age 1 of 244
NR 546 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS <BRAND
NEW VERSION>
Neuronal Networks of Agitation in Alzheimer Disease
.....Answer.......imbalance in "top-down" cortical inhibition with
"bottom-up" limbic and emotional drives
Targeting Multimodal Neurotransmitters (Norepinephrine,
Serotonin, and Dopamine) for the Symptomatic Treatment of
Agitation in Alzheimer Disease .....Answer.......Brexpiprazole
-serotonin-dopamine-norepinephrine antagonist/partial agonist
-combines several simultaneous mechanisms to quell the excessive
activity of the agitation network in AD
,age 2 of 244
-warning for increased mortality in dementia-related psychosis,
using this agent for agitation in AD and in doses lower than
those generally used to treat psychosis in schizophrenia may
provide a greater safety margin
Targeting Glutamate for the Symptomatic Treatment of
Agitation in Alzheimer Disease .....Answer.......dextromethorphan-
bupropion
-The NMDA antagonist dextromethorphan (DXM), in combination
with the norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI)
bupropion, is in testing as a treatment for agitation
Apathy .....Answer.......diminished motivation and reduced goal-
directed behavior, accompanied by decreased emotional
responsiveness
-lack of motivation is at the core of apathy
,age 3 of 244
-affects approximately 90% of patients with dementia
-one of the most persistent and frequent secondary behavioral
symptoms of dementia
-shown to predict disease-worsening
-if med needed for apathy: cholinesterase inhibitors are first-line
in AD, FTD patients may benefit more from SSRI's/SNRI's
Pharmacologic Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
.....Answer.......Lithium
Anticonvulsants
Second generation antipsychotics
Unipolar depression .....Answer.......major depressive disorder
(MDD)
, age 4 of 244
one of the most common mental disorders
-Approximately 7.1% of adults in the U.S. had episode in last
year, prevalence highest (13.1%) among individuals aged 18-
25
S/S
-depressed mood
-loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities
-irritability
-withdrawal
-problems with sleep, eating, energy, concentration, or self-
worth
NR 546 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS <BRAND
NEW VERSION>
Neuronal Networks of Agitation in Alzheimer Disease
.....Answer.......imbalance in "top-down" cortical inhibition with
"bottom-up" limbic and emotional drives
Targeting Multimodal Neurotransmitters (Norepinephrine,
Serotonin, and Dopamine) for the Symptomatic Treatment of
Agitation in Alzheimer Disease .....Answer.......Brexpiprazole
-serotonin-dopamine-norepinephrine antagonist/partial agonist
-combines several simultaneous mechanisms to quell the excessive
activity of the agitation network in AD
,age 2 of 244
-warning for increased mortality in dementia-related psychosis,
using this agent for agitation in AD and in doses lower than
those generally used to treat psychosis in schizophrenia may
provide a greater safety margin
Targeting Glutamate for the Symptomatic Treatment of
Agitation in Alzheimer Disease .....Answer.......dextromethorphan-
bupropion
-The NMDA antagonist dextromethorphan (DXM), in combination
with the norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI)
bupropion, is in testing as a treatment for agitation
Apathy .....Answer.......diminished motivation and reduced goal-
directed behavior, accompanied by decreased emotional
responsiveness
-lack of motivation is at the core of apathy
,age 3 of 244
-affects approximately 90% of patients with dementia
-one of the most persistent and frequent secondary behavioral
symptoms of dementia
-shown to predict disease-worsening
-if med needed for apathy: cholinesterase inhibitors are first-line
in AD, FTD patients may benefit more from SSRI's/SNRI's
Pharmacologic Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
.....Answer.......Lithium
Anticonvulsants
Second generation antipsychotics
Unipolar depression .....Answer.......major depressive disorder
(MDD)
, age 4 of 244
one of the most common mental disorders
-Approximately 7.1% of adults in the U.S. had episode in last
year, prevalence highest (13.1%) among individuals aged 18-
25
S/S
-depressed mood
-loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities
-irritability
-withdrawal
-problems with sleep, eating, energy, concentration, or self-
worth
