NUR 3219 - Module 11 Exam 3 Study
Guide Questions and Actual Answers
2025-2026.
Acute Coronary Syndrome - Answer -Prolonged ischemia; not immediately reversible;
includes:
Non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome
-Unstable angina and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)
ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
non-ST elevated and ST elevated
STEMI
ST elevation
NSTEMI - Answer Acute Coronary Syndrome
-Encompasses the spectrum of ___ & ___ myocardial infarctions
-Presentation of chest pain
-ST elevations on 12-lead ECG are most likely ___
-Compare to previous ECG
-___= potentially reversible myocardial injury
-Unstable angina or ___—may or may not have ST segment depression and/or T wave inversion
on EKG
-If not, evaluate serum cardiac biomarkers
Total coronary occlusion
hypoxic
lactic acid
circulation
reperfused - Answer Acute Coronary Syndrome:
-___: cellular response to O2 and glucose deprivation
-Heart muscle ___ within 10 seconds
-Anaerobic metabolism, increased ___
, Age • Gender • See Gender Differences • Ethnicity • Family history • Genetics
Modifiable Risk Factors:
Tobacco Use • Diet (High fat/Red meats) • Sedentary Lifestyle • Substance Abuse • Obesity •
Disease Management • Diabetes • Coagulation Problems • Hypertension
CAD
10
Unpredictable
depression
inversion - Answer ACS: Unstable Angina (UA)
Chest pain:
-New onset; occurs at rest; or with increasing frequency, duration, or less effort than chronic
stable angina pattern
-May be first clinical sign of ___
-Pain lasting > ___ minutes
-___; needs immediate treatment
-ECG may show ST ___ and/or T wave ___ = ischemic changes
ACS: Myocardial Infarction (MI) - Answer -ST-elevation and Non-ST-elevation MI
-Result of abrupt stoppage of blood flow through a coronary artery with a thrombus caused by
platelet aggregation, causing irreversible myocardial cell death (necrosis) Preexisting CAD
STEMI
NSTEMI - Answer ACS: Myocardial Infarction (MI)
-___ —occlusive thrombus; ST elevation in leads facing infarction
-___—non-occlusive thrombus
Acute Coronary Syndrome - Answer Diagnostic Studies
-Detailed health history
-12-lead ECG
-Compare new ECG to previous ECG
-Changes in QRS complex, ST segment, and T wave
Guide Questions and Actual Answers
2025-2026.
Acute Coronary Syndrome - Answer -Prolonged ischemia; not immediately reversible;
includes:
Non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome
-Unstable angina and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)
ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
non-ST elevated and ST elevated
STEMI
ST elevation
NSTEMI - Answer Acute Coronary Syndrome
-Encompasses the spectrum of ___ & ___ myocardial infarctions
-Presentation of chest pain
-ST elevations on 12-lead ECG are most likely ___
-Compare to previous ECG
-___= potentially reversible myocardial injury
-Unstable angina or ___—may or may not have ST segment depression and/or T wave inversion
on EKG
-If not, evaluate serum cardiac biomarkers
Total coronary occlusion
hypoxic
lactic acid
circulation
reperfused - Answer Acute Coronary Syndrome:
-___: cellular response to O2 and glucose deprivation
-Heart muscle ___ within 10 seconds
-Anaerobic metabolism, increased ___
, Age • Gender • See Gender Differences • Ethnicity • Family history • Genetics
Modifiable Risk Factors:
Tobacco Use • Diet (High fat/Red meats) • Sedentary Lifestyle • Substance Abuse • Obesity •
Disease Management • Diabetes • Coagulation Problems • Hypertension
CAD
10
Unpredictable
depression
inversion - Answer ACS: Unstable Angina (UA)
Chest pain:
-New onset; occurs at rest; or with increasing frequency, duration, or less effort than chronic
stable angina pattern
-May be first clinical sign of ___
-Pain lasting > ___ minutes
-___; needs immediate treatment
-ECG may show ST ___ and/or T wave ___ = ischemic changes
ACS: Myocardial Infarction (MI) - Answer -ST-elevation and Non-ST-elevation MI
-Result of abrupt stoppage of blood flow through a coronary artery with a thrombus caused by
platelet aggregation, causing irreversible myocardial cell death (necrosis) Preexisting CAD
STEMI
NSTEMI - Answer ACS: Myocardial Infarction (MI)
-___ —occlusive thrombus; ST elevation in leads facing infarction
-___—non-occlusive thrombus
Acute Coronary Syndrome - Answer Diagnostic Studies
-Detailed health history
-12-lead ECG
-Compare new ECG to previous ECG
-Changes in QRS complex, ST segment, and T wave
