ASTRO 250 EXAM PENN STATE WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS #12
Newton's first law of motion - correct answer an object at rest or in motion in a straight
line at a constant speed will remain in that state unless acted upon by a force
Newton's second law of motion - correct answer The acceleration of a body due to a
force will be in the same direction as the force, with a magnitude inversely proportional
to its mass
Newton's third law of motion - correct answer for every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction
Force equation - correct answer force = mass * acceleration
The force of gravity by the sun keeps the planets in orbit around it, but how do the
planets affect the sun? - correct answer they exert an equally strong pull on the sun,
causing it to move slightly
If i apply exactly the same amount of force to a pebble and a boulder what will happen?
- correct answer the pebble will move faster
Weight formula - correct answer weight = mass x gravity
How high are you jumping at 2x earth's mass? - correct answer half as high
Since the jump height is half as high what does that tell us about the gravity? - correct
answer gravity is twice as much
Gravity equation - correct answer gravity = m/r^2
What causes seasons - correct answer the planet's tilt with respect to plane in which
they orbit the sun
Equinox - correct answer 12 hours of day, 12 hours of night
What day do the equinoxes fall on and what months - correct answer the 21st of
September and March
Solstice - correct answer longest and shortest days of the year
Day and month each solstice falls on - correct answer December 21st, June 21st
Two moons of mars - correct answer Phobos and deimos
, Solar eclipse - correct answer Occurs during moon's 'new' phase when moon lies in
direct line between sun and earth
Lunar eclipse - correct answer Occurs when moons is opposite the sun from earth or
during the full moon phase
Moons phases in order, counter-clockwise - correct answer new moon → waxing
crescent → first quarter moon → waxing gibbous → full moon → waning gibbous → last
quarter moon → waning crescent → new moon (repeat)
How many phases a week does the moon go through - correct answer approx 2
How much is the moon illuminated at all times - correct answer 50%
Waning - correct answer less illuminated in coming days
Waxing - correct answer more illuminated in coming days
How long is the moon in transit for - correct answer 6 hours
When does the moon rise and set for a full moon - correct answer 6am and 6pm
Where does moon rise and set - correct answer rises in east, sets in west
Why doesn't a full eclipse occur every month? - correct answer moon's orbit around the
Earth is tilted 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the sun
What affects the gravity of a planet - correct answer mass (more = more gravity) and
radius (bigger = less gravity)
Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation - correct answer The force of gravity is
proportional
To (mass of object 1) × (mass of object
2) divided by the distance between the two objects
SQUARED.
What causes day and night? - correct answer rotation of earth on its axis
How is the Earth's axis tilted when we have summer in
The Northern hemisphere? - correct answer With the North pole toward the Sun
What happens to the moon in 1 month? - correct answer It moves once around the
Earth.
What causes the phases of the Moon? - correct answer Sun is lighting
Different fractions of the part of the Moon that we see
VERIFIED ANSWERS #12
Newton's first law of motion - correct answer an object at rest or in motion in a straight
line at a constant speed will remain in that state unless acted upon by a force
Newton's second law of motion - correct answer The acceleration of a body due to a
force will be in the same direction as the force, with a magnitude inversely proportional
to its mass
Newton's third law of motion - correct answer for every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction
Force equation - correct answer force = mass * acceleration
The force of gravity by the sun keeps the planets in orbit around it, but how do the
planets affect the sun? - correct answer they exert an equally strong pull on the sun,
causing it to move slightly
If i apply exactly the same amount of force to a pebble and a boulder what will happen?
- correct answer the pebble will move faster
Weight formula - correct answer weight = mass x gravity
How high are you jumping at 2x earth's mass? - correct answer half as high
Since the jump height is half as high what does that tell us about the gravity? - correct
answer gravity is twice as much
Gravity equation - correct answer gravity = m/r^2
What causes seasons - correct answer the planet's tilt with respect to plane in which
they orbit the sun
Equinox - correct answer 12 hours of day, 12 hours of night
What day do the equinoxes fall on and what months - correct answer the 21st of
September and March
Solstice - correct answer longest and shortest days of the year
Day and month each solstice falls on - correct answer December 21st, June 21st
Two moons of mars - correct answer Phobos and deimos
, Solar eclipse - correct answer Occurs during moon's 'new' phase when moon lies in
direct line between sun and earth
Lunar eclipse - correct answer Occurs when moons is opposite the sun from earth or
during the full moon phase
Moons phases in order, counter-clockwise - correct answer new moon → waxing
crescent → first quarter moon → waxing gibbous → full moon → waning gibbous → last
quarter moon → waning crescent → new moon (repeat)
How many phases a week does the moon go through - correct answer approx 2
How much is the moon illuminated at all times - correct answer 50%
Waning - correct answer less illuminated in coming days
Waxing - correct answer more illuminated in coming days
How long is the moon in transit for - correct answer 6 hours
When does the moon rise and set for a full moon - correct answer 6am and 6pm
Where does moon rise and set - correct answer rises in east, sets in west
Why doesn't a full eclipse occur every month? - correct answer moon's orbit around the
Earth is tilted 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the sun
What affects the gravity of a planet - correct answer mass (more = more gravity) and
radius (bigger = less gravity)
Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation - correct answer The force of gravity is
proportional
To (mass of object 1) × (mass of object
2) divided by the distance between the two objects
SQUARED.
What causes day and night? - correct answer rotation of earth on its axis
How is the Earth's axis tilted when we have summer in
The Northern hemisphere? - correct answer With the North pole toward the Sun
What happens to the moon in 1 month? - correct answer It moves once around the
Earth.
What causes the phases of the Moon? - correct answer Sun is lighting
Different fractions of the part of the Moon that we see
