Psych 101 Exam 2||NEWEST EXAM
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What is developmental psychology? -CORRECT ANSWERStudy of how people grow
and change throughout their lifespan, including physical, cognitive, social, intellectual,
perceptual, personality, and emotional growth
What are cross-sectional studies? -CORRECT ANSWERResearch that compares
people of different ages at the same point in time. Snapshot of a point in time.
What are longitudinal studies? -CORRECT ANSWERResearch that follows and retests
the same
people over time. Change at an individual level.
What's the main limitation of cross-sectional studies? -CORRECT ANSWERDon't
address differences between generations, May provide misleading
results about development.
What's is stage development? -CORRECT ANSWERChildren in each stage are similar
to each other and different from children in other stages. Children move between stages
due to biological maturation
What is continuous development? -CORRECT ANSWERexperience and learning
development is a slow, continuous shaping process
What is the end of history illusion? -CORRECT ANSWERWe tend to believe that we
have grown significantly over the years to become the person we are today and we will
not see this much growth in the future.
What abilities do newborns have? -CORRECT ANSWERBabies are born with abilities,
many
of which are associated with survival. Mostly reflexes (Escaping painful stimuli and
seeking out breast milk)
How do we study newborns' abilities? -CORRECT ANSWERPacifier use (pacifier use
slows when
seeing something interesting) and Attention (what babies look at and for
how long)
What is habituation, and how do we see it in newborns? -CORRECT ANSWERstimulus
has less effect on us the more that we're exposed to it, babies will show less interest in
things they have seen before
, What do we know about newborns and facial preferences? -CORRECT
ANSWERNewborns (less than an hour old) show a strong preference for looking at
human faces, They can see 8-12 inches which is the ideal distance to see a face
What is infant temperament, and what are the three types? -CORRECT ANSWERThis
is a consistent pattern of activity, mood, and adjustment. 3 types are Easy, Slow-to-
warm, and Difficult.
What are zygotes? -CORRECT ANSWERthe single cell formed by the union of a sperm
and an egg during fertilization
What are fetuses? -CORRECT ANSWERStage after embryo, from about 9 weeks till
birth
What are embryos? -CORRECT ANSWERAn early stage of development (2nd), from a
fertilized egg (zygote) until the major body structures are formed (fetus). From
conception to fetus (about 8 weeks)
What are teratogens and what do they do? -CORRECT ANSWEREnvironmental agents
or substances that can cause developmental abnormalities, harm, or birth defects in a
fetus
What is maturation? -CORRECT ANSWERThe sequence of biological growth that
occurs
How do babies' brains develop? -CORRECT ANSWERMost neurons are created before
birth, newborns have rapid increase of neuron connection
How does motor development occur? -CORRECT ANSWERDevelop as the nervous
system and the muscles mature, universal in sequence but not timing, guided by genes
and influenced by the environment
What does the biopsychosocial model tell us about brain development in children? -
CORRECT ANSWERYou need all three perspectives to explain development, not just
one.
What are schemas? -CORRECT ANSWERConcept or framework that organizes and
interprets information
What is assimilation? -CORRECT ANSWEREncounter new information that is
consistent with schemas, add the additional information to schema
What is accommodation? -CORRECT ANSWEREncounter new information that is NOT
consistent with schemas, change schema to adapt to the new information
UPLOAD||
What is developmental psychology? -CORRECT ANSWERStudy of how people grow
and change throughout their lifespan, including physical, cognitive, social, intellectual,
perceptual, personality, and emotional growth
What are cross-sectional studies? -CORRECT ANSWERResearch that compares
people of different ages at the same point in time. Snapshot of a point in time.
What are longitudinal studies? -CORRECT ANSWERResearch that follows and retests
the same
people over time. Change at an individual level.
What's the main limitation of cross-sectional studies? -CORRECT ANSWERDon't
address differences between generations, May provide misleading
results about development.
What's is stage development? -CORRECT ANSWERChildren in each stage are similar
to each other and different from children in other stages. Children move between stages
due to biological maturation
What is continuous development? -CORRECT ANSWERexperience and learning
development is a slow, continuous shaping process
What is the end of history illusion? -CORRECT ANSWERWe tend to believe that we
have grown significantly over the years to become the person we are today and we will
not see this much growth in the future.
What abilities do newborns have? -CORRECT ANSWERBabies are born with abilities,
many
of which are associated with survival. Mostly reflexes (Escaping painful stimuli and
seeking out breast milk)
How do we study newborns' abilities? -CORRECT ANSWERPacifier use (pacifier use
slows when
seeing something interesting) and Attention (what babies look at and for
how long)
What is habituation, and how do we see it in newborns? -CORRECT ANSWERstimulus
has less effect on us the more that we're exposed to it, babies will show less interest in
things they have seen before
, What do we know about newborns and facial preferences? -CORRECT
ANSWERNewborns (less than an hour old) show a strong preference for looking at
human faces, They can see 8-12 inches which is the ideal distance to see a face
What is infant temperament, and what are the three types? -CORRECT ANSWERThis
is a consistent pattern of activity, mood, and adjustment. 3 types are Easy, Slow-to-
warm, and Difficult.
What are zygotes? -CORRECT ANSWERthe single cell formed by the union of a sperm
and an egg during fertilization
What are fetuses? -CORRECT ANSWERStage after embryo, from about 9 weeks till
birth
What are embryos? -CORRECT ANSWERAn early stage of development (2nd), from a
fertilized egg (zygote) until the major body structures are formed (fetus). From
conception to fetus (about 8 weeks)
What are teratogens and what do they do? -CORRECT ANSWEREnvironmental agents
or substances that can cause developmental abnormalities, harm, or birth defects in a
fetus
What is maturation? -CORRECT ANSWERThe sequence of biological growth that
occurs
How do babies' brains develop? -CORRECT ANSWERMost neurons are created before
birth, newborns have rapid increase of neuron connection
How does motor development occur? -CORRECT ANSWERDevelop as the nervous
system and the muscles mature, universal in sequence but not timing, guided by genes
and influenced by the environment
What does the biopsychosocial model tell us about brain development in children? -
CORRECT ANSWERYou need all three perspectives to explain development, not just
one.
What are schemas? -CORRECT ANSWERConcept or framework that organizes and
interprets information
What is assimilation? -CORRECT ANSWEREncounter new information that is
consistent with schemas, add the additional information to schema
What is accommodation? -CORRECT ANSWEREncounter new information that is NOT
consistent with schemas, change schema to adapt to the new information
