Page 1 of 175
Summary NUR 2115 / NUR2115 Exam 2 Study Guide
(Latest 2025): Fundamentals of Professional Nursing -
Rasmussen
Renal failure .....ANSWER.....A reduction (or absence) of kidney
function
Acid base balance
Water removal
Erythropoesis
Toxin Removal
Blood pressure control
Electrolyte balance
Vitamin D activation .....ANSWER.....Functions of the Kidney:
Acronym for "A WET BED"
CKD .....ANSWER.....Type of Renal Failure:
,Page 2 of 175
Kidney damage or a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate
(GFR) lasting for 3 or more months
-GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for 3 or more months
-May result from Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, HTN, and
obesity, glomulerulonephritis and polynephritis; polycystic,
hereditary, or congenital disorders; and renal cancer
-Associated disease processes:Nephrosclerosis and Primary
glomular disease
-If untreated, can result in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)
Inflammation
GFR
BUN and creatinine
Anemia, metabolic acidosis, imbalanced calcium and phosphorus,
fluid retention .....ANSWER.....Pathophysiology of CKD:
Linked to prolonged acute ___________________
,Page 3 of 175
-As the nephrons are damaged, the _______________ begins to
decline
-Waste products in the blood begin to build
up:________________ and _________________
-Renal function declines --> Leading to _________________,
_________________, ____________________,
_________________
Mild to no symptoms
May develop azotemia
Stage 1 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: 90 or above
Kidney damage with normal or increased GFR
Stage 2 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: 60-89
, Page 4 of 175
Kidney damage with mild decrease in GFR
Stage 3 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: 30-59
Moderate decrease in GFR
Stage 4 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: 15-29
Severe decrease in GFR
Stage 5 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: Less than 15 or dialysis/ kidney transplant
ESKD or chronic renal failure
Primary Glomerular Disease .....ANSWER.....Associated Disease
Process of CKD:
Diseases that destroy the glomerulus of the kidney
Summary NUR 2115 / NUR2115 Exam 2 Study Guide
(Latest 2025): Fundamentals of Professional Nursing -
Rasmussen
Renal failure .....ANSWER.....A reduction (or absence) of kidney
function
Acid base balance
Water removal
Erythropoesis
Toxin Removal
Blood pressure control
Electrolyte balance
Vitamin D activation .....ANSWER.....Functions of the Kidney:
Acronym for "A WET BED"
CKD .....ANSWER.....Type of Renal Failure:
,Page 2 of 175
Kidney damage or a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate
(GFR) lasting for 3 or more months
-GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for 3 or more months
-May result from Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, HTN, and
obesity, glomulerulonephritis and polynephritis; polycystic,
hereditary, or congenital disorders; and renal cancer
-Associated disease processes:Nephrosclerosis and Primary
glomular disease
-If untreated, can result in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)
Inflammation
GFR
BUN and creatinine
Anemia, metabolic acidosis, imbalanced calcium and phosphorus,
fluid retention .....ANSWER.....Pathophysiology of CKD:
Linked to prolonged acute ___________________
,Page 3 of 175
-As the nephrons are damaged, the _______________ begins to
decline
-Waste products in the blood begin to build
up:________________ and _________________
-Renal function declines --> Leading to _________________,
_________________, ____________________,
_________________
Mild to no symptoms
May develop azotemia
Stage 1 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: 90 or above
Kidney damage with normal or increased GFR
Stage 2 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: 60-89
, Page 4 of 175
Kidney damage with mild decrease in GFR
Stage 3 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: 30-59
Moderate decrease in GFR
Stage 4 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: 15-29
Severe decrease in GFR
Stage 5 .....ANSWER.....Stage of CKD:
GFR: Less than 15 or dialysis/ kidney transplant
ESKD or chronic renal failure
Primary Glomerular Disease .....ANSWER.....Associated Disease
Process of CKD:
Diseases that destroy the glomerulus of the kidney
