NURS231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM PREP
PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
NEW MODIFIED GRADED A+
When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, what best reflects the patient's fluid volume
status?
Select one:
1. Blood pressure and pulse
2. Intake, output, and daily weight
3. Abdominal girth and calf circumference
4. Serum potassium and sodium levels --CORRECT ANSWER--2. Intake, Output and Daily
Weight
Fatigue is characterized by what 3 things? --CORRECT ANSWER--1. perception of
generalized weakness
2. mental fatigue
3. decreased ability to complete activities
Fatigue is classified as a health problem if it persists for...
a. 1+ week
b. 2+ weeks
c. 3+ weeks
d. one month+ --CORRECT ANSWER--b. 2 weeks
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,There are 3 kinds of fatigue classifications. What are they? --CORRECT ANSWER--1.
Unknown etiology
2. Physiological (due to an imbalance in sleep, nutrition and activity)
3. Secondary (due to an underlying health condition)
At change-of-shift report, the nurse learns the medical diagnoses for four patients. Which
patient should the nurse assess MOST carefully for development of hyponatremia?
Select one:
1. Vomiting all day and not replacing any fluid
2. Tumor that secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
3. Tumor that secretes excessive aldosterone
4. Tumor that destroyed the posterior pituitary gland --CORRECT ANSWER--2. tumour that
secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Compensation mechanisms in the body for dehydration would include:
Select one:
1. Increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
2. Decreased aldosterone.
3. Slow, strong heart contraction
4. Peripheral vasodilation. --CORRECT ANSWER--1. increased antidiuretic hormone
Which of the following would result from a deficit of plasma proteins?
Select one:
1. Increased osmotic pressure
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,2. Increased hydrostatic pressure
3. Decreased osmotic pressure
4. Decreased hydrostatic pressure --CORRECT ANSWER--3. decreased osmotic pressure
Which substance directly controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts?
Select one:
1. Renin
2. Aldosterone
3. Angiotensin
4. Antidiuretic hormone --CORRECT ANSWER--4. antidiuretic hormone
Fatigue is classified as chronic if it persists for... --CORRECT ANSWER--6+ months
What are some physiological causes of fatigue (not related to health conditions, but
physiological processes themselves) --CORRECT ANSWER--1. buildup of metabolic
waste/waste products in the body
2. inflammatory process
3. an insufficient supply of nutrients needed for functioning
Which fatigue is resistant to treatment: temporary or chronic? --CORRECT ANSWER--
Chronic
What populations are at the highest risk for fatigue? --CORRECT ANSWER--Women, older
adults, and middle-aged adults
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, 2/3 of all chronic fatigue is related to which of the following (choose all that apply):
a. seasonal affective disorder
b. an underlying medical/psychiatric disorder
c. medication side effects
d. isolation/loneliness --CORRECT ANSWER--b. 2/3 of all chronic fatigue is related to
either the side effects of medications or an underlying diagnosis (secondary fatigue)
Under what circumstances do cells in the kidneys secrete renin?
1. Serum osmotic pressure increases.
2. Serum potassium levels are high
3. The urine pH decreases.
4. Blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases. --CORRECT ANSWER--4. blood flow in
the afferent arteriole decreases
What are interventions for a nursing assessment related to a patient complaining of fatigue? --
CORRECT ANSWER--- PQRSTU
- assess the impact on their daily life
- ask them to explain how it feels/subjective data
- observe their general appearance (facial expressions, hygiene)
- palpate lymph nodes and thyroid
- auscultate the lungs and heart
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PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
NEW MODIFIED GRADED A+
When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, what best reflects the patient's fluid volume
status?
Select one:
1. Blood pressure and pulse
2. Intake, output, and daily weight
3. Abdominal girth and calf circumference
4. Serum potassium and sodium levels --CORRECT ANSWER--2. Intake, Output and Daily
Weight
Fatigue is characterized by what 3 things? --CORRECT ANSWER--1. perception of
generalized weakness
2. mental fatigue
3. decreased ability to complete activities
Fatigue is classified as a health problem if it persists for...
a. 1+ week
b. 2+ weeks
c. 3+ weeks
d. one month+ --CORRECT ANSWER--b. 2 weeks
Page 1 of 107
,There are 3 kinds of fatigue classifications. What are they? --CORRECT ANSWER--1.
Unknown etiology
2. Physiological (due to an imbalance in sleep, nutrition and activity)
3. Secondary (due to an underlying health condition)
At change-of-shift report, the nurse learns the medical diagnoses for four patients. Which
patient should the nurse assess MOST carefully for development of hyponatremia?
Select one:
1. Vomiting all day and not replacing any fluid
2. Tumor that secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
3. Tumor that secretes excessive aldosterone
4. Tumor that destroyed the posterior pituitary gland --CORRECT ANSWER--2. tumour that
secretes excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Compensation mechanisms in the body for dehydration would include:
Select one:
1. Increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
2. Decreased aldosterone.
3. Slow, strong heart contraction
4. Peripheral vasodilation. --CORRECT ANSWER--1. increased antidiuretic hormone
Which of the following would result from a deficit of plasma proteins?
Select one:
1. Increased osmotic pressure
Page 2 of 107
,2. Increased hydrostatic pressure
3. Decreased osmotic pressure
4. Decreased hydrostatic pressure --CORRECT ANSWER--3. decreased osmotic pressure
Which substance directly controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts?
Select one:
1. Renin
2. Aldosterone
3. Angiotensin
4. Antidiuretic hormone --CORRECT ANSWER--4. antidiuretic hormone
Fatigue is classified as chronic if it persists for... --CORRECT ANSWER--6+ months
What are some physiological causes of fatigue (not related to health conditions, but
physiological processes themselves) --CORRECT ANSWER--1. buildup of metabolic
waste/waste products in the body
2. inflammatory process
3. an insufficient supply of nutrients needed for functioning
Which fatigue is resistant to treatment: temporary or chronic? --CORRECT ANSWER--
Chronic
What populations are at the highest risk for fatigue? --CORRECT ANSWER--Women, older
adults, and middle-aged adults
Page 3 of 107
, 2/3 of all chronic fatigue is related to which of the following (choose all that apply):
a. seasonal affective disorder
b. an underlying medical/psychiatric disorder
c. medication side effects
d. isolation/loneliness --CORRECT ANSWER--b. 2/3 of all chronic fatigue is related to
either the side effects of medications or an underlying diagnosis (secondary fatigue)
Under what circumstances do cells in the kidneys secrete renin?
1. Serum osmotic pressure increases.
2. Serum potassium levels are high
3. The urine pH decreases.
4. Blood flow in the afferent arteriole decreases. --CORRECT ANSWER--4. blood flow in
the afferent arteriole decreases
What are interventions for a nursing assessment related to a patient complaining of fatigue? --
CORRECT ANSWER--- PQRSTU
- assess the impact on their daily life
- ask them to explain how it feels/subjective data
- observe their general appearance (facial expressions, hygiene)
- palpate lymph nodes and thyroid
- auscultate the lungs and heart
Page 4 of 107
