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NAGELHOUT EXAM BUNDLE DEAL
Pharmacology - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ The study of the
effect of chemicals on living tissue
Pharmacokinetics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ The study of
the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
of drugs (ADME)
Pharmaceutics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the formulation
and preparation of drugs (form, dosing, etc)
Pharmacoeconomics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ The study of
the economic impact of drugs
Toxicology - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the study of the
harmful effects of chemicals
Pharmacognosy - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the study of the
medicinal uses of naturally occurring compounds (botox,
digitalis, ephedrine)
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Pharmacy - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the preparation and
dispensing of drugs
Pharmacogenetics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ genetic
influences by and on drugs
Pharmacodynamics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ physiological
and biochemical mechanism of action of drugs
Pharmacogenomics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ identifies
discrete genetic differences among individuals that play
a critical role in drug response
Pharmacoepidemiology - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the
study of the use and effects of drugs on large groups of
people
Ligand - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ a chemical substance that
binds to a specific receptor
What two types of ligands are there? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ agonists and antagonists
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What does an agonist do? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ binds
to a receptor and STIMULATES the function that receptor
serves
What does an antagonist do? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
binds to a receptor and BLOCKS the function that
receptor serves
What is competitive binding? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
reversible (most drugs)
What is NONcompetitive binding? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ NONreversible (drug never lets go)
What's an example of a noncompetitive drug binding? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ ASA binding to a platelet
What is the effective dose in 50% of the population of
a drug? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ ED50
What is the toxic dose in 50% of the population? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ TD50
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What is the lethal dose in 50% of the population? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ LD50
What ratio describes the therapeutic index? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ LD50/ED50 (lethal dose/effective
dose)
What is the therapeutic window? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
an estimation of drug dosage which can treat disease
effectively, while staying within the safety range
What else can describe the therapeutic window? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ TD50/ED50 (toxic dose/effective
dose)
Name the common chemical bonds in order of strongest
to weakest - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Covalent>Ionic>Hydrogen>Hydrophobic>Van der
Waals
What are the four things that a dose response curve can
tell you? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ affinity (potency),
efficacy, variability, and slope (VASE)
NAGELHOUT EXAM BUNDLE DEAL
Pharmacology - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ The study of the
effect of chemicals on living tissue
Pharmacokinetics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ The study of
the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
of drugs (ADME)
Pharmaceutics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the formulation
and preparation of drugs (form, dosing, etc)
Pharmacoeconomics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ The study of
the economic impact of drugs
Toxicology - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the study of the
harmful effects of chemicals
Pharmacognosy - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the study of the
medicinal uses of naturally occurring compounds (botox,
digitalis, ephedrine)
,2|Page
Pharmacy - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the preparation and
dispensing of drugs
Pharmacogenetics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ genetic
influences by and on drugs
Pharmacodynamics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ physiological
and biochemical mechanism of action of drugs
Pharmacogenomics - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ identifies
discrete genetic differences among individuals that play
a critical role in drug response
Pharmacoepidemiology - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ the
study of the use and effects of drugs on large groups of
people
Ligand - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ a chemical substance that
binds to a specific receptor
What two types of ligands are there? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ agonists and antagonists
,3|Page
What does an agonist do? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ binds
to a receptor and STIMULATES the function that receptor
serves
What does an antagonist do? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
binds to a receptor and BLOCKS the function that
receptor serves
What is competitive binding? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
reversible (most drugs)
What is NONcompetitive binding? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ NONreversible (drug never lets go)
What's an example of a noncompetitive drug binding? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ ASA binding to a platelet
What is the effective dose in 50% of the population of
a drug? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ ED50
What is the toxic dose in 50% of the population? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ TD50
, 4|Page
What is the lethal dose in 50% of the population? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ LD50
What ratio describes the therapeutic index? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ LD50/ED50 (lethal dose/effective
dose)
What is the therapeutic window? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
an estimation of drug dosage which can treat disease
effectively, while staying within the safety range
What else can describe the therapeutic window? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ TD50/ED50 (toxic dose/effective
dose)
Name the common chemical bonds in order of strongest
to weakest - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Covalent>Ionic>Hydrogen>Hydrophobic>Van der
Waals
What are the four things that a dose response curve can
tell you? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ affinity (potency),
efficacy, variability, and slope (VASE)
