understanding of business terminology, theories, and principles.Case Studies: A staple of
business exams, case studies present students with real-world business scenarios and ask
them to apply their knowledge to solve complex problems. Case studies evaluate students'
ability to think critically and make strategic decisions.Essay/Short Answer Questions:
These types of questions test the student’s ability to explain and analyze business concepts
in a detailed and coherent manner.1.3. Skills Tested in Business ExamsCritical Thinking
and Problem-Solving: Business exams often include case studies that challenge students to
apply theoretical knowledge to real-life situations. These tests assess decision-making
skills, as well as the ability to evaluate various business alternatives.Quantitative Analysis:
For subjects like finance or economics, business exams often require students to perform
calculations and interpret data. The ability to analyze financial statements, project
revenues, and manage budgets is essential.Communication and Writing Skills: Business
exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey
complex concepts in a way that demonstrates their understanding of business
principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves
mastering both conceptual understanding and practical
TEST BANK For
WONG’S NURSING CARE OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN 12TH EDITION by Marilyn J. Hockenberry,
Elizabeth A. Duffy, Karen
Chapter 1-34
Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States?
a. Heart disease
b. Childhood cancer
c. Injuries
d. Congenital anomalies
ANS: C
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through
adolescence. The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital
anomalies, and childhood cancers and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of
deaths in children older than 1 year of age.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, ―What is meant by family-centered care?‖ The
nurse should respond with which statement?
a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family.
b. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system.
c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child‘s life.
d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making
process.
ANS: C
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support.
Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child‘s life. The family
should be enabled and empowered to work with the health care system and is expected to be
, part of the decision-making process. The nurse should also support the family‘s cultural
diversity, not reduce its effect.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which?
a. Using information in textbooks to guide care
b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition
c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making
d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child‘s health and family situation
ANS: B
EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions;
and questioning the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the integration of
the best research evidence combined with clinical expertise and patient values.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
4. The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-school program
about childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?
a. Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem among children.
b. Immunization rates are the same among children of different races and ethnicity.
c. Dental caries is not a problem commonly seen in children since the introduction of
fluorinated water.
d. Mental health problems are typically not seen in school-age children but may be
diagnosed in adolescents.
arises from the use of human embryos in research, as some argue that it is morally wrong to destroy embryos for the
purpose of scientific experimentation.Legally, stem cell research is subject to varying levels of regulation. In some
countries, research involving embryonic stem cells is heavily restricted or banned, while in others, it is permitted
with appropriate ethical oversight. Balancing the potential for medical breakthroughs with the respect for human life
remains a central ethical challenge.### 11. **Conclusion: Balancing Ethics and Law**Ethical and legal issues will
continue to evolve in response to societal changes, technological advancements, and global challenges. The interplay
between ethics and law is complex, with each domain influencing the other. Ethical considerations often guide legal
frameworks, while laws serve as the structure for enforcing moral principles within society.In many cases, ethical
issues remain subjective, with no clear right or wrong answer, while legal frameworks aim to provide definitive rules
and consequences. The challenge for individuals,
ANS: A
When teaching parents of school-age children about childhood health problems, the nurse
should include information about childhood obesity because it is the most common problem
among children and is associated with type 2 diabetes. Teaching parents about ways to
prevent obesity is important to include. Immunization rates differ depending on the child‘s
race and ethnicity; dental caries continues to be a common chronic disease in childhood; and
mental health problems are seen in children as young as school age, not just in adolescents.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse
plan to ensure atraumatic care?
a. Limit explanation of procedures because the child is preschool aged.
b. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures.
c. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oral
medications.
d. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there
is not time for it to be effective.
, ANS: C
The overriding goal in providing atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing the child, a
choice of juice to drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a sense of
control. The preschool child should be prepared before procedures, so limiting explanations of
procedures would increase anxiety. The family should be allowed to stay with the child during
procedures, minimizing stress. Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a topical local
anesthetic. The nurse should plan to use the prescribed cream in time for morning laboratory
draws to minimize pain.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic nurse–patient–family relationship?
a. The nurse is planning to read a favorite fairy tale to a patient.
b. During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child.
c. The nurse is discussing with a fellow nurse the emotional draw to a certain patient.
d. The nurse is working with a family to find ways to decrease the family‘s
dependence on health care providers.
ANS: B
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic and shows an under
involvement with the parents. Reading a fairy tale is a therapeutic and age-appropriate action.
Discussing feelings of an emotional draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and shows a
willingness to understand feelings. Working with parents to decrease dependence on health
care providers is therapeutic and helps to empower the family.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Caring
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. The nurse is aware that which age-group is at risk for childhood injury because of the
cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?
a. Preschool
b. Young school age
c. Middle school age
d. Adolescent
ANS: A
Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking,
meaning they are unable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle
school-aged children have transitional cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous
acts without detailed planning but recognize danger to themselves or others. Adolescents have
formal operational cognitive processes and are preoccupied with abstract thinking.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
8. The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which
child has the most risk factors related to childhood injury?
a. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life
b. Male, high activity level, stressful home life
c. Male, even tempered, history of previous injuries
d. Female, reacts negatively to new situations, no serious previous injuries
ANS: B
Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because of a difference in behavioral
characteristics, a high activity temperament is associated with risk-taking behaviors, and stress
predisposes children to increased risk taking and self-destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male
child with a high activity level and living in a stressful environment has the highest number of
, risk factors. A girl with several siblings and a stable home life is low risk. A boy with
previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temper is not a risk factor for injuries. A
girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses has only one
risk factor.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
9. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his
parents. Which moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make
decisions?
a. Justice
b. Autonomy
c. Beneficence
d. Nonmaleficence
ANS: B
Autonomy is the patient‘s right to be self-governing. The adolescent is trying to be
autonomous, so the nurse is supporting this value. Justice is the concept of fairness.
Beneficence is the obligation to promote the patient‘s well-being. Nonmaleficence is the
obligation to minimize or prevent harm.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which responsibilities are included in the pediatric nurse‘s promotion of the health and
well-being of children? (Select all that apply.)
a. Promoting disease prevention
b. Providing financial assistance
c. Providing support and counseling
d. Establishing lifelong friendships
e. Establishing a therapeutic relationship
f. Participating in ethical decision making
ANS: A, C, E, F
The pediatric nurse‘s role includes promoting disease prevention, providing support and
counseling, establishing a therapeutic relationship, and participating in ethical decision
making; a pediatric nurse does not need to establish lifelong friendships or provide financial
assistance to children and their families. Boundaries should be set and clear.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse is conducting a teaching session for parents on nutrition. Which characteristics of
families should the nurse consider, that can cause families to struggle in providing adequate
nutrition? (Select all that apply.)
a. Homelessness
b. Lower income
c. Migrant status
d. Working parents
e. Single parent status
ANS: A, B, C
Families that struggle with lower incomes, homelessness, and migrant status generally lack
the resources to provide their children with adequate food intake, nutritious foods such as
fresh fruits and vegetables, and appropriate protein intake. Working parents and single parent
business exams, case studies present students with real-world business scenarios and ask
them to apply their knowledge to solve complex problems. Case studies evaluate students'
ability to think critically and make strategic decisions.Essay/Short Answer Questions:
These types of questions test the student’s ability to explain and analyze business concepts
in a detailed and coherent manner.1.3. Skills Tested in Business ExamsCritical Thinking
and Problem-Solving: Business exams often include case studies that challenge students to
apply theoretical knowledge to real-life situations. These tests assess decision-making
skills, as well as the ability to evaluate various business alternatives.Quantitative Analysis:
For subjects like finance or economics, business exams often require students to perform
calculations and interpret data. The ability to analyze financial statements, project
revenues, and manage budgets is essential.Communication and Writing Skills: Business
exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey
complex concepts in a way that demonstrates their understanding of business
principles.1.4. Preparing for Business ExamsPreparing for business exams involves
mastering both conceptual understanding and practical
TEST BANK For
WONG’S NURSING CARE OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN 12TH EDITION by Marilyn J. Hockenberry,
Elizabeth A. Duffy, Karen
Chapter 1-34
Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States?
a. Heart disease
b. Childhood cancer
c. Injuries
d. Congenital anomalies
ANS: C
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through
adolescence. The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital
anomalies, and childhood cancers and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of
deaths in children older than 1 year of age.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, ―What is meant by family-centered care?‖ The
nurse should respond with which statement?
a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family.
b. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system.
c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child‘s life.
d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making
process.
ANS: C
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support.
Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child‘s life. The family
should be enabled and empowered to work with the health care system and is expected to be
, part of the decision-making process. The nurse should also support the family‘s cultural
diversity, not reduce its effect.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which?
a. Using information in textbooks to guide care
b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition
c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making
d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child‘s health and family situation
ANS: B
EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions;
and questioning the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the integration of
the best research evidence combined with clinical expertise and patient values.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
4. The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-school program
about childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?
a. Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem among children.
b. Immunization rates are the same among children of different races and ethnicity.
c. Dental caries is not a problem commonly seen in children since the introduction of
fluorinated water.
d. Mental health problems are typically not seen in school-age children but may be
diagnosed in adolescents.
arises from the use of human embryos in research, as some argue that it is morally wrong to destroy embryos for the
purpose of scientific experimentation.Legally, stem cell research is subject to varying levels of regulation. In some
countries, research involving embryonic stem cells is heavily restricted or banned, while in others, it is permitted
with appropriate ethical oversight. Balancing the potential for medical breakthroughs with the respect for human life
remains a central ethical challenge.### 11. **Conclusion: Balancing Ethics and Law**Ethical and legal issues will
continue to evolve in response to societal changes, technological advancements, and global challenges. The interplay
between ethics and law is complex, with each domain influencing the other. Ethical considerations often guide legal
frameworks, while laws serve as the structure for enforcing moral principles within society.In many cases, ethical
issues remain subjective, with no clear right or wrong answer, while legal frameworks aim to provide definitive rules
and consequences. The challenge for individuals,
ANS: A
When teaching parents of school-age children about childhood health problems, the nurse
should include information about childhood obesity because it is the most common problem
among children and is associated with type 2 diabetes. Teaching parents about ways to
prevent obesity is important to include. Immunization rates differ depending on the child‘s
race and ethnicity; dental caries continues to be a common chronic disease in childhood; and
mental health problems are seen in children as young as school age, not just in adolescents.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse
plan to ensure atraumatic care?
a. Limit explanation of procedures because the child is preschool aged.
b. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures.
c. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oral
medications.
d. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there
is not time for it to be effective.
, ANS: C
The overriding goal in providing atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing the child, a
choice of juice to drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a sense of
control. The preschool child should be prepared before procedures, so limiting explanations of
procedures would increase anxiety. The family should be allowed to stay with the child during
procedures, minimizing stress. Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a topical local
anesthetic. The nurse should plan to use the prescribed cream in time for morning laboratory
draws to minimize pain.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic nurse–patient–family relationship?
a. The nurse is planning to read a favorite fairy tale to a patient.
b. During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child.
c. The nurse is discussing with a fellow nurse the emotional draw to a certain patient.
d. The nurse is working with a family to find ways to decrease the family‘s
dependence on health care providers.
ANS: B
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic and shows an under
involvement with the parents. Reading a fairy tale is a therapeutic and age-appropriate action.
Discussing feelings of an emotional draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and shows a
willingness to understand feelings. Working with parents to decrease dependence on health
care providers is therapeutic and helps to empower the family.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Integrated Process: Caring
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
7. The nurse is aware that which age-group is at risk for childhood injury because of the
cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?
a. Preschool
b. Young school age
c. Middle school age
d. Adolescent
ANS: A
Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking,
meaning they are unable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle
school-aged children have transitional cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous
acts without detailed planning but recognize danger to themselves or others. Adolescents have
formal operational cognitive processes and are preoccupied with abstract thinking.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
8. The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which
child has the most risk factors related to childhood injury?
a. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life
b. Male, high activity level, stressful home life
c. Male, even tempered, history of previous injuries
d. Female, reacts negatively to new situations, no serious previous injuries
ANS: B
Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because of a difference in behavioral
characteristics, a high activity temperament is associated with risk-taking behaviors, and stress
predisposes children to increased risk taking and self-destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male
child with a high activity level and living in a stressful environment has the highest number of
, risk factors. A girl with several siblings and a stable home life is low risk. A boy with
previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temper is not a risk factor for injuries. A
girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses has only one
risk factor.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
9. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his
parents. Which moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make
decisions?
a. Justice
b. Autonomy
c. Beneficence
d. Nonmaleficence
ANS: B
Autonomy is the patient‘s right to be self-governing. The adolescent is trying to be
autonomous, so the nurse is supporting this value. Justice is the concept of fairness.
Beneficence is the obligation to promote the patient‘s well-being. Nonmaleficence is the
obligation to minimize or prevent harm.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which responsibilities are included in the pediatric nurse‘s promotion of the health and
well-being of children? (Select all that apply.)
a. Promoting disease prevention
b. Providing financial assistance
c. Providing support and counseling
d. Establishing lifelong friendships
e. Establishing a therapeutic relationship
f. Participating in ethical decision making
ANS: A, C, E, F
The pediatric nurse‘s role includes promoting disease prevention, providing support and
counseling, establishing a therapeutic relationship, and participating in ethical decision
making; a pediatric nurse does not need to establish lifelong friendships or provide financial
assistance to children and their families. Boundaries should be set and clear.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse is conducting a teaching session for parents on nutrition. Which characteristics of
families should the nurse consider, that can cause families to struggle in providing adequate
nutrition? (Select all that apply.)
a. Homelessness
b. Lower income
c. Migrant status
d. Working parents
e. Single parent status
ANS: A, B, C
Families that struggle with lower incomes, homelessness, and migrant status generally lack
the resources to provide their children with adequate food intake, nutritious foods such as
fresh fruits and vegetables, and appropriate protein intake. Working parents and single parent
