A&P 2 BLOOD TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT.
what are the major components of the blood? - (ANSWER)Plasma and formed elements
What are the formed elements? - (ANSWER)Erythrocytes, red bood cells
Leukocytes, white blood cells
Platelets, for clotting
What are the three basic functions of blood and an explanation of each? - (ANSWER)1) Distribution:
blood transports oxygen fro mteh lungs and nutrients fro mthe digestive tract, metabolic wastes from
cells to the lungs and kidneys for elimination, and hormones from endocrine glands to target organs.
2) Regulation: Blood maintains appropriate body temperature by absorbing and distributing heat,
normal pH in body tissues using buffer systems, and adequate fluid volume in the circulatory system.
3) Protection:L Blood protects against blood loss by activating plasma proteins and platelets, initiating
clot formation when a vessel is broken and prevents infection by synthesizing and utilizing antibodies,
activating complement proteins, and activating WBC's to defend the body against foreign invaders.
What are the five general components of blood plasma? - (ANSWER)1) proteins
2) nonprotein nitrogenous substances
3) organic nutrients
4) electrolytes
5) respiratory gases
What is the pH of blood? - (ANSWER)7.35-7.45
What are erythrocytes and how do their structural characteristics contribute to their function? -
(ANSWER)Erythrocytes are red blood cells. They are biconcave discs, anucleate and have essentially no
organelles. They are filled with hemoglobion, a protein that functins in gas transport. Gas transport is
assisted by the biconcave shape: huge surface area relative to volume and discounting water content -
they are more than 97% hemoglobin. Hemoglobin reversibly binds with oxygen and most oxygen in the
blood is bound to hemoglobin.
What is the function of erythrocytes? - (ANSWER)Respiratory gas transport via hemoglobin.
, A&P 2 BLOOD TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT.
What is hemoglobin made of and what can it transport? - (ANSWER)the protein globin, which is made
up of two alpha and two beta chains, each bound to a heme group. Each heme group bears an atom of
iron. Each atom of iron can bind to one oxygen molecule, therefore each hemoglobin molecule can
transport four molecules of oxygen.
What are the different types of hemoglobin and how are they different? - (ANSWER)1) Oxyhemoglobin:
hemoglobin bound to oxygen. Oxygen loading takes place in the lungs.
2) Deoxyhemoglobin: hemoglobin after oxygen diffuses into tissues (reduced Hb)
3) Carbaminohemoglobin: hemoglobin bound to carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide loading takes place in
the tissues.
Too much carbon dioxide in the body is called? - (ANSWER)Alkalosis - alkaline environment
Carbonic acid in the blood is called? - (ANSWER)Acidocis - acid environment
HCO3 is a? - (ANSWER)weak base which works as a buffer to control acid in the blood
What is the white layer in the hemocrit called? - (ANSWER)buffy coat. It is the white blood cell layer
What is hematopoiesis and where does it occur? - (ANSWER)Blood cell formation. Occurs in the red
blood marrow - in the tip of the femur and top of the humorus.
What is a hemocytoblast? - (ANSWER)Stem cell that gives rise to all formed elements. They go through
intermediary phases including ejection of the nucleus in the formation of reticulocytes.
What are reticulocytes? - (ANSWER)young, immature red blood cells formed through erythropoiesis that
still has a scant reticulum of clumped ribosomes.. The number of reticulocytes provides information
about the rate of RBC formation.
what are the major components of the blood? - (ANSWER)Plasma and formed elements
What are the formed elements? - (ANSWER)Erythrocytes, red bood cells
Leukocytes, white blood cells
Platelets, for clotting
What are the three basic functions of blood and an explanation of each? - (ANSWER)1) Distribution:
blood transports oxygen fro mteh lungs and nutrients fro mthe digestive tract, metabolic wastes from
cells to the lungs and kidneys for elimination, and hormones from endocrine glands to target organs.
2) Regulation: Blood maintains appropriate body temperature by absorbing and distributing heat,
normal pH in body tissues using buffer systems, and adequate fluid volume in the circulatory system.
3) Protection:L Blood protects against blood loss by activating plasma proteins and platelets, initiating
clot formation when a vessel is broken and prevents infection by synthesizing and utilizing antibodies,
activating complement proteins, and activating WBC's to defend the body against foreign invaders.
What are the five general components of blood plasma? - (ANSWER)1) proteins
2) nonprotein nitrogenous substances
3) organic nutrients
4) electrolytes
5) respiratory gases
What is the pH of blood? - (ANSWER)7.35-7.45
What are erythrocytes and how do their structural characteristics contribute to their function? -
(ANSWER)Erythrocytes are red blood cells. They are biconcave discs, anucleate and have essentially no
organelles. They are filled with hemoglobion, a protein that functins in gas transport. Gas transport is
assisted by the biconcave shape: huge surface area relative to volume and discounting water content -
they are more than 97% hemoglobin. Hemoglobin reversibly binds with oxygen and most oxygen in the
blood is bound to hemoglobin.
What is the function of erythrocytes? - (ANSWER)Respiratory gas transport via hemoglobin.
, A&P 2 BLOOD TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT.
What is hemoglobin made of and what can it transport? - (ANSWER)the protein globin, which is made
up of two alpha and two beta chains, each bound to a heme group. Each heme group bears an atom of
iron. Each atom of iron can bind to one oxygen molecule, therefore each hemoglobin molecule can
transport four molecules of oxygen.
What are the different types of hemoglobin and how are they different? - (ANSWER)1) Oxyhemoglobin:
hemoglobin bound to oxygen. Oxygen loading takes place in the lungs.
2) Deoxyhemoglobin: hemoglobin after oxygen diffuses into tissues (reduced Hb)
3) Carbaminohemoglobin: hemoglobin bound to carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide loading takes place in
the tissues.
Too much carbon dioxide in the body is called? - (ANSWER)Alkalosis - alkaline environment
Carbonic acid in the blood is called? - (ANSWER)Acidocis - acid environment
HCO3 is a? - (ANSWER)weak base which works as a buffer to control acid in the blood
What is the white layer in the hemocrit called? - (ANSWER)buffy coat. It is the white blood cell layer
What is hematopoiesis and where does it occur? - (ANSWER)Blood cell formation. Occurs in the red
blood marrow - in the tip of the femur and top of the humorus.
What is a hemocytoblast? - (ANSWER)Stem cell that gives rise to all formed elements. They go through
intermediary phases including ejection of the nucleus in the formation of reticulocytes.
What are reticulocytes? - (ANSWER)young, immature red blood cells formed through erythropoiesis that
still has a scant reticulum of clumped ribosomes.. The number of reticulocytes provides information
about the rate of RBC formation.
