Test Bank for Nutrition: Concepts and
Controversies Complete Questions &
Answers Updated for 2025/2026 Exams
What is Nutrition? - answersThe study of how food nourishes the body and human
behavior related to food.
Describe how nutrion and lifestyle choices affect longterm health? - answersHaving a
healthy diet can reduce risk of getting chronic illness and you are more likely to be
healthy longer.
What are the six basic nutrients? - answersProtein, Water, Carb, Lipids (fats), Vitamins
and Minerals.
What does organic mean? - answersany nutrient that contains carbon.
which nutrients are organic? - answersAll the basics except for minerals and water.
Which nutrients are the energy yielding nutrients? - answerscarbs fats and protein
What is a calorie - answersa measurement of energy measured in kilcalories (kcal)
How many kcals per gram are in each type of nutrient - answerscarbs 4 protein 4 fats 9
Is alcohol considered a nutrient? - answersNo it is a toxin
What is meant by essential nutrient? - answersIt is nutrients that your body does not
make or does not make enough of but you must get them in your diet to avoid
deficiencies.
What are pros and cons of eating a less healthy diet and taking vitamins every day? -
answersvitamins and minerals from whole foods absorbed best; eating provides
physical psychological and social comfort and some foods lower chance of getting
diseases.
What are Phytochemicals? - answersthey are substances from plants (fruit/veggies) that
are 'biologically active' compounds that decrease risk of disease.
What is the scientific method and why is it used in nutrition? - answersIt is the method
scientist use to answer questions. In nutrition it helps us to expose quackery.
What is nutrition quackery? - answersIt's promotion treatments services ect. to improve
health without proof of viability.
,What are some red flags of quackery? - answerstoo good to be true; authority not cited;
tell you that the medical industry doesn't want you to know; fake credentials;
testimonials; unpublished studies....
Where are the best sources for nutritional info? - answersamerican dietetic association;
dietitian; nutritionist; registered dietitian...
What factors affect the choices we make about food? - answersavailability, cost, habit,
weight, emotional comfort, personal preference....
what are the five characteristics of a nutritious diet? - answersVariety, moderation,
calorie control, balance and adequacy.
Adequacy - answersprovides all essential nutrients, fiver and energy in necessary
amounts. (anemia)
balance - answersprovides enough but not too much of every nutrient. (vitamin or
mineral jags)
calorie control - answerscontrol of energy intake
Moderation - answersnothing in excess (good and bad)
Variety - answerswide selection of food (fish and mercury)
What are DRI's - answersdietary reference intakes. a set of four lists of values for
measuring the nutrient intakes of healthy ppl.
What are the major goals of the DRIs - answersappropriate nutrient intakes to promote
health and prevent chronic disease.
What are RDAs - answersRecommended Dietary Allowance; nutrient intake goals for
individuals; the average daily nutrient intake levels that meets the needs of nearly all
healthy ppl (97%) in a particular life stage and gender group. set about 20% higher than
what an average person needs.
What are AIs - answersAdequate intakes; nutrient intake goals for individuals; the
recommended average daily nutrient intake level based on intakes of healthy people in
a particular life stage and gender group **assumed to accurate**
What are the differences btw RDAs and AIs - answersRDAs are rock solid and AI are
unstable not completely accurate.
fIn what situations are the RDAs AIs adjusted? - answersIllness, smoking, vegetarian...
, Is it a good idea to eat 1000% RDA/AI for a nutrient? - answersNo, the goal is to get as
close to 100% as possible getting more does not have any benefits.
Are RDAs and AI the same for men and women? - answersNo there are separate
recommendations for specific groups of ppl.
what other factors affect RDA's and AIs - answersIf you are Pregnant, breast feeding,
infants, children and elderly.
What are ULs - answerstolerable Upper Intake levels; Max level of daily intake without
causing adverse health effects; for potentially toxic vitamins and minerals.
What does AMDR stand for? - answersAcceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges
Nutrient intake goal for macronutrients.
What are the AMDRs for carbs fats and protein? - answerscarbs 45-65 Fat 20-35
Protein 10- 35
Of total calories consumed.
What would happen if a person ate a diet that didn't follow the recommendations in the
AMDRs? - answersThey would have increased risk of chronic diseases.
What info must be included on every food label? - answersCommon product name,
Manufacturer's name and address, amount in the package, ingredients in descending
order by weight and nutrient contents.
In what order are ingredients listed on food labels? - answersThey are listed in what is
used the most to what is used the least.
What does DV Stand for and where are they used? - answersDaily Values; only used
on food labels.
The DVs are based on a ______ kcal diet - answers2,000 kcal diet.
What reliable nutrient claims are allowed on food labels? - answerslow, very low less
reduced and free when used with calories, fat cholesterol and sodium.
What reliable nutrient claims are allowed on food labels for meat? - answerslean and
extra lean
What reliable nutrient claims are allowed on food labels for vitamins, minerals, fiber -
answershigh or excellent source of; good source of; more or extra
what additional practices do manufacturers use to promote their products that may lead
to misleading advertising? - answersMeaningless claims such as no preservatives carb
clever 0 trans fat healthy benefits 100% pure and natural
Controversies Complete Questions &
Answers Updated for 2025/2026 Exams
What is Nutrition? - answersThe study of how food nourishes the body and human
behavior related to food.
Describe how nutrion and lifestyle choices affect longterm health? - answersHaving a
healthy diet can reduce risk of getting chronic illness and you are more likely to be
healthy longer.
What are the six basic nutrients? - answersProtein, Water, Carb, Lipids (fats), Vitamins
and Minerals.
What does organic mean? - answersany nutrient that contains carbon.
which nutrients are organic? - answersAll the basics except for minerals and water.
Which nutrients are the energy yielding nutrients? - answerscarbs fats and protein
What is a calorie - answersa measurement of energy measured in kilcalories (kcal)
How many kcals per gram are in each type of nutrient - answerscarbs 4 protein 4 fats 9
Is alcohol considered a nutrient? - answersNo it is a toxin
What is meant by essential nutrient? - answersIt is nutrients that your body does not
make or does not make enough of but you must get them in your diet to avoid
deficiencies.
What are pros and cons of eating a less healthy diet and taking vitamins every day? -
answersvitamins and minerals from whole foods absorbed best; eating provides
physical psychological and social comfort and some foods lower chance of getting
diseases.
What are Phytochemicals? - answersthey are substances from plants (fruit/veggies) that
are 'biologically active' compounds that decrease risk of disease.
What is the scientific method and why is it used in nutrition? - answersIt is the method
scientist use to answer questions. In nutrition it helps us to expose quackery.
What is nutrition quackery? - answersIt's promotion treatments services ect. to improve
health without proof of viability.
,What are some red flags of quackery? - answerstoo good to be true; authority not cited;
tell you that the medical industry doesn't want you to know; fake credentials;
testimonials; unpublished studies....
Where are the best sources for nutritional info? - answersamerican dietetic association;
dietitian; nutritionist; registered dietitian...
What factors affect the choices we make about food? - answersavailability, cost, habit,
weight, emotional comfort, personal preference....
what are the five characteristics of a nutritious diet? - answersVariety, moderation,
calorie control, balance and adequacy.
Adequacy - answersprovides all essential nutrients, fiver and energy in necessary
amounts. (anemia)
balance - answersprovides enough but not too much of every nutrient. (vitamin or
mineral jags)
calorie control - answerscontrol of energy intake
Moderation - answersnothing in excess (good and bad)
Variety - answerswide selection of food (fish and mercury)
What are DRI's - answersdietary reference intakes. a set of four lists of values for
measuring the nutrient intakes of healthy ppl.
What are the major goals of the DRIs - answersappropriate nutrient intakes to promote
health and prevent chronic disease.
What are RDAs - answersRecommended Dietary Allowance; nutrient intake goals for
individuals; the average daily nutrient intake levels that meets the needs of nearly all
healthy ppl (97%) in a particular life stage and gender group. set about 20% higher than
what an average person needs.
What are AIs - answersAdequate intakes; nutrient intake goals for individuals; the
recommended average daily nutrient intake level based on intakes of healthy people in
a particular life stage and gender group **assumed to accurate**
What are the differences btw RDAs and AIs - answersRDAs are rock solid and AI are
unstable not completely accurate.
fIn what situations are the RDAs AIs adjusted? - answersIllness, smoking, vegetarian...
, Is it a good idea to eat 1000% RDA/AI for a nutrient? - answersNo, the goal is to get as
close to 100% as possible getting more does not have any benefits.
Are RDAs and AI the same for men and women? - answersNo there are separate
recommendations for specific groups of ppl.
what other factors affect RDA's and AIs - answersIf you are Pregnant, breast feeding,
infants, children and elderly.
What are ULs - answerstolerable Upper Intake levels; Max level of daily intake without
causing adverse health effects; for potentially toxic vitamins and minerals.
What does AMDR stand for? - answersAcceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges
Nutrient intake goal for macronutrients.
What are the AMDRs for carbs fats and protein? - answerscarbs 45-65 Fat 20-35
Protein 10- 35
Of total calories consumed.
What would happen if a person ate a diet that didn't follow the recommendations in the
AMDRs? - answersThey would have increased risk of chronic diseases.
What info must be included on every food label? - answersCommon product name,
Manufacturer's name and address, amount in the package, ingredients in descending
order by weight and nutrient contents.
In what order are ingredients listed on food labels? - answersThey are listed in what is
used the most to what is used the least.
What does DV Stand for and where are they used? - answersDaily Values; only used
on food labels.
The DVs are based on a ______ kcal diet - answers2,000 kcal diet.
What reliable nutrient claims are allowed on food labels? - answerslow, very low less
reduced and free when used with calories, fat cholesterol and sodium.
What reliable nutrient claims are allowed on food labels for meat? - answerslean and
extra lean
What reliable nutrient claims are allowed on food labels for vitamins, minerals, fiber -
answershigh or excellent source of; good source of; more or extra
what additional practices do manufacturers use to promote their products that may lead
to misleading advertising? - answersMeaningless claims such as no preservatives carb
clever 0 trans fat healthy benefits 100% pure and natural
