NASM CPT Exam 2025: Ultimate Study Guide & Package Deal Review

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Person with a BMI of 30 or greater. .....ANSWER.....Obesity

Individuals who exercise regularly have greater peak

__________ mass. .....ANSWER.....bone

Repeated practices, as well as internal and external

__________, allows for efficient movement to be reproduced

(motor learning). .....ANSWER.....feedback

Research has demonstrated that __________ is altered after

injury. .....ANSWER.....proprioception

Groups of muscles that are recruited by the CNS to produce

movement. .....ANSWER.....Muscle Synergies

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To ensure the HMS moves properly, it must exhibit proper force-

couple relationships, which can only happen if the muscles are at

a good __________ and the joints have proper arthrokinematics

(joint motion). .....ANSWER.....length-tension relationships

Muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a

joint. .....ANSWER.....Force Couple

The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can

produce at this resting length. .....ANSWER.....Length-Tension

Relationships

List and describe the five types of muscle actions.

.....ANSWER.....Isotonic - constant muscle tension; eccentric -

muscle develops tension while lengthening, i.e., the bottom of a

lunge; concentric - muscle shortens (contractile force greater than

resistive force), i.e. coming out of a lunge; isometric - no visible

change in muscle length, i.e., "pause" at the bottom of a lunge;

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isokinetic - muscle shortens at constant speed (used mainly in

rehab settings).

What are the four types of scapular motion?

.....ANSWER.....scapular retraction (shoulder blades together),

scapular protraction (shoulder blades apart), scapular

depression (shoulder blades down), scapular elevation (shoulder

blades up)

Creates front and back halves; motion - adduction/abduction,

lateral flexion, eversion/inversion; axis - anterior/posterior;

example - side lunge (side to side) .....ANSWER.....Frontal Plane

Bisects body into right and left sides; movements -

flexion/extension; axis - coronal; examples - bicep curl, squat,

walking, climbing stairs (front and back) .....ANSWER.....Sagittal

Plane

The position of the body erect with arms at sides and palms

forward. .....ANSWER.....Anatomic Position

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Motion - internal/external rotation, left/right rotation, horizontal

adduction/abduction; axis - longitudinal; examples - throwing,

golfing, swinging a bat, trunk rotation (turn or rotate)

.....ANSWER.....Transverse Plane

Same side of the body (i.e., right foot is __________ to right

hand) .....ANSWER.....Ipsilateral

Opposite side of the body (i.e., right foot is __________ to left

hand) .....ANSWER.....Contralateral

Relatively far from the midline or toward the outside of the body

.....ANSWER.....Lateral

Relatively close to the midline of the body (i.e., adductors)

.....ANSWER.....Medial

Position on or toward the back of the body

.....ANSWER.....Posterior