NURS 5461 EXAM 1 (LATEST 2025/2026 UPDATE) | QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADED A
Microcytic anemia -
Answer-iron deficiency, usually due to malabsorption / occult blood loss, or lead poisoning. MCV <80
Normocytic anemia -
Answer-due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MVC 80-92
macrocytic anemia -
Answer-due to folate or vitamin B12(cobalamin) deficiency (megaloblastic anemia)
/ pernicious anemia. /liver diseases
serum ferritin -
Answer-Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and serum iron levels will eventually fall.
Anemia of chronic disease -
Answer-NORMOcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and normal iron stores. Treat with epoetin and
give an iron supplement
Schistocytes -
Answer-Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome
pernicious anemia -
Answer-Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is essential to maturation of
erythrocytes - low levels will cause the RBC to expand. PPIs and histamine2 blockers can cause this.
Increased homocysteine & methylmalonic acid level indicates ? -
Answer-B12 deficiency
increased homocysteine levels -
Answer-Folate deficiency
,Sperocytes -
Answer-Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter, indicate immune- mediated process - can
be seen after blood transfusion
, aplastic anemia -
Answer-a normocytic anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells
Low ferritin -
Answer-iron deficiency anemia
Transferrin -
Answer-transports iron
TIBC (total iron binding capacity) -
Answer-Available transferrin that is left unbound (Represents the "empty seats on a train"). When iron is
low, TIBC will be high. When iron is high, TIBC will be low
MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) -
Answer-32 - 36 g/dL
Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC
Alzheimer's disease -
Answer-Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common form of dementia. Cholinesterase
inhibitors for early treatment.
Lewy body dementia -
Answer-usually a rapidly progressive form of dementia seen with Parkinson syndrome. - VISUAL
HALLUCINATION ARE SEEN.
frontal lobe dementia -
Answer-Seen before age 60 w personality impairments. PDG-PET Scan testing. -
decreased glucose uptake by the brain in frontal and temporal lobe
PDG-PET SCAN -
Answer-Measure brain metabolism of glucose. decreaesd uptake by temporal and parital lobe in
ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADED A
Microcytic anemia -
Answer-iron deficiency, usually due to malabsorption / occult blood loss, or lead poisoning. MCV <80
Normocytic anemia -
Answer-due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MVC 80-92
macrocytic anemia -
Answer-due to folate or vitamin B12(cobalamin) deficiency (megaloblastic anemia)
/ pernicious anemia. /liver diseases
serum ferritin -
Answer-Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and serum iron levels will eventually fall.
Anemia of chronic disease -
Answer-NORMOcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and normal iron stores. Treat with epoetin and
give an iron supplement
Schistocytes -
Answer-Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome
pernicious anemia -
Answer-Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is essential to maturation of
erythrocytes - low levels will cause the RBC to expand. PPIs and histamine2 blockers can cause this.
Increased homocysteine & methylmalonic acid level indicates ? -
Answer-B12 deficiency
increased homocysteine levels -
Answer-Folate deficiency
,Sperocytes -
Answer-Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter, indicate immune- mediated process - can
be seen after blood transfusion
, aplastic anemia -
Answer-a normocytic anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells
Low ferritin -
Answer-iron deficiency anemia
Transferrin -
Answer-transports iron
TIBC (total iron binding capacity) -
Answer-Available transferrin that is left unbound (Represents the "empty seats on a train"). When iron is
low, TIBC will be high. When iron is high, TIBC will be low
MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) -
Answer-32 - 36 g/dL
Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC
Alzheimer's disease -
Answer-Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common form of dementia. Cholinesterase
inhibitors for early treatment.
Lewy body dementia -
Answer-usually a rapidly progressive form of dementia seen with Parkinson syndrome. - VISUAL
HALLUCINATION ARE SEEN.
frontal lobe dementia -
Answer-Seen before age 60 w personality impairments. PDG-PET Scan testing. -
decreased glucose uptake by the brain in frontal and temporal lobe
PDG-PET SCAN -
Answer-Measure brain metabolism of glucose. decreaesd uptake by temporal and parital lobe in
