WJEC Eduqas Level 3 Advanced GCE in Geography
Practice Exam
**Question 1.** Which coastal process is primarily responsible for the formation
of sea arches?
A) Longshore drift
B) Hydraulic action
C) Abrasion
D) Solution
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** Hydraulic action forces water into cracks in the rock, enlarging
them until an arch forms.
**Question 2.** In the littoral cell model, which of the following represents a
sediment sink?
A) Headland
B) River mouth
C) Beach
D) Offshore bar
**Answer:** C
**Explanation:** Beaches accumulate sand that is not readily transported further,
acting as a sink.
**Question 3.** Which rock type is most resistant to wave erosion?
A) Chalk
, WJEC Eduqas Level 3 Advanced GCE in Geography
Practice Exam
B) Sandstone
C) Granite
D) Shale
**Answer:** C
**Explanation:** Granite’s hardness and jointing pattern give it high resistance to
wave action.
**Question 4.** A groyne is most likely to cause which downstream effect?
A) Increased beach width
B) Sediment starvation
C) Higher cliff retreat rates
D) Reduced wave energy
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** Groynes trap sediment, starving downstream sections of sand.
**Question 5.** Soft engineering that involves adding sand to a beach is known
as:
A) Beach nourishment
B) Dune stabilization
C) Rock armour
D) Managed realignment
, WJEC Eduqas Level 3 Advanced GCE in Geography
Practice Exam
**Answer:** A
**Explanation:** Beach nourishment directly adds sediment to counteract
erosion.
**Question 6.** Managed realignment primarily aims to:
A) Build higher sea walls
B) Create new habitats inland
C) Increase tourism infrastructure
D) Prevent all erosion
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** By allowing land to be flooded, new wetlands and habitats can
develop.
**Question 7.** Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) emphasizes:
A) Single‑sector decision making
B) Short‑term profit over long‑term sustainability
C) Coordination among multiple stakeholders
D) Exclusive reliance on hard engineering
**Answer:** C
**Explanation:** ICZM seeks holistic, multi‑stakeholder approaches to coastal
issues.
, WJEC Eduqas Level 3 Advanced GCE in Geography
Practice Exam
**Question 8.** Which glacial erosional feature is formed by two cirques eroding
back‑to‑back?
A) Arête
B. U‑shaped valley
C) Drumlin
D) Kame
**Answer:** A
**Explanation:** An arête is a sharp ridge left when adjacent cirques cut into a
mountain.
**Question 9.** The primary mechanism of glacial abrasion is:
A) Freeze‑thaw weathering
B) Rock debris embedded in the ice acting like sandpaper
C) Subglacial meltwater flushing sediments
D) Chemical dissolution of bedrock
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** Debris at the glacier base grinds the substrate as the ice moves.
**Question 10.** A terminal moraine marks:
A) The highest point of a glacier’s accumulation zone
Practice Exam
**Question 1.** Which coastal process is primarily responsible for the formation
of sea arches?
A) Longshore drift
B) Hydraulic action
C) Abrasion
D) Solution
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** Hydraulic action forces water into cracks in the rock, enlarging
them until an arch forms.
**Question 2.** In the littoral cell model, which of the following represents a
sediment sink?
A) Headland
B) River mouth
C) Beach
D) Offshore bar
**Answer:** C
**Explanation:** Beaches accumulate sand that is not readily transported further,
acting as a sink.
**Question 3.** Which rock type is most resistant to wave erosion?
A) Chalk
, WJEC Eduqas Level 3 Advanced GCE in Geography
Practice Exam
B) Sandstone
C) Granite
D) Shale
**Answer:** C
**Explanation:** Granite’s hardness and jointing pattern give it high resistance to
wave action.
**Question 4.** A groyne is most likely to cause which downstream effect?
A) Increased beach width
B) Sediment starvation
C) Higher cliff retreat rates
D) Reduced wave energy
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** Groynes trap sediment, starving downstream sections of sand.
**Question 5.** Soft engineering that involves adding sand to a beach is known
as:
A) Beach nourishment
B) Dune stabilization
C) Rock armour
D) Managed realignment
, WJEC Eduqas Level 3 Advanced GCE in Geography
Practice Exam
**Answer:** A
**Explanation:** Beach nourishment directly adds sediment to counteract
erosion.
**Question 6.** Managed realignment primarily aims to:
A) Build higher sea walls
B) Create new habitats inland
C) Increase tourism infrastructure
D) Prevent all erosion
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** By allowing land to be flooded, new wetlands and habitats can
develop.
**Question 7.** Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) emphasizes:
A) Single‑sector decision making
B) Short‑term profit over long‑term sustainability
C) Coordination among multiple stakeholders
D) Exclusive reliance on hard engineering
**Answer:** C
**Explanation:** ICZM seeks holistic, multi‑stakeholder approaches to coastal
issues.
, WJEC Eduqas Level 3 Advanced GCE in Geography
Practice Exam
**Question 8.** Which glacial erosional feature is formed by two cirques eroding
back‑to‑back?
A) Arête
B. U‑shaped valley
C) Drumlin
D) Kame
**Answer:** A
**Explanation:** An arête is a sharp ridge left when adjacent cirques cut into a
mountain.
**Question 9.** The primary mechanism of glacial abrasion is:
A) Freeze‑thaw weathering
B) Rock debris embedded in the ice acting like sandpaper
C) Subglacial meltwater flushing sediments
D) Chemical dissolution of bedrock
**Answer:** B
**Explanation:** Debris at the glacier base grinds the substrate as the ice moves.
**Question 10.** A terminal moraine marks:
A) The highest point of a glacier’s accumulation zone
