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Summary NUR2459 / NUR 2459: Exam 2 Review Study
Guide (Latest 2025) Mental and Behavioral Health
Nursing - Rasmussen
Delirium .....ANSWER.....A sudden, fluctuating, reversible
disturbance in attention and consciousness.
- onset: sudden; hours to days.
- causes: infection, medication side effects, metabolic imbalances.
- S/S: disorientation, hallucinations, poor attention, agitation or
lethargy.
- interventions: treat underlying cause, ensure safety,
reorientation, monitoring VS and labs.
Dementia .....ANSWER.....A chronic, progressive, irreversible
decline in multiple areas of cognitive functioning.
- onset: gradual, insidious; months to years.
- causes: genetic, neurodegeneration, infection.
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- S/S: memory loss, aphasia, apraxia, impaired judgment.
- interventions: routine maintenance, clear communication, ADL
assistance, caregiver education.
Alzheimer's Dementia .....ANSWER.....The most common type of
dementia is _______.
Mild Alzheimer's Dementia .....ANSWER.....Alzheimer's
characterized by forgetfulness, misplacing items, difficulty with
complex tasks.
Moderate Alzheimer's Dementia .....ANSWER.....Alzheimer's
characterized by loss of functional abilities, personality changes,
and confusion.
Severe Alzheimer's Dementia .....ANSWER.....Alzheimer's
characterized by total dependence, inability to communicate or
recognize others, and increased risk of injury or infection.
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Preventing wandering or injury. .....ANSWER.....A safety priority
for clients with advanced dementia is __________.
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) .....ANSWER.....A decline in
cognitive function that is greater than expected for age but does
not significantly impact daily activities.
Cholinesterase Inhibitors .....ANSWER.....Medications that increase
available acetylcholine, thought to enhance memory.
- drugs: galantamine, rivastigmine, donepezil.
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) Antagonists
.....ANSWER.....Antagonists at NMDA-glutamatergic ion channels,
making more acetylcholine available.
- drugs: memantine.
Addiction .....ANSWER.....A primary, chronic disease of brain
reward, motivation, and memory; inability to recognize the
Summary NUR2459 / NUR 2459: Exam 2 Review Study
Guide (Latest 2025) Mental and Behavioral Health
Nursing - Rasmussen
Delirium .....ANSWER.....A sudden, fluctuating, reversible
disturbance in attention and consciousness.
- onset: sudden; hours to days.
- causes: infection, medication side effects, metabolic imbalances.
- S/S: disorientation, hallucinations, poor attention, agitation or
lethargy.
- interventions: treat underlying cause, ensure safety,
reorientation, monitoring VS and labs.
Dementia .....ANSWER.....A chronic, progressive, irreversible
decline in multiple areas of cognitive functioning.
- onset: gradual, insidious; months to years.
- causes: genetic, neurodegeneration, infection.
,Page 2 of 28
- S/S: memory loss, aphasia, apraxia, impaired judgment.
- interventions: routine maintenance, clear communication, ADL
assistance, caregiver education.
Alzheimer's Dementia .....ANSWER.....The most common type of
dementia is _______.
Mild Alzheimer's Dementia .....ANSWER.....Alzheimer's
characterized by forgetfulness, misplacing items, difficulty with
complex tasks.
Moderate Alzheimer's Dementia .....ANSWER.....Alzheimer's
characterized by loss of functional abilities, personality changes,
and confusion.
Severe Alzheimer's Dementia .....ANSWER.....Alzheimer's
characterized by total dependence, inability to communicate or
recognize others, and increased risk of injury or infection.
, Page 3 of 28
Preventing wandering or injury. .....ANSWER.....A safety priority
for clients with advanced dementia is __________.
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) .....ANSWER.....A decline in
cognitive function that is greater than expected for age but does
not significantly impact daily activities.
Cholinesterase Inhibitors .....ANSWER.....Medications that increase
available acetylcholine, thought to enhance memory.
- drugs: galantamine, rivastigmine, donepezil.
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) Antagonists
.....ANSWER.....Antagonists at NMDA-glutamatergic ion channels,
making more acetylcholine available.
- drugs: memantine.
Addiction .....ANSWER.....A primary, chronic disease of brain
reward, motivation, and memory; inability to recognize the
