Biology 1406 Exam 2 review||Latest
Exam With Detailed Questions And
Well Verified Answers||Graded A+
Cell Theory -CORRECT ANSWER All living organisms are composed of one or more
cells.
What are the 3 important parameters in microsopy? -CORRECT ANSWER
Magnification, resoultion, and contrast.
Cell structure relies on what 4 factors? -CORRECT ANSWER Matter, energy,
organization, and information
What are the 2 categories all forms of life based on cell structure? -CORRECT
ANSWER Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
The proetome of a cell determines its ? -CORRECT ANSWER Structure and function.
Prokaryotic cell -CORRECT ANSWER Reletively simple sturctures without a nucleus,
put into either bacteria/archaea categories, composed of a cell wall and a glycocalyx
Eukaryotic cell -CORRECT ANSWER Compartmentalized into organelles and contain
a nucleus that houses thier DNA.
Cytosol -CORRECT ANSWER Central coordinating region for many metabolic activites
of eukaryotic
Metabolism -CORRECT ANSWER Sum of all chemical reactions by cells
Cytoskeleton -CORRECT ANSWER 3 diffrent types of protein filiments: microtubules,
intermediate filiments, and actin filaments. All are important for cell shape.
What are the fuctions of the nucleus? -CORRECT ANSWER Organization and
expression of the cell's genetic material, and to also assemble the ribosomes in the
nucleolus.
What is included in the endomembrane system ? -CORRECT ANSWER nucleus,
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, plasma membrane and vacuoles
Palade's pulse-chase experiments demonstrated what? -CORRECT ANSWER That
secreted proteins move sequentialy through the ER and Golgi apparatus.
, Lysosomes -CORRECT ANSWER Contain acid hydrolases that perform hydrolysis,
degrading macromolecules
What are the 3 types and fuctions of vaculoes? -CORRECT ANSWER Central vacuole-
in plants for storage and support
Contractile vacuole- in protists for expelling water
Phagocytic vacuoles-in protists and white blood cells for degradation
Peroxisomes -CORRECT ANSWER Catalyze certain reactions that break down
molecules by removing hydrogen or adding oxygen, are found in the ER
Plasma Membrane -CORRECT ANSWER Perform - membrane transport, cell
signaling, and cell adhesion.
Semiautonomous Organelles -CORRECT ANSWER The mitochondria and chloroplast
which can grow and divide to reproduce themselves by binoary fission, but they are not
completely autonomous because they depend on other parts of the cell for their internal
components, also contain own DNA
Mitochondria -CORRECT ANSWER Primary role is to make ATP, yet also involved in
the synthesis, modification, and breakdown of several types of cellular molecules
Chloroplast -CORRECT ANSWER Only found in plant cells and carries out
photosynthesis
Endosymbiosis Theory -CORRECT ANSWER Mitochondria and chloroplasts have
evolved from bacteria that took up residence in early eukaryotic cells.
Fluid-mosaic model -CORRECT ANSWER Accepted model of membranes, where the
phosphlipid bilayer is the basic framework, has a mosaic of lipids, proteins, and
attached carbohydrates.
Membranes are ? -CORRECT ANSWER Semifluid (essential for normal cell function,
growth, and divsion).
What are the 3 main types of membrane proteins? -CORRECT ANSWER
Transmembrane proteins, lipid-anchored proteins, and peripheral proteins
What the the factors that affect fluidity of membranes ? -CORRECT ANSWER Length
of tail, presence of double bonds, and amount of cholesterol
Glycoslyation -CORRECT ANSWER Attachment of a carbohydrate to protein or lipid
that produces either glycolipids or glycoproteins.
Carbohydrate can serve as a ? -CORRECT ANSWER Recognition marker or a
protective cell coat
Exam With Detailed Questions And
Well Verified Answers||Graded A+
Cell Theory -CORRECT ANSWER All living organisms are composed of one or more
cells.
What are the 3 important parameters in microsopy? -CORRECT ANSWER
Magnification, resoultion, and contrast.
Cell structure relies on what 4 factors? -CORRECT ANSWER Matter, energy,
organization, and information
What are the 2 categories all forms of life based on cell structure? -CORRECT
ANSWER Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
The proetome of a cell determines its ? -CORRECT ANSWER Structure and function.
Prokaryotic cell -CORRECT ANSWER Reletively simple sturctures without a nucleus,
put into either bacteria/archaea categories, composed of a cell wall and a glycocalyx
Eukaryotic cell -CORRECT ANSWER Compartmentalized into organelles and contain
a nucleus that houses thier DNA.
Cytosol -CORRECT ANSWER Central coordinating region for many metabolic activites
of eukaryotic
Metabolism -CORRECT ANSWER Sum of all chemical reactions by cells
Cytoskeleton -CORRECT ANSWER 3 diffrent types of protein filiments: microtubules,
intermediate filiments, and actin filaments. All are important for cell shape.
What are the fuctions of the nucleus? -CORRECT ANSWER Organization and
expression of the cell's genetic material, and to also assemble the ribosomes in the
nucleolus.
What is included in the endomembrane system ? -CORRECT ANSWER nucleus,
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, plasma membrane and vacuoles
Palade's pulse-chase experiments demonstrated what? -CORRECT ANSWER That
secreted proteins move sequentialy through the ER and Golgi apparatus.
, Lysosomes -CORRECT ANSWER Contain acid hydrolases that perform hydrolysis,
degrading macromolecules
What are the 3 types and fuctions of vaculoes? -CORRECT ANSWER Central vacuole-
in plants for storage and support
Contractile vacuole- in protists for expelling water
Phagocytic vacuoles-in protists and white blood cells for degradation
Peroxisomes -CORRECT ANSWER Catalyze certain reactions that break down
molecules by removing hydrogen or adding oxygen, are found in the ER
Plasma Membrane -CORRECT ANSWER Perform - membrane transport, cell
signaling, and cell adhesion.
Semiautonomous Organelles -CORRECT ANSWER The mitochondria and chloroplast
which can grow and divide to reproduce themselves by binoary fission, but they are not
completely autonomous because they depend on other parts of the cell for their internal
components, also contain own DNA
Mitochondria -CORRECT ANSWER Primary role is to make ATP, yet also involved in
the synthesis, modification, and breakdown of several types of cellular molecules
Chloroplast -CORRECT ANSWER Only found in plant cells and carries out
photosynthesis
Endosymbiosis Theory -CORRECT ANSWER Mitochondria and chloroplasts have
evolved from bacteria that took up residence in early eukaryotic cells.
Fluid-mosaic model -CORRECT ANSWER Accepted model of membranes, where the
phosphlipid bilayer is the basic framework, has a mosaic of lipids, proteins, and
attached carbohydrates.
Membranes are ? -CORRECT ANSWER Semifluid (essential for normal cell function,
growth, and divsion).
What are the 3 main types of membrane proteins? -CORRECT ANSWER
Transmembrane proteins, lipid-anchored proteins, and peripheral proteins
What the the factors that affect fluidity of membranes ? -CORRECT ANSWER Length
of tail, presence of double bonds, and amount of cholesterol
Glycoslyation -CORRECT ANSWER Attachment of a carbohydrate to protein or lipid
that produces either glycolipids or glycoproteins.
Carbohydrate can serve as a ? -CORRECT ANSWER Recognition marker or a
protective cell coat
