BIO 431 Final Exam Questions with
Complete Solutions
What effect does surfactant have on water? - ANSWER-decreases surface tension
of water
Which class of hormones is derived from cholesterol? - ANSWER-Steroid
The hormones released by the posterior pituitary are - ANSWER-ADH and Oxytocin
Which of the following hormones is produced by gonadotrophs?
A) FSH
B) hGH
C) PRL
D) ACTH
E) TSH - ANSWER-A) FSH
Where would you find corticotrophs and gonadotrophs? - ANSWER-anterior pituitary
Prolactin is a nontropic hormone because - ANSWER-it stimulates an exocrine gland
Which layer of the adrenal gland secretes mineralcorticoids? - ANSWER-zona
glomerulosa
Which of the following structures directly controls the pituitary?
a) pineal gland
b) hypothalamus
c) thyroid
d) thymus - ANSWER-b) hypothalamus
Which of the following is the target of ACTH?
a) Thyroid gland
b) Adrenal medulla
c) Adrenal cortex
d) None of the above - ANSWER-C) adrenal cortex
The digestion of _________ starts in the mouth. - ANSWER-carbohydrates and
lipids
Which of the following is true of the absorptive (fed) state:
a) Protein is the main energy source.
b) Glycogen is the main energy source.
c) Glucose is the main energy source. - ANSWER-glucose is the main energy source
, Where does the urea excreted come from? - ANSWER-break down of amino acids
Which of the following describes the location of the kidneys?
a) Between T10 and T 12
b) Peritoneal
c) Protected by the 11th and 12th ribs
d) All of the above are true - ANSWER-c) protected by the 11th and 12th ribs
Which of the following is NOT a part of the filtration membrane?
a) The parietal layer of the glomerular capsule
b) The podocytes
c) The basement membrane of the glomerulus
d) The endothelial cells of the glomerulus - ANSWER-A) the parietal layer of the
glomerular capsule
Which of the following regions of the nephron may sometimes be found in the renal
medulla?
a) Proximal convoluted tubule
b) Distal convoluted tubule
c) Glomerulus
d) Nephron loop - ANSWER-D) Nephron Loop
Which of the following function to respond to ADH and aldosterone?
a) Intercalated cells
b) Principal cells
c) Parietal cells
d) None of the above - ANSWER-b) Principal cells
Which of the following describes the reaction catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase?
a) Combines water and carbon dioxide
b) Combines water and oxygen
c) Splits water
d) Combines sodium and carbon dioxide - ANSWER-a) combines water and carbon
dioxide
Which of the following would decrease urine output?
a) High ADH
b) Low ADH
c) None of the above - ANSWER-a) high ADH
Name the type of epithelium found in the bladder. - ANSWER-transitional
Which of the following does NOT play a role in the movement of urine through the
ureters?
a) Peristalsis
b) Segmentation
c) Gravity
d) Hydrostatic pressure - ANSWER-b) segmentation
The most abundant cation in the intracellular fluid is - ANSWER-potassium
Complete Solutions
What effect does surfactant have on water? - ANSWER-decreases surface tension
of water
Which class of hormones is derived from cholesterol? - ANSWER-Steroid
The hormones released by the posterior pituitary are - ANSWER-ADH and Oxytocin
Which of the following hormones is produced by gonadotrophs?
A) FSH
B) hGH
C) PRL
D) ACTH
E) TSH - ANSWER-A) FSH
Where would you find corticotrophs and gonadotrophs? - ANSWER-anterior pituitary
Prolactin is a nontropic hormone because - ANSWER-it stimulates an exocrine gland
Which layer of the adrenal gland secretes mineralcorticoids? - ANSWER-zona
glomerulosa
Which of the following structures directly controls the pituitary?
a) pineal gland
b) hypothalamus
c) thyroid
d) thymus - ANSWER-b) hypothalamus
Which of the following is the target of ACTH?
a) Thyroid gland
b) Adrenal medulla
c) Adrenal cortex
d) None of the above - ANSWER-C) adrenal cortex
The digestion of _________ starts in the mouth. - ANSWER-carbohydrates and
lipids
Which of the following is true of the absorptive (fed) state:
a) Protein is the main energy source.
b) Glycogen is the main energy source.
c) Glucose is the main energy source. - ANSWER-glucose is the main energy source
, Where does the urea excreted come from? - ANSWER-break down of amino acids
Which of the following describes the location of the kidneys?
a) Between T10 and T 12
b) Peritoneal
c) Protected by the 11th and 12th ribs
d) All of the above are true - ANSWER-c) protected by the 11th and 12th ribs
Which of the following is NOT a part of the filtration membrane?
a) The parietal layer of the glomerular capsule
b) The podocytes
c) The basement membrane of the glomerulus
d) The endothelial cells of the glomerulus - ANSWER-A) the parietal layer of the
glomerular capsule
Which of the following regions of the nephron may sometimes be found in the renal
medulla?
a) Proximal convoluted tubule
b) Distal convoluted tubule
c) Glomerulus
d) Nephron loop - ANSWER-D) Nephron Loop
Which of the following function to respond to ADH and aldosterone?
a) Intercalated cells
b) Principal cells
c) Parietal cells
d) None of the above - ANSWER-b) Principal cells
Which of the following describes the reaction catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase?
a) Combines water and carbon dioxide
b) Combines water and oxygen
c) Splits water
d) Combines sodium and carbon dioxide - ANSWER-a) combines water and carbon
dioxide
Which of the following would decrease urine output?
a) High ADH
b) Low ADH
c) None of the above - ANSWER-a) high ADH
Name the type of epithelium found in the bladder. - ANSWER-transitional
Which of the following does NOT play a role in the movement of urine through the
ureters?
a) Peristalsis
b) Segmentation
c) Gravity
d) Hydrostatic pressure - ANSWER-b) segmentation
The most abundant cation in the intracellular fluid is - ANSWER-potassium
