Exam (elaborations) NURS 2321 (NURS2321) (NURS 2321 (NURS2321/ NURS 2321 Left Sided vs. Right Sided Heart Failure

Topic Name: Right sided Heart Failure Statistics:About 6.5 million adults in the U.S. have heart failure. Heart failure was a contributing cause of 1 in 8 deaths in 2017 Etiology: Ischemic Heart Disease is most common etiology due to repeated episodes of hypoxia. Other major causes include, HTN ( hypertension), COPD (Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease), and obstructive pulmonary disease Pathophysiology: The right ventricle is weak and has difficulty pumping all of its blood forward into the pulmonary artery. The ventricle’s inability to pump its contents forward causes a backup of blood, raising hydrostatic pressure within the right heart chambers. Unejected blood accumulates in the right ventricle, increasing pressure within the ventricle, which in turn causes increased backward pressure in the right atrium. Topic Name: Left sided Heart Failure (DL) Statistics:About 6.5 million adults in the United States have heart failure. Heart failure was a contributing cause of 1 in 8 deaths in 2017 Etiology: Ischemic Heart Disease is most common etiology due to repeated episodes of hypoxia. Other major causes include, HTN, COPD, and obstructive pulmonary disease Pathophysiology: Left ventricular dysfunction occurs from reduced relaxation or increased stiffness of the ventricular muscle. HTN also cause the left ventricle to hypertrophy to compensate for increased workload. Backwards effects consist of hydrostatic pressure backup into the left atrium. Forward effects cause inadequate ejection of blood from the left ventricle