UNH History 405 Midterm Exam
Questions and All Correct Answers
2025-2026 Edition.
Pinckney Treaty (1795) - Answer In 1795, Thomas Pinckney, the U.S. minister to Spain,
negotiated this treaty with Spain. Spain agreed to open the lower Mississippi and New Orleans
to trade. The right of deposit was granted to Americans so they could transfer cargos in New
Orleans without paying duties. It was agreed that Spain would only control area south of the
31st parallel.
Jay Treaty (1794) - Answer In 1794, this treaty with Britain, was negotiated by Chief Justice
John Jay. The U.S. wanted Britain to stop seizing U.S. ships and impressing our sailors. However,
the treaty said nothing about ship seizures, and Britain only agreed to evacuate posts on the
U.S. frontier
French Revolution (1789) - Answer Period of radical social and political change throughout
Europe that began with an uprising
against the king of France.
Bill of Rights, 1791 - Answer The Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first ten
amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed to assuage the fears of Anti-
Federalists
Seven Years' War (1756-1763) - Answer Conflict fought in Europe and its overseas colonies; in
North America, known as the French and Indian War
Paternalism - Answer A policy of treating subject people as if they were children, providing for
their needs but not giving them rights.
Montezuma - Answer Powerful Aztec monarch who fell to Cortes.
Spain - Answer Christopher Columbus believed that he could get to Asia by sailing west around
Africa. He convinced Queen Isabella of Spain to pay for an exploratory expedition. In October
1942 he reached the Americas and explored Cuba's Coastline. Ferdinand Magellan was another
important explorer. Magellan persuaded the king of Spain to finance his voyage to Asia. He set
sail in 1519 in search of a sea passage through America. He passed through the Strait of
, In 1519, a Spanish force under the command of Hernan Cortes landed at Veracruz, on the Gulf
of Mexico. Cortes marched to Tenochtitlan with a small body of troops. As he went, he made
alliances with city-states that had tired of the oppressive rule of the Aztec. Particularly
important was the alliance with Tlaxcala. In November, Cortes arrived at Tenochtitlan and was
welcomed by the Aztec monarch Montezuma. Eventually, tensions arose between the Spaniards
and the Aztec. The Spanish took Montezuma hostage and began to pillage the city. In 1520, the
local population revolted and drove the invaders from the city. Many of the Spanish were killed.
At around the time that the Spaniards had fled from Mexico, there came a great sickness called
the smallpox. With no natural immunity to European diseases, many Aztec fell sick and died.
Meanwhile, Cortes received fresh soldiers from his new allies; the state of Tlaxcala alone
provided 50,000 warriors. After 4 months, the city surrendered
Columbian Exchange - Answer The exchange of plants and animals between Europe and the
Americas
Colony - Answer A settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent
country by trade and direct government control.
Mestizos - Answer Offspring of European and Native Americans
Artisans , small merchants, small-scale farmers and ranchers
Mullatos - Answer Offspring of Africans and Europeans
Laborers
Tenochtitlan - Answer Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake Texcoco. Its
population was about 150,000 on the eve of Spanish conquest. Mexico City was constructed on
its ruins.
Small Pox - Answer Disease spread by Europeans in the Americas. Led to the deaths of millions
of Native Americans in North and South America
African Slave Trade - Answer African people were taken as slaves to be sold in America, in
America they would work in mines & plantations. The profit went to europe where they built
goods to then be sold to Africans. It was a triangle.
Half Freedom - Answer referred to slaves on New York City who could earn wages and
eventually purchase their own freedom.
Questions and All Correct Answers
2025-2026 Edition.
Pinckney Treaty (1795) - Answer In 1795, Thomas Pinckney, the U.S. minister to Spain,
negotiated this treaty with Spain. Spain agreed to open the lower Mississippi and New Orleans
to trade. The right of deposit was granted to Americans so they could transfer cargos in New
Orleans without paying duties. It was agreed that Spain would only control area south of the
31st parallel.
Jay Treaty (1794) - Answer In 1794, this treaty with Britain, was negotiated by Chief Justice
John Jay. The U.S. wanted Britain to stop seizing U.S. ships and impressing our sailors. However,
the treaty said nothing about ship seizures, and Britain only agreed to evacuate posts on the
U.S. frontier
French Revolution (1789) - Answer Period of radical social and political change throughout
Europe that began with an uprising
against the king of France.
Bill of Rights, 1791 - Answer The Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first ten
amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed to assuage the fears of Anti-
Federalists
Seven Years' War (1756-1763) - Answer Conflict fought in Europe and its overseas colonies; in
North America, known as the French and Indian War
Paternalism - Answer A policy of treating subject people as if they were children, providing for
their needs but not giving them rights.
Montezuma - Answer Powerful Aztec monarch who fell to Cortes.
Spain - Answer Christopher Columbus believed that he could get to Asia by sailing west around
Africa. He convinced Queen Isabella of Spain to pay for an exploratory expedition. In October
1942 he reached the Americas and explored Cuba's Coastline. Ferdinand Magellan was another
important explorer. Magellan persuaded the king of Spain to finance his voyage to Asia. He set
sail in 1519 in search of a sea passage through America. He passed through the Strait of
, In 1519, a Spanish force under the command of Hernan Cortes landed at Veracruz, on the Gulf
of Mexico. Cortes marched to Tenochtitlan with a small body of troops. As he went, he made
alliances with city-states that had tired of the oppressive rule of the Aztec. Particularly
important was the alliance with Tlaxcala. In November, Cortes arrived at Tenochtitlan and was
welcomed by the Aztec monarch Montezuma. Eventually, tensions arose between the Spaniards
and the Aztec. The Spanish took Montezuma hostage and began to pillage the city. In 1520, the
local population revolted and drove the invaders from the city. Many of the Spanish were killed.
At around the time that the Spaniards had fled from Mexico, there came a great sickness called
the smallpox. With no natural immunity to European diseases, many Aztec fell sick and died.
Meanwhile, Cortes received fresh soldiers from his new allies; the state of Tlaxcala alone
provided 50,000 warriors. After 4 months, the city surrendered
Columbian Exchange - Answer The exchange of plants and animals between Europe and the
Americas
Colony - Answer A settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent
country by trade and direct government control.
Mestizos - Answer Offspring of European and Native Americans
Artisans , small merchants, small-scale farmers and ranchers
Mullatos - Answer Offspring of Africans and Europeans
Laborers
Tenochtitlan - Answer Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake Texcoco. Its
population was about 150,000 on the eve of Spanish conquest. Mexico City was constructed on
its ruins.
Small Pox - Answer Disease spread by Europeans in the Americas. Led to the deaths of millions
of Native Americans in North and South America
African Slave Trade - Answer African people were taken as slaves to be sold in America, in
America they would work in mines & plantations. The profit went to europe where they built
goods to then be sold to Africans. It was a triangle.
Half Freedom - Answer referred to slaves on New York City who could earn wages and
eventually purchase their own freedom.
