1|Page
FCCN level 1 Exam With Complete Solutions.
minimum urine output for adult - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ -
water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - hypothalamus
senses low blood volumed and increased serum
osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases
serum osmolality
,2|Page
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ -
cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and
reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - forces
fluids and solutes through the capillary wall and into the
tissue spaces
colloid osmotic pressure - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - pulling
force of albumin in the intravascular spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ -
replaces normal ongoing losses of water and
electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
,3|Page
replacement therapy - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - corrects
any existing water and or electrolyte deficits
isotonic fluids - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - tonicity equal to
plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally
concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - lower
concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL
SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - higher
concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL
SHRINKS)
, 4|Page
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
colloids - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - pull fluid into
bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the
circulation
blood - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - not a risk free fluid
replacement
- this is liquid transplant
third spacing - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - fluid is not lost
from the body but the fluid is not available for use in the
intracellular or extracellular compartments (fluid is in
between tissues/cells)
FCCN level 1 Exam With Complete Solutions.
minimum urine output for adult - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ -
water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - hypothalamus
senses low blood volumed and increased serum
osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases
serum osmolality
,2|Page
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ -
cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and
reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - forces
fluids and solutes through the capillary wall and into the
tissue spaces
colloid osmotic pressure - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - pulling
force of albumin in the intravascular spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ -
replaces normal ongoing losses of water and
electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
,3|Page
replacement therapy - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - corrects
any existing water and or electrolyte deficits
isotonic fluids - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - tonicity equal to
plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally
concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
hypotonic fluids - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - lower
concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL
SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - higher
concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL
SHRINKS)
, 4|Page
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
colloids - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - pull fluid into
bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the
circulation
blood - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - not a risk free fluid
replacement
- this is liquid transplant
third spacing - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ - fluid is not lost
from the body but the fluid is not available for use in the
intracellular or extracellular compartments (fluid is in
between tissues/cells)
