Page 1 of 31
NR 283 / NR283 Quiz 2 Study Guide (Latest 2025):
Pathophysiology - Chamberlain
Inflammation is intended to localize and remove injurious
agent(s). True or False. .....ANSWER.....True
What are the local signs of inflammation? .....ANSWER.....Redness
Swelling
Warmth
Pain
Sometimes immobility
Exudate
Causes of inflammation are: physical trauma, chemicals, ischemia,
extreme temperatures, foreign bodies, infection, and allergic
reactions. True or False. .....ANSWER.....True
,Page 2 of 31
What are the systemic effects of inflammation?
.....ANSWER.....mild fever (pyrexia), malaise, fatigue, headache,
anorexia
PRISH stands for .....ANSWER.....Pain
Redness
Immobility
Swelling
Heat
Acute inflammation .....ANSWER.....Immediate response to an
injury with a short duration
What is the role of bradykinin? .....ANSWER.....it is a vasodilator,
increases vascular permeability (edema) and raises heart rate
also causes pain (along with prostaglandins) because the
increased fluid stimulates the nerve endings
,Page 3 of 31
What is the role of histamine? .....ANSWER.....increases the
permeability of the capillaries to white blood cells and some
proteins, to allow them to engage pathogens in the infected
tissues and contributes to vasodilation.
What are the steps of inflammation? .....ANSWER.....1. Wound
occurs
2. Chemicals are released which cause vascular dilation and
vascular permeability
3. Chemotaxis (migration of cells toward area)
4. Phagocytosis and Humoral responses
5. Tissue repair (Fibroblasts chemicals)
chronic inflammation .....ANSWER.....prolonged inflammatory
response
What is the difference between acute and chronic inflammation?
.....ANSWER.....Chronic inflammation is a prolonged inflammatory
, Page 4 of 31
response with less swelling and exudate. There is a higher
presence of lymphocytes, macrophages ,and fibroblasts. More
collagen is produced, developing scar tissue and/or keloids.
Acute inflammation is an immediate response with a shorter
duration to start the healing process.
Treatments for inflammation .....ANSWER.....ASA: Aspirin reduces
pain, fever, and inflammation. Interferes with blood clotting and
never recommended for children (reye's syndrome).
Acetaminophen: Tylenol reduces pain and fever, but has no
affect on inflammatory response.
NSAIDs: Ibuprofen reduces pain, fever, and inflammation.
NR 283 / NR283 Quiz 2 Study Guide (Latest 2025):
Pathophysiology - Chamberlain
Inflammation is intended to localize and remove injurious
agent(s). True or False. .....ANSWER.....True
What are the local signs of inflammation? .....ANSWER.....Redness
Swelling
Warmth
Pain
Sometimes immobility
Exudate
Causes of inflammation are: physical trauma, chemicals, ischemia,
extreme temperatures, foreign bodies, infection, and allergic
reactions. True or False. .....ANSWER.....True
,Page 2 of 31
What are the systemic effects of inflammation?
.....ANSWER.....mild fever (pyrexia), malaise, fatigue, headache,
anorexia
PRISH stands for .....ANSWER.....Pain
Redness
Immobility
Swelling
Heat
Acute inflammation .....ANSWER.....Immediate response to an
injury with a short duration
What is the role of bradykinin? .....ANSWER.....it is a vasodilator,
increases vascular permeability (edema) and raises heart rate
also causes pain (along with prostaglandins) because the
increased fluid stimulates the nerve endings
,Page 3 of 31
What is the role of histamine? .....ANSWER.....increases the
permeability of the capillaries to white blood cells and some
proteins, to allow them to engage pathogens in the infected
tissues and contributes to vasodilation.
What are the steps of inflammation? .....ANSWER.....1. Wound
occurs
2. Chemicals are released which cause vascular dilation and
vascular permeability
3. Chemotaxis (migration of cells toward area)
4. Phagocytosis and Humoral responses
5. Tissue repair (Fibroblasts chemicals)
chronic inflammation .....ANSWER.....prolonged inflammatory
response
What is the difference between acute and chronic inflammation?
.....ANSWER.....Chronic inflammation is a prolonged inflammatory
, Page 4 of 31
response with less swelling and exudate. There is a higher
presence of lymphocytes, macrophages ,and fibroblasts. More
collagen is produced, developing scar tissue and/or keloids.
Acute inflammation is an immediate response with a shorter
duration to start the healing process.
Treatments for inflammation .....ANSWER.....ASA: Aspirin reduces
pain, fever, and inflammation. Interferes with blood clotting and
never recommended for children (reye's syndrome).
Acetaminophen: Tylenol reduces pain and fever, but has no
affect on inflammatory response.
NSAIDs: Ibuprofen reduces pain, fever, and inflammation.
