COMLEX Level 2 biostats + ethics
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Bias introduced into a study when a clinician is aware of the patient's treatment type. -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Observational bias
Bias introduced when screening detects a diseae earlier and thus lengthens the time from
diagnosis to death. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Lead-time bias
If you want to know if geographical location affects infant mortality rate but most variation in
infant mortality is predicted by socioeconomic status, then socioeconomic status is a _____. -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Confounding variable/factor
The proportion of people who have the disease and test positive is known as the ___. -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅sensitivity
Sensitive tests have few false negatives and are used to rule ___ a disease. - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Out (i.e. PPD test)
Chronic diseases such as SLE. Higher prevalence or incidence? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Higher prevalence
Epidemics such as influenza. Higher prevalence or incidence? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Higher incidence
Incidence or prevalence: Cross-sectional study. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Prevalence
Incidence or prevalence: Cohort study. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Incidence and
prevalence
Incidence or prevalence: Case-control study. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Neither.
, A test that consistently gives identical wrong results is ___ reliability/precision and ___
validity/accuracy. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅high, low
An ___ ratio is an estimate of relative risk when the disease prevalence is low. - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Odds
What is the difference in risk in the exposed and unexposed groups called? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Attributable risk
The most common cancer in men is ___. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅prostate cancer
Most common cause of cancer death in men is ___. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅lung
cancer
What is the percentage of cases within 1, 2, and 3 standard deviations of the mean? -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅68%; 95.4%; 99.7%
Birth rate is number of live births per ___ in 1 year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅1000
Death rate is number of deaths per ___ in 1 year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅1000
Neonatal mortality rate is the number of deaths from births to ___ days per 1000 live births in
1 year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅28
Infants mortality rate is the number of deaths from births to ___ year per 1000 live births in 1
year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅1
Maternal mortality rate is the number of deaths during pregnancy to ___ days postpartum per
100,000 live births in 1 year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅42
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Bias introduced into a study when a clinician is aware of the patient's treatment type. -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Observational bias
Bias introduced when screening detects a diseae earlier and thus lengthens the time from
diagnosis to death. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Lead-time bias
If you want to know if geographical location affects infant mortality rate but most variation in
infant mortality is predicted by socioeconomic status, then socioeconomic status is a _____. -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Confounding variable/factor
The proportion of people who have the disease and test positive is known as the ___. -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅sensitivity
Sensitive tests have few false negatives and are used to rule ___ a disease. - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Out (i.e. PPD test)
Chronic diseases such as SLE. Higher prevalence or incidence? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Higher prevalence
Epidemics such as influenza. Higher prevalence or incidence? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Higher incidence
Incidence or prevalence: Cross-sectional study. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Prevalence
Incidence or prevalence: Cohort study. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Incidence and
prevalence
Incidence or prevalence: Case-control study. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Neither.
, A test that consistently gives identical wrong results is ___ reliability/precision and ___
validity/accuracy. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅high, low
An ___ ratio is an estimate of relative risk when the disease prevalence is low. - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Odds
What is the difference in risk in the exposed and unexposed groups called? - CORRECT
ANSWERS✅✅Attributable risk
The most common cancer in men is ___. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅prostate cancer
Most common cause of cancer death in men is ___. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅lung
cancer
What is the percentage of cases within 1, 2, and 3 standard deviations of the mean? -
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅68%; 95.4%; 99.7%
Birth rate is number of live births per ___ in 1 year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅1000
Death rate is number of deaths per ___ in 1 year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅1000
Neonatal mortality rate is the number of deaths from births to ___ days per 1000 live births in
1 year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅28
Infants mortality rate is the number of deaths from births to ___ year per 1000 live births in 1
year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅1
Maternal mortality rate is the number of deaths during pregnancy to ___ days postpartum per
100,000 live births in 1 year. - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅42
