(AFOQT) Physical Science ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Absolute Zero - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The lowest possible temperature (-273.15
degrees Celsius)
Atmospheric Pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The pressure exerted by the gases in the
air. Units of measurement are kilopascal (kPa), atmospheres (atm), millimeters of mercury
(mm Hg) and Torr. Standard atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, 1 atm, 760 mm Hg or 760
Torr.
What is the standard atmospheric pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅100 kPa, 1 atm,
760 mm Hg or 760 Torr.
Atom - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The smallest particle of an element; a nucleus and its
surrounding electrons
Atomic mass - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The mass of an atom measured in atomic mass
units (amu). An atomic mass unit is equal to one twelfth of the carbon- 12. Atomic mass is
now more generally used instead of atomic weight. Example: the atomic mass of chlorine is
about 35 amu.
Atomic number - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Also known as proton number, it is the
number of electrons or the number of protons in an atom. Example: the atomic number of
gold is 79.
Atomic weight - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A common term used to mean the average
molar mass of an element. This is the mass per mole of atoms. Example: the atomic weight of
chlorine is about 35 g/mol.
Boiling point - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The temperature at which a substance undergoes
a phase change from a liquid to a gas.
Phase Changes - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Freezing, melting, condensation, vaporization,
sublimation, and deposition.
,Freezing - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes from a liquid to a solid
Melting - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes from solid to liquid
Condensation - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes from gas to liquid
Vaporization - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes from a liquid to a gas
Sublimation - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes directly from solid into gas
without undergoing liquid phase
Deposition - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes directly from a gas to a solid
without going through the liquid phase
Celcius Scale (degrees Celsius) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A temperature scale on which
the freezing point of water is at 0 degrees and the normal boiling point at standard
atmospheric pressure is 100 degrees
Change of state - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A change between two of the three states of
matter, solid, liquid and gas. Example: when water evaporates it changes from a liquid to a
gaseous state
Compound - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A chemical consisting of two or more elements
chemically bonded together. Example: Calcium can combine with carbon and oxygen to
make calcium carbonate, a compound of all three elements
Conduction - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅(i) the exchange of heat (heat conduction) by
contact with another object, or (ii) allowing the flow of electrons (electrical conduction)
Convection - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The exchange of heat energy with the surroundings
produced by the flow of a fluid due to being heated or cooled
, Decay (radioactive decay) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The way that a radioactive element
changes into another element due to loss of mass through radiation. Example: uranium 238
decays with the loss of an alpha particle to form thorium 234
Density - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The mass per unit volume (g/cm(cubed))
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The slow mixing of one substance with another until
the two substances are evenly mixed. Mixing occurs because of differences in concentration
within the mixture. Diffusion works rapidly with gases, very slowly with liquids.
Dissolve - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅To break down a substance in a solution without
causing a reaction
Electrical potential - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The energy produced by an electrochemical
cell and measured by the voltage or electromotive force (emf)
Electron - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A tiny, negatively charged particle that is part of an
atom. The flow of electrons through a solid material such as wire produces an electric current
Element - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler
substance by a chemical means. Examples: calcium, iron and gold.
Explosive - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A substance which, when a shock is applied to it,
decomposes very rapidly, releasing a very large amount of heat and creating a large volume
of gases as a shock wave.
Fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Able to flow, either liquid or a gas.
Freezing point - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The temperature at which a substance
undergoes a phase change from a liquid to a solid. It is the same temperature as the melting
point.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Absolute Zero - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The lowest possible temperature (-273.15
degrees Celsius)
Atmospheric Pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The pressure exerted by the gases in the
air. Units of measurement are kilopascal (kPa), atmospheres (atm), millimeters of mercury
(mm Hg) and Torr. Standard atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, 1 atm, 760 mm Hg or 760
Torr.
What is the standard atmospheric pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅100 kPa, 1 atm,
760 mm Hg or 760 Torr.
Atom - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The smallest particle of an element; a nucleus and its
surrounding electrons
Atomic mass - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The mass of an atom measured in atomic mass
units (amu). An atomic mass unit is equal to one twelfth of the carbon- 12. Atomic mass is
now more generally used instead of atomic weight. Example: the atomic mass of chlorine is
about 35 amu.
Atomic number - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Also known as proton number, it is the
number of electrons or the number of protons in an atom. Example: the atomic number of
gold is 79.
Atomic weight - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A common term used to mean the average
molar mass of an element. This is the mass per mole of atoms. Example: the atomic weight of
chlorine is about 35 g/mol.
Boiling point - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The temperature at which a substance undergoes
a phase change from a liquid to a gas.
Phase Changes - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Freezing, melting, condensation, vaporization,
sublimation, and deposition.
,Freezing - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes from a liquid to a solid
Melting - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes from solid to liquid
Condensation - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes from gas to liquid
Vaporization - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes from a liquid to a gas
Sublimation - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes directly from solid into gas
without undergoing liquid phase
Deposition - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Substance changes directly from a gas to a solid
without going through the liquid phase
Celcius Scale (degrees Celsius) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A temperature scale on which
the freezing point of water is at 0 degrees and the normal boiling point at standard
atmospheric pressure is 100 degrees
Change of state - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A change between two of the three states of
matter, solid, liquid and gas. Example: when water evaporates it changes from a liquid to a
gaseous state
Compound - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A chemical consisting of two or more elements
chemically bonded together. Example: Calcium can combine with carbon and oxygen to
make calcium carbonate, a compound of all three elements
Conduction - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅(i) the exchange of heat (heat conduction) by
contact with another object, or (ii) allowing the flow of electrons (electrical conduction)
Convection - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The exchange of heat energy with the surroundings
produced by the flow of a fluid due to being heated or cooled
, Decay (radioactive decay) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The way that a radioactive element
changes into another element due to loss of mass through radiation. Example: uranium 238
decays with the loss of an alpha particle to form thorium 234
Density - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The mass per unit volume (g/cm(cubed))
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The slow mixing of one substance with another until
the two substances are evenly mixed. Mixing occurs because of differences in concentration
within the mixture. Diffusion works rapidly with gases, very slowly with liquids.
Dissolve - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅To break down a substance in a solution without
causing a reaction
Electrical potential - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The energy produced by an electrochemical
cell and measured by the voltage or electromotive force (emf)
Electron - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A tiny, negatively charged particle that is part of an
atom. The flow of electrons through a solid material such as wire produces an electric current
Element - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler
substance by a chemical means. Examples: calcium, iron and gold.
Explosive - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅A substance which, when a shock is applied to it,
decomposes very rapidly, releasing a very large amount of heat and creating a large volume
of gases as a shock wave.
Fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Able to flow, either liquid or a gas.
Freezing point - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅The temperature at which a substance
undergoes a phase change from a liquid to a solid. It is the same temperature as the melting
point.
