bacteria fermentation - ✔✔amylolytic, cellulolytic, and
proteolytic
, benefit of foregut fermentation - ✔✔microbial synthesis of
amino acids and vitamins
brush border - ✔✔site of nutrients absorption, top of the
enterocyte, consists of the microvilli and glycocalyx
Carbohydrates - ✔✔contain C,H,O, the basic energy source for
almost all animal life
an end product of photosynthesis
2 major types: starches and sugars (readily digestible
carbohydrates) and cellulosic compounds (resistant do
digestion)
carbohydrates - ✔✔produce ATP
cardiac - ✔✔compartment of stomach that contains columnar
epithelial cells
cardiac region - ✔✔adjacent to the esophageal region,
contains glands that release mucus, containing glycoproteins
and has an alkaline reaction to protect the stomach lining
from being digested by enzymes and strong acids.
Answers
________ is an enzyme produced by rumen microbes,
permitting the digestion of fibrous feeds containing cellulose.
- ✔✔cellulase
__________________ refers to the formulation and
preparation of diets to meet the needs of humans, whereas,
__________ refers to the formulation and preparation of diets
to meet the needs of animals. - ✔✔dietetics = humans
diet formulation = animals
3 major regions of the small intestine - ✔✔duodenum,
jejunum, and ileum
4 secretions from the stomach - ✔✔acid (HCl), buffer (HCO3 -),
enzymes, and mucus
abomasum - ✔✔known as the "true gastric stomach" of
ruminants, after the omasum, contains a large folds in the
fundus gland region.
,according to the textbook, the main site of digestion and
absorption for auto-enzymatic digester animals is the
________ - ✔✔small intestine
Active Transport - ✔✔transporter, requires energy, can but
does not have to go against the concentration gradient *ATP
is used*
alloenzymatic - ✔✔digestion accomplished in large part by
microbes
Alloenzymatic digestion - ✔✔digestion is accomplished in
large part by enzymes produced by microbes inhabiting the
gut
amylase - ✔✔enzyme for starch digestion, inactivated by low
pH of the stomach
anabolism - ✔✔the synthetic reaction that builds up
Anaerobic fermentation is basically the ________ pathway, by
which glucose is broke down into __________ _____. This gets
,fermented by rumen microbes into several short chain organic
acids called _________ ________ _____. - ✔✔glycolysis
pyruvic acid
volatile fatty acids
Animal scientist traditionally referred to autoenzymatic
digesters as __________, or ______________. -
✔✔monogastrics, non-ruminants
ATP - ✔✔compound used in animal metabolism as the energy
source for biochemical reactions
auto enzymatic - ✔✔digestive process carried out by enzymes
of mammalian origin
Autoenzymatic digestion - ✔✔digestive processes carried out
by enzymes that the animal secretes into the digestive tract
bacteria fermentation - ✔✔amylolytic, cellulolytic, and
proteolytic
, benefit of foregut fermentation - ✔✔microbial synthesis of
amino acids and vitamins
brush border - ✔✔site of nutrients absorption, top of the
enterocyte, consists of the microvilli and glycocalyx
Carbohydrates - ✔✔contain C,H,O, the basic energy source for
almost all animal life
an end product of photosynthesis
2 major types: starches and sugars (readily digestible
carbohydrates) and cellulosic compounds (resistant do
digestion)
carbohydrates - ✔✔produce ATP
cardiac - ✔✔compartment of stomach that contains columnar
epithelial cells
cardiac region - ✔✔adjacent to the esophageal region,
contains glands that release mucus, containing glycoproteins
and has an alkaline reaction to protect the stomach lining
from being digested by enzymes and strong acids.
