NR 224: FINAL EXAM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED)

NR 224: FINAL EXAM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% PASS (A+ CERTIFIED) 1. What is the most effective method to prevent the transfer of clostridium difficile (C. Difficile) Correct Answer HAND HYGIENE with soap and water is effective to physically remove C. difficile spores from the hands. (Potter 1092) 2. What is the term for the [abnormal] method used to assist in stool passage by exerting pressure to expel fecal matter through voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining a forced expiration against a closed airway Correct Answer Valsalva Manuever *Normal passage of bowels should be painless, passing soft formed stool* 3. Which patients are at greatest risk for cardiac dysrhythmia and high blood pressure with the Valsalva manuever and MUST avoid straining to pass stool?- : Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound (Potter 1089) 4. What is the term for a collection of hardened feces in the rectum that cannot be expelled due to unrelieved constipation Correct Answer Fecal Impaction 5. Where does fecal impaction occur in the colon Correct Answer Rectum 6. Least formed stool is present in which portion of the digestive tract Correct Answer Ascending Colon 7. Most formed stool is present in which portion of the digestive tract Correct Answer Descending Colon 8. Which position should the patient be in while administering an enema Correct Answer Left Side-Lying or Sim's Position 9. Which factors would contribute to stopping enema administration Correct Answer If bleeding occurs, abdomen becomes rigid and distended, pain occurs, or resistance is felt 10. Which enema solution is the safest for administration because it does NOT create a danger for excess fluid absorption Correct Answer Normal Saline [Isotonic Solution] 11. Which enema solution is contraindicated in patients who are dehydrated or young infants because of risk for fluid imbalance Correct Answer Hypertonic Solution 12. Which enema solution is considered to be hypotonic and should NOT be repeated because of the risk of water toxicity or circulatory overload if and because the body absorbs excessive amounts of water Correct Answer Tap Water [Hypotonic Solution] 13. Which enema solution lubricates the rectum and allows the feces to absorb the oil making them soft and easier to pass Correct Answer Oil Retention 14. Which enema solution creates intestinal irritation to stimulate peristalsis by using castile soap Correct Answer Soapsuds 15. Which enema solution should used in caution in pregnant women and elderly because it may cause an electrolyte imbalance or damage to intestinal mucosa Correct Answer Soapsuds 16. Which laboratory test is used to measure microscopic amounts of blood in the feces (blood that cannot be seen): Guaiac Fecal Occult Blood Test Repeat the test at least three times while the patient refrains from ingesting foods (e.g., some raw vegetables, red meat, poultry, fish) and medications (e.g., vitamin C, aspirin, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) that cause false-positive results (Potter 1100) 17. When analyzing a fecal specimens for ova and parasites, what is required of the stool Correct Answer The stool MUST be warm. If the stool specimen remains at room temperature, bacteriological changes can alter the test results 18. Which cathartic form is most effective because of its stimulant effect on the rectal mucosa (Example: Dulcolax) Correct Answer Cathartic Suppositories 19. Which foods induce a constipating effect Correct Answer cheese, lean meats, eggs, and pasta 20. Which food induce a laxative effect Correct Answer fruits, vegetables, bran, chocolate, alcohol, and coffee 21. What are the assessment findings of a normal stoma Correct Answer bright pink or brick red Notify HCP of stoma is blue, purple, brown, or black which indicates circulation problem to the stoma 22. How does the nurse measure the length of the NG tube for insertion Correct Answer Tip of the nose -- earlobe -- xiphoid process 23. What is the most reliable method of verification for placement of the NG tube Correct Answer X-ray Other methods include: pH test (aspirate and inspect color) 24. What are the ranges for body mass index Correct Answer Normal = 19-24 Overweight = 25-29 Obese = 30-39 Extremely Obese = 40 25. When energy requirements are completely met or EQUALS kcal intake in food what occurs Correct Answer Weight does not change 26. When kcal intake in food is LESS THAN energy requirements what occurs Correct Answer - Loose weight 27. When kcal intake in food is GREATER THAN energy requirements what occurs Correct Answer Gain weight 28. Nutrients are absorbed in what portion of the digestive tract Correct Answer Small intestine [duodenum] 29. Proteins are necessary for _________ balance: Positive protein and nitrogen balance for healing, growth, and tissue repair 30. 1 gram of carbohydrates = ____ kcal: 4 kcal 31. 1 gram of fat = ____ kcal: 9 kcal Most calorie dense 32. ___ % of fat intake of daily nutrition is considered a nutritional deficiency: 10% 33. 1 gram of protein = ___ kcal: 4 kcal 34. Which amino acids are NOT manufactured by the body and MUST be obtained through diet or external source are known as Correct Answer Indispensable amino acids 35. Which amino acids ARE manufactured by the body Correct Answer Dispensable amino acids