Nervous System Anatomy and
Physiology Exam||Latest Exam
Update||Questions And
Answers||Graded A+
spinal cord -CORRECT ANSWER a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and
support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar
region of the vertebral column
cerebellum -CORRECT ANSWER a major feature of the hindbrain responsible for body
movements and balance
cerebrum -CORRECT ANSWER the principal and most anterior part of the brain in
vertebrates, located in the front area of the skull and consisting of two hemispheres, left
and right, separated by a fissure
midbrain -CORRECT ANSWER relays sensory and motor impulses; serves important
functions in motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory and
visual processing.
pons -CORRECT ANSWER part of the brain stem, assists with regulation of breathing
medulla oblongata -CORRECT ANSWER part of brain stem, regulates heart rate, blood
pressure, and breathing, and controls the reflexes of coughing, sneezing, and vomiting
pituitary gland -CORRECT ANSWER a pea-sized structure located at the base of the
brain, just below the hypothalamus, to which it is attached via nerve fibers. It is part of
the endocrine system and produces critical hormones, which are chemical substances
that control various bodily functions
hypothalamus -CORRECT ANSWER lower portion of diencephalon which acts as an
autonomic center regulating metabolism, heart rate, blood pressure, thirst, hunger,
energy level, and body temperature
thalamus -CORRECT ANSWER middle portion of diencephalon which relays sensory
impulses up to the sensory cortex (aka the cerebrum); regulates sleep and
consciousness
epithalamus -CORRECT ANSWER upper portion of diencephalon that regulates
hormones secreted by the pineal gland. The pineal gland produces melatonin, a
serotonin derived hormone which modulates sleep patterns
, striatum -CORRECT ANSWER structure lying at the base of the forebrain which is a
critical component of the motor and reward systems. Coordinates decision-making,
motivation, and reinforcement.
corpus callosum -CORRECT ANSWER a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the
cerebral cortex lobes into left and right hemispheres and acts as the connection
between the two.
meninges -CORRECT ANSWER three layers of protective tissue between the brain and
skull
frontal lobe -CORRECT ANSWER cerebrum lobe responsible for memory, intelligence,
behavior, emotions, motor function, and smell
occipital lobe -CORRECT ANSWER cerebrum lobe responsible for vision and speech
parietal lobe -CORRECT ANSWER lobe responsible for somatic sensations (pain,
touch, temperature perception), and speech
temporal lobe -CORRECT ANSWER lobe responsible for hearing, smell, memory,
speech, and emotion
brain stem -CORRECT ANSWER Portion of brain that contains the pons, medulla
oblongata, and the beginning of the spinal cord, controls the flow of messages between
the brain and the rest of the body, and it also controls basic body functions
Broca's area -CORRECT ANSWER area on left frontal lobe responsible for tongue and
lip movements
primary motor cortex -CORRECT ANSWER area in frontal lobe responsible for sending
impulses to muscles
primary somatic sensory cortex -CORRECT ANSWER area in parietal lobe responsible
for interpreting sensory impulses from the body
dura mater -CORRECT ANSWER outermost meninges layer
arachnoid mater -CORRECT ANSWER middle meninges layer
pia mater -CORRECT ANSWER inner meninges layer
sensory input -CORRECT ANSWER also known as the afferent pathway; the gathering
information about changes in the environment
Physiology Exam||Latest Exam
Update||Questions And
Answers||Graded A+
spinal cord -CORRECT ANSWER a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and
support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar
region of the vertebral column
cerebellum -CORRECT ANSWER a major feature of the hindbrain responsible for body
movements and balance
cerebrum -CORRECT ANSWER the principal and most anterior part of the brain in
vertebrates, located in the front area of the skull and consisting of two hemispheres, left
and right, separated by a fissure
midbrain -CORRECT ANSWER relays sensory and motor impulses; serves important
functions in motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory and
visual processing.
pons -CORRECT ANSWER part of the brain stem, assists with regulation of breathing
medulla oblongata -CORRECT ANSWER part of brain stem, regulates heart rate, blood
pressure, and breathing, and controls the reflexes of coughing, sneezing, and vomiting
pituitary gland -CORRECT ANSWER a pea-sized structure located at the base of the
brain, just below the hypothalamus, to which it is attached via nerve fibers. It is part of
the endocrine system and produces critical hormones, which are chemical substances
that control various bodily functions
hypothalamus -CORRECT ANSWER lower portion of diencephalon which acts as an
autonomic center regulating metabolism, heart rate, blood pressure, thirst, hunger,
energy level, and body temperature
thalamus -CORRECT ANSWER middle portion of diencephalon which relays sensory
impulses up to the sensory cortex (aka the cerebrum); regulates sleep and
consciousness
epithalamus -CORRECT ANSWER upper portion of diencephalon that regulates
hormones secreted by the pineal gland. The pineal gland produces melatonin, a
serotonin derived hormone which modulates sleep patterns
, striatum -CORRECT ANSWER structure lying at the base of the forebrain which is a
critical component of the motor and reward systems. Coordinates decision-making,
motivation, and reinforcement.
corpus callosum -CORRECT ANSWER a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the
cerebral cortex lobes into left and right hemispheres and acts as the connection
between the two.
meninges -CORRECT ANSWER three layers of protective tissue between the brain and
skull
frontal lobe -CORRECT ANSWER cerebrum lobe responsible for memory, intelligence,
behavior, emotions, motor function, and smell
occipital lobe -CORRECT ANSWER cerebrum lobe responsible for vision and speech
parietal lobe -CORRECT ANSWER lobe responsible for somatic sensations (pain,
touch, temperature perception), and speech
temporal lobe -CORRECT ANSWER lobe responsible for hearing, smell, memory,
speech, and emotion
brain stem -CORRECT ANSWER Portion of brain that contains the pons, medulla
oblongata, and the beginning of the spinal cord, controls the flow of messages between
the brain and the rest of the body, and it also controls basic body functions
Broca's area -CORRECT ANSWER area on left frontal lobe responsible for tongue and
lip movements
primary motor cortex -CORRECT ANSWER area in frontal lobe responsible for sending
impulses to muscles
primary somatic sensory cortex -CORRECT ANSWER area in parietal lobe responsible
for interpreting sensory impulses from the body
dura mater -CORRECT ANSWER outermost meninges layer
arachnoid mater -CORRECT ANSWER middle meninges layer
pia mater -CORRECT ANSWER inner meninges layer
sensory input -CORRECT ANSWER also known as the afferent pathway; the gathering
information about changes in the environment
