endometrial cycle - correct answer ✔✔The 28 days of the menstrual cycle as they apply to the
events in the uterus. The endometrial cycle has four subphases: menstruation, the proliferative
phase, and the secretory phase, and the ischemic phase .
proliferative phase - correct answer ✔✔The second phase of the uterine (endometrial) cycle,
during which the endometrium (shed off during menstration is rebuilt). This phase of the cycle
is under the control of estrogen, secreted from the follicle developing in the ovary during this
time period. The proliferative phase typically lasts from day 6 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
secretory phase - correct answer ✔✔The third phase of the uterin (endometrial) cycle, during
which the rebuilt endometrium is enhanced with glycogen and lipid stores. The secretory phase
is primarily under the controll of progestone and estrogen (secreted from the copus luteum
during this time period), adn typically lasts from day 15 to day 28 of the menstrual cycle.
ischemic phase - correct answer ✔✔Approximately 3 days before menstruation to onset of
menstruation. due to the decreased production of estrogen or progesterone and the
endometrium becomes blood starved
menstrual cycle - correct answer ✔✔Cycle during which an egg develops and is released from
an ovary and the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg.
Ovulation - correct answer ✔✔The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube
each month
uterine prolapse - correct answer ✔✔the condition in which the uterus slides from its normal
position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina
risk factors for uterine prolapse - correct answer ✔✔menopause, pregnancy, coughing,
constipation, obesity, pelvic floor trauma, vaginal birth, hysterectomy, connective tissue
disorders, spina bifida
,uterine prolapse treatment - correct answer ✔✔- kegel exercises
- estrogen therapy
- maintaining a healthy bmi, preventing constipation, treating chronic cough
- pessary
- surgical option s last resort
polycystic ovarian syndrome - correct answer ✔✔defined as two of the following three features
- irregular ovulation
-elevated adrogens (testosterone)
- and the appearance of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
differentials for pcos - correct answer ✔✔- thyroid dysfunction
- hyperprolactinemia
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Characteristics associated with PCOS - correct answer ✔✔-metabolic dysfunction
- dyslipidemia
- insulin resistance
- obesity
polycystic ovarian syndrome treatment - correct answer ✔✔(1) diagnosis and education;
(2) lifestyle change - loss of 10% of body weight may help;
(3) birth control pills help with some symptoms;
(4) diabetes medications & dietary treatment may slowly normalize physiology (lower sugar,
lower insulin, fewer androgens)
, testicular cancer - correct answer ✔✔malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly
developing from the germ cells that produce sperm; classified in two groups according to
growth potential
conditions that increase risk of testicular cancer - correct answer ✔✔- being a man between the
ages of 20-45
- cryptochidism (undescended testicle)
- family history
- previous testicle cancer
- white men are more likely
symptoms of breast cancer - correct answer ✔✔change in the shape or appearance of your
breasts, skin or nipple changes such as dimpling of the skin, Squeeze each nipple gently to
identify any discharge, chest pain (mets to the lung)
signs of premenstrual dysphoric disorder - correct answer ✔✔physical - breast tenderness,
abdominal bloating, headache and swelling of extremities
emotional - depression anger, irritability and fatigue
resolve with menstruation
causes of dysfunctional uterine bleeding - correct answer ✔✔can be due to structural (polyp,
malignancies and hyperplasia) or non structural causes (coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfuction,
endometrial
treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding - correct answer ✔✔- NSAIDS
(reduce prostaglandin, causes vasoconstriction, and decreased menstrual bleeding)
- Oral contraceptives
- Depo provera
- Levonorgestrel intrauterine device
events in the uterus. The endometrial cycle has four subphases: menstruation, the proliferative
phase, and the secretory phase, and the ischemic phase .
proliferative phase - correct answer ✔✔The second phase of the uterine (endometrial) cycle,
during which the endometrium (shed off during menstration is rebuilt). This phase of the cycle
is under the control of estrogen, secreted from the follicle developing in the ovary during this
time period. The proliferative phase typically lasts from day 6 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
secretory phase - correct answer ✔✔The third phase of the uterin (endometrial) cycle, during
which the rebuilt endometrium is enhanced with glycogen and lipid stores. The secretory phase
is primarily under the controll of progestone and estrogen (secreted from the copus luteum
during this time period), adn typically lasts from day 15 to day 28 of the menstrual cycle.
ischemic phase - correct answer ✔✔Approximately 3 days before menstruation to onset of
menstruation. due to the decreased production of estrogen or progesterone and the
endometrium becomes blood starved
menstrual cycle - correct answer ✔✔Cycle during which an egg develops and is released from
an ovary and the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg.
Ovulation - correct answer ✔✔The process of releasing a mature ovum into the fallopian tube
each month
uterine prolapse - correct answer ✔✔the condition in which the uterus slides from its normal
position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina
risk factors for uterine prolapse - correct answer ✔✔menopause, pregnancy, coughing,
constipation, obesity, pelvic floor trauma, vaginal birth, hysterectomy, connective tissue
disorders, spina bifida
,uterine prolapse treatment - correct answer ✔✔- kegel exercises
- estrogen therapy
- maintaining a healthy bmi, preventing constipation, treating chronic cough
- pessary
- surgical option s last resort
polycystic ovarian syndrome - correct answer ✔✔defined as two of the following three features
- irregular ovulation
-elevated adrogens (testosterone)
- and the appearance of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
differentials for pcos - correct answer ✔✔- thyroid dysfunction
- hyperprolactinemia
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Characteristics associated with PCOS - correct answer ✔✔-metabolic dysfunction
- dyslipidemia
- insulin resistance
- obesity
polycystic ovarian syndrome treatment - correct answer ✔✔(1) diagnosis and education;
(2) lifestyle change - loss of 10% of body weight may help;
(3) birth control pills help with some symptoms;
(4) diabetes medications & dietary treatment may slowly normalize physiology (lower sugar,
lower insulin, fewer androgens)
, testicular cancer - correct answer ✔✔malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly
developing from the germ cells that produce sperm; classified in two groups according to
growth potential
conditions that increase risk of testicular cancer - correct answer ✔✔- being a man between the
ages of 20-45
- cryptochidism (undescended testicle)
- family history
- previous testicle cancer
- white men are more likely
symptoms of breast cancer - correct answer ✔✔change in the shape or appearance of your
breasts, skin or nipple changes such as dimpling of the skin, Squeeze each nipple gently to
identify any discharge, chest pain (mets to the lung)
signs of premenstrual dysphoric disorder - correct answer ✔✔physical - breast tenderness,
abdominal bloating, headache and swelling of extremities
emotional - depression anger, irritability and fatigue
resolve with menstruation
causes of dysfunctional uterine bleeding - correct answer ✔✔can be due to structural (polyp,
malignancies and hyperplasia) or non structural causes (coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfuction,
endometrial
treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding - correct answer ✔✔- NSAIDS
(reduce prostaglandin, causes vasoconstriction, and decreased menstrual bleeding)
- Oral contraceptives
- Depo provera
- Levonorgestrel intrauterine device
