April 2024 NCCAOM Biomed Trends -
Disorders Part 1 Exam-Graded A
People who have acne may develop issues with self-esteem and anxiety or even
depression. The cause of acne is multifactorial, but genetics seems to account for about
80%.
Allopurinal - ANS-treatment for chronic Gout; inhibits Xanthine Oxidase, which prevents
Uric Acid from building up and precipitating
Alopecia - ANS-hair loss from the body or the head. Causes are varied, but include
fungal infection, trauma, compulsive hair pulling, chemotherapy or radiation therapy and
nutritional deficiencies, such as iron deficiency.
Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) - ANS-a condition of inflammation of the skin. It is
characterized by itchy, red, vesicular, weepy rashes that can crust over. Often related to
hives or allergic reactions.
atrial fibrillation - ANS-the most common arrhythmia. A condition of atrial quivering that
results because the normal conduction from the SA node (pacemaker) is overwhelmed
by irregular electrical impulses coming from the root of the pulmonary vein.
Bradychardia vs Tachycardia - ANS-Bradychardia: low pulse rate. lower than 60bpm
Tachycardia: rapid heartbeat. more than 100 bpm
bradypnea - ANS-abnormally slow breathing
cardiac heart failure symptoms - ANS-
cause of bradycardia - ANS-heart rhythm abnormalities, certain medications
cause of bradypnea - ANS-sleep, drugs, alcohol, metabolic disorders
Cause of gout - ANS-Hyperuricemia due to renal abnormality or metabolic abnormality
(e.g. lacking enzyme uricase)
cause of tachycardia - ANS-anxiety,fever, pain, hypoxia, CNS problems
Cause of tachypnea - ANS-fever, anxiety, exercise, shock
celiac disease - ANS-malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten
, Cellulitis - ANS-a bacterial infection affecting the skin. It usually involves the dermis and
the hypodermis/subcutaneous fat layers. The most common bacteria are Streptococcus
and Staphylococcus aureus. It can at times spread rapidly and even disseminate into
the bloodstream, in what is called sepsis. In this case, may be life-threatening, and is
thus
a medical RED FLAG.
CHF pedal edema - ANS-
chicken pox (varicella) - ANS-diffuse vesicular rash on an erythematous base, and in
different stages of healing, usually with no fever
Crohns - ANS-inflammatory bowel disease, small intestine. s/s: diarrhea w/ steatorrhea
(unprocessed fats), abd pain RLQ, fatigue weight loss, dehydration, fever.
Complications: fistula, peritonitis. Rx: NPO, TPN, steroids, colectomy
Dangers of malignant hypertension - ANS-
detached retina - ANS-separation of the retina from the choroid in the back of the eye;
can be caused by injury, tumor, or hemorrhage
DVT (deep vein thrombosis) - ANS-formation of a blood clot in a deep vein of the body,
occuring most commonly in the legs or thighs
DVT risk factors - ANS-surgery, prior DVT, immobility, malignancy, hypercoaguable
states
ED - ANS-erectile dysfunction
endometriosis - ANS-Growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus
Glaucoma - ANS-increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and
optic nerve with loss of vision
Heart diseases - ANS-
Herpes zoster is contagious until - ANS-Scabs form
Hormones - ANS-
Hypertension - ANS-high blood pressure
Hypertension is what type of disorder? - ANS-High blood pressure is a cardiovascular
disorder
Disorders Part 1 Exam-Graded A
People who have acne may develop issues with self-esteem and anxiety or even
depression. The cause of acne is multifactorial, but genetics seems to account for about
80%.
Allopurinal - ANS-treatment for chronic Gout; inhibits Xanthine Oxidase, which prevents
Uric Acid from building up and precipitating
Alopecia - ANS-hair loss from the body or the head. Causes are varied, but include
fungal infection, trauma, compulsive hair pulling, chemotherapy or radiation therapy and
nutritional deficiencies, such as iron deficiency.
Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) - ANS-a condition of inflammation of the skin. It is
characterized by itchy, red, vesicular, weepy rashes that can crust over. Often related to
hives or allergic reactions.
atrial fibrillation - ANS-the most common arrhythmia. A condition of atrial quivering that
results because the normal conduction from the SA node (pacemaker) is overwhelmed
by irregular electrical impulses coming from the root of the pulmonary vein.
Bradychardia vs Tachycardia - ANS-Bradychardia: low pulse rate. lower than 60bpm
Tachycardia: rapid heartbeat. more than 100 bpm
bradypnea - ANS-abnormally slow breathing
cardiac heart failure symptoms - ANS-
cause of bradycardia - ANS-heart rhythm abnormalities, certain medications
cause of bradypnea - ANS-sleep, drugs, alcohol, metabolic disorders
Cause of gout - ANS-Hyperuricemia due to renal abnormality or metabolic abnormality
(e.g. lacking enzyme uricase)
cause of tachycardia - ANS-anxiety,fever, pain, hypoxia, CNS problems
Cause of tachypnea - ANS-fever, anxiety, exercise, shock
celiac disease - ANS-malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten
, Cellulitis - ANS-a bacterial infection affecting the skin. It usually involves the dermis and
the hypodermis/subcutaneous fat layers. The most common bacteria are Streptococcus
and Staphylococcus aureus. It can at times spread rapidly and even disseminate into
the bloodstream, in what is called sepsis. In this case, may be life-threatening, and is
thus
a medical RED FLAG.
CHF pedal edema - ANS-
chicken pox (varicella) - ANS-diffuse vesicular rash on an erythematous base, and in
different stages of healing, usually with no fever
Crohns - ANS-inflammatory bowel disease, small intestine. s/s: diarrhea w/ steatorrhea
(unprocessed fats), abd pain RLQ, fatigue weight loss, dehydration, fever.
Complications: fistula, peritonitis. Rx: NPO, TPN, steroids, colectomy
Dangers of malignant hypertension - ANS-
detached retina - ANS-separation of the retina from the choroid in the back of the eye;
can be caused by injury, tumor, or hemorrhage
DVT (deep vein thrombosis) - ANS-formation of a blood clot in a deep vein of the body,
occuring most commonly in the legs or thighs
DVT risk factors - ANS-surgery, prior DVT, immobility, malignancy, hypercoaguable
states
ED - ANS-erectile dysfunction
endometriosis - ANS-Growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus
Glaucoma - ANS-increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and
optic nerve with loss of vision
Heart diseases - ANS-
Herpes zoster is contagious until - ANS-Scabs form
Hormones - ANS-
Hypertension - ANS-high blood pressure
Hypertension is what type of disorder? - ANS-High blood pressure is a cardiovascular
disorder
