1|Page
PHIL 101 EXAM 3 JMU YATES QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS SOLVED 100% CORRECT!!
For Aristotle what is the difference between intellectual
and moral virtues? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Intellectual
virtues: excellences of mind; acquired by inheritance and
education.
Moral Virtues: acquired by repetition or practice
What sorts of intellectual virtues are there and how do
people come to acquire them? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Philosophical wisdom; practical wisdom: knowing how to
live life and achieve goals.
How do people cultivate moral virtues?
Examples of moral virtues - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ virtue
is a habit, done naturally and easily; ex. courage,
modesty, justice, truthfulness, friendliness.
What does Aristotle mean by "happiness" (eudaimonia)?
- .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Happiness or "eudaimonia"
meaning long term well being or human flourishing.
,2|Page
What is the function of a human being? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ The function of a human is to use reason in
pursuit of a good life.
What material goods or circumstances are also
necessary for someone's happiness? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ External goods: wisdom, health, luck, wealth,
etc.
What is the ultimate end toward which all our actions
are aimed, "telos"? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ To live a
happy life. virtuous life> good life> happy life
What characteristics did Aristotle recognize as virtues? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ Aristotle's virtues: courage, justice,
friendliness, modesty, liberality, aspiration, pride,
temperance, wittiness.
How are these sets of virtues generally characteristic of
and valued by certain groups of people? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ These virtues are mostly recognized by
aristocratic, wealthy males during war times
Why is a person who is painfully following his or her
conscience not thereby virtuous, according to Aristotle? -
,3|Page
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ Because they are having to work
for it. Work hard enough it becomes second nature.
Saints are inherently good, no second guessing =
virtuous.
According to Aristotle, would a moral ideal have to fight
off temptation and struggle to be good? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ If you were really good, you would not even
be tempted. Does right thing without much struggle;
easy, natural, spontaneous.
"Men come to be builders, for instance, by building;
harp-players, by playing on the harp." What does
Aristotle mean by this quote and what is its significance
to moral virtue (Nicomachean Ethics)? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ Aristotle means by acting in relations that we
are thrown, some come to be just and some come to be
unjust. Moral virtue can be learned through practice until
it becomes habit. Follow good role models and follow
the golden mean.
How is choosing the mean relative to the individual and
not to be calculated by some arithmetical proportion
(Nicomachean Ethics)? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ The mean
for everyone is going to be different because everyone
is different
, 4|Page
For example, how is picking the right amount of food
relative to each person and not absolute? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ Picking the right food is relative not absolute
because not everyone is the same.
For example, big guy needs to eat lots to be content
while small guy eats less to be content
In the Nicomachean Ethics, how does Aristotle describe
the virtue of courage, liberality and friendliness? What
vice of deficiency and excess correspond to each virtue?
- .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Courage= excess: absence of
fear or in positive confidence (rash). Mean state:
courageous. Defect: too much fear and too little
confidence (coward).
Liberality= excess: prodigality- gives too much. Mean
state: liberality. Defect: stinginess- gives too little.
Friendliness= excess: flatterer. Mean state: friendliness.
Defect: quarrelsome.
What is the Heinz Dilemma? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Heinz dilemma: Heinz can't afford to pay for the
medicine his wife needs. Should Heinz steal medicine
from a pharmacist to save the life of his sick wife?
PHIL 101 EXAM 3 JMU YATES QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS SOLVED 100% CORRECT!!
For Aristotle what is the difference between intellectual
and moral virtues? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Intellectual
virtues: excellences of mind; acquired by inheritance and
education.
Moral Virtues: acquired by repetition or practice
What sorts of intellectual virtues are there and how do
people come to acquire them? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Philosophical wisdom; practical wisdom: knowing how to
live life and achieve goals.
How do people cultivate moral virtues?
Examples of moral virtues - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ virtue
is a habit, done naturally and easily; ex. courage,
modesty, justice, truthfulness, friendliness.
What does Aristotle mean by "happiness" (eudaimonia)?
- .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Happiness or "eudaimonia"
meaning long term well being or human flourishing.
,2|Page
What is the function of a human being? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ The function of a human is to use reason in
pursuit of a good life.
What material goods or circumstances are also
necessary for someone's happiness? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ External goods: wisdom, health, luck, wealth,
etc.
What is the ultimate end toward which all our actions
are aimed, "telos"? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ To live a
happy life. virtuous life> good life> happy life
What characteristics did Aristotle recognize as virtues? -
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ Aristotle's virtues: courage, justice,
friendliness, modesty, liberality, aspiration, pride,
temperance, wittiness.
How are these sets of virtues generally characteristic of
and valued by certain groups of people? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ These virtues are mostly recognized by
aristocratic, wealthy males during war times
Why is a person who is painfully following his or her
conscience not thereby virtuous, according to Aristotle? -
,3|Page
.....ANSWER ...✔✔ Because they are having to work
for it. Work hard enough it becomes second nature.
Saints are inherently good, no second guessing =
virtuous.
According to Aristotle, would a moral ideal have to fight
off temptation and struggle to be good? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ If you were really good, you would not even
be tempted. Does right thing without much struggle;
easy, natural, spontaneous.
"Men come to be builders, for instance, by building;
harp-players, by playing on the harp." What does
Aristotle mean by this quote and what is its significance
to moral virtue (Nicomachean Ethics)? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ Aristotle means by acting in relations that we
are thrown, some come to be just and some come to be
unjust. Moral virtue can be learned through practice until
it becomes habit. Follow good role models and follow
the golden mean.
How is choosing the mean relative to the individual and
not to be calculated by some arithmetical proportion
(Nicomachean Ethics)? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔ The mean
for everyone is going to be different because everyone
is different
, 4|Page
For example, how is picking the right amount of food
relative to each person and not absolute? - .....ANSWER
...✔✔ Picking the right food is relative not absolute
because not everyone is the same.
For example, big guy needs to eat lots to be content
while small guy eats less to be content
In the Nicomachean Ethics, how does Aristotle describe
the virtue of courage, liberality and friendliness? What
vice of deficiency and excess correspond to each virtue?
- .....ANSWER ...✔✔ Courage= excess: absence of
fear or in positive confidence (rash). Mean state:
courageous. Defect: too much fear and too little
confidence (coward).
Liberality= excess: prodigality- gives too much. Mean
state: liberality. Defect: stinginess- gives too little.
Friendliness= excess: flatterer. Mean state: friendliness.
Defect: quarrelsome.
What is the Heinz Dilemma? - .....ANSWER ...✔✔
Heinz dilemma: Heinz can't afford to pay for the
medicine his wife needs. Should Heinz steal medicine
from a pharmacist to save the life of his sick wife?
