Page 1 of 72
NR 508 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025 TEST BANK|
NR508 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
REVIEW WITH COMPLETE 450 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
Know Initial treatment choices for HTN .....ANSWER.....Diuretics,
beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, ace inhibitors and
angiotensin II (ARB's)
Know first line treatment options for HTN for African Americans
without renal impairment. .....ANSWER.....Calcium Channel
Blockers with a thiazide or thiazides
First line option for HTN for anyone with chronic kidney disease
.....ANSWER.....Angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin
receptor blockers
Diuretics: Types .....ANSWER.....
,Page 2 of 72
Thiazides and thiazide like (NACL inhibitors):
.....ANSWER.....hydrochlorothiazide,
chlorothiazide,
chlorthalidone,
indapamide,
metolazone
(thiazide-type diuretics work in both the distal tubule and the
connecting segment)
Loop diuretics .....ANSWER.....furosemide,
bumetanide,
ethacrynic acid,
torsemide
(the most potent; act in the thick ascending limb of the loop of
henle)
,Page 3 of 72
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors .....ANSWER.....acetazolamide
(act on the proximal tubule)
Sodium channel blockers .....ANSWER.....triamterene,
amiloride
(potassium sparing diuretics; work in the aldosterone-sensitive
principal cells in the cortical collecting tubule)
Aldosterone antagonists .....ANSWER.....spironolactone,
eplerenone
(potassium sparing diuretics)
hydrochlorothiazide/amiloride,
hydrochlorothiazide/spironolactone,
hydrochlorothiazide/triamterene
are considered what? .....ANSWER.....Fixed-dose combination
therapies
, Page 4 of 72
Diuretic uses: .....ANSWER.....Hypertension, chronic heart failure or
heart failure syndrome, renal failure, and cirrhosis
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors .....ANSWER.....drowsiness,
paresthesias, confusion, tinnitus, transient myopia, anorexia,
altered taste, diarrhea, polyuria, and mild electrolyte
imbalances
Loop diuretics .....ANSWER.....orthostatic hypotension, excessive
diuresis leading to dehydration/hypovolemia and
hemoconcentration, with subsequent hypotension and severe
electrolyte imbalances of potassium, chloride, calcium,
magnesium and sodium, ototoxicity, tinnitus, vertigo,
hyperuricemia
(furosemide: photosensitivity; ethacrynic acid: anorexia &
diarrhea; torsemide: hyperglycemia)
NR 508 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025 TEST BANK|
NR508 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
REVIEW WITH COMPLETE 450 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
Know Initial treatment choices for HTN .....ANSWER.....Diuretics,
beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, ace inhibitors and
angiotensin II (ARB's)
Know first line treatment options for HTN for African Americans
without renal impairment. .....ANSWER.....Calcium Channel
Blockers with a thiazide or thiazides
First line option for HTN for anyone with chronic kidney disease
.....ANSWER.....Angiotensin converting enzymes or angiotensin
receptor blockers
Diuretics: Types .....ANSWER.....
,Page 2 of 72
Thiazides and thiazide like (NACL inhibitors):
.....ANSWER.....hydrochlorothiazide,
chlorothiazide,
chlorthalidone,
indapamide,
metolazone
(thiazide-type diuretics work in both the distal tubule and the
connecting segment)
Loop diuretics .....ANSWER.....furosemide,
bumetanide,
ethacrynic acid,
torsemide
(the most potent; act in the thick ascending limb of the loop of
henle)
,Page 3 of 72
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors .....ANSWER.....acetazolamide
(act on the proximal tubule)
Sodium channel blockers .....ANSWER.....triamterene,
amiloride
(potassium sparing diuretics; work in the aldosterone-sensitive
principal cells in the cortical collecting tubule)
Aldosterone antagonists .....ANSWER.....spironolactone,
eplerenone
(potassium sparing diuretics)
hydrochlorothiazide/amiloride,
hydrochlorothiazide/spironolactone,
hydrochlorothiazide/triamterene
are considered what? .....ANSWER.....Fixed-dose combination
therapies
, Page 4 of 72
Diuretic uses: .....ANSWER.....Hypertension, chronic heart failure or
heart failure syndrome, renal failure, and cirrhosis
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors .....ANSWER.....drowsiness,
paresthesias, confusion, tinnitus, transient myopia, anorexia,
altered taste, diarrhea, polyuria, and mild electrolyte
imbalances
Loop diuretics .....ANSWER.....orthostatic hypotension, excessive
diuresis leading to dehydration/hypovolemia and
hemoconcentration, with subsequent hypotension and severe
electrolyte imbalances of potassium, chloride, calcium,
magnesium and sodium, ototoxicity, tinnitus, vertigo,
hyperuricemia
(furosemide: photosensitivity; ethacrynic acid: anorexia &
diarrhea; torsemide: hyperglycemia)
